Flower. If it flowered in Sep-Oct, I missed taking its photos |
Foliage. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams. |
Form. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams. |
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Plant Name |
Helianthus salicifolius |
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Common Name |
Willow-leaved Sunflower |
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Soil |
Chalk or Sand |
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Sun Aspect |
Full Sun |
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Soil Moisture |
Moist and Well-drained |
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Plant Type |
Herbaceous Perennial |
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Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
96-120 x 12-36 (240-300 x 30-90) |
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Foliage |
Narrow, drooping, willow-like, pale green |
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Flower Shape, Natural Arrangement, Number of Petals and Flower Colour in Month(s). Seed |
Clusters of Disc-shaped, Yellow rays and dark Brown discs, many-Petal flowers in September-October |
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Comment |
Erect Form. Pruning Group 14. "Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun. Tolerant of wide range of soil conditions. If grown in part shade, plants tend to be taller and more open, produce fewer flowers and require support. Spreads over time by creeping rhizomes to form dense colonies. Divide every 3-4 years to control spread and maintain vigor. Willow-leaved sunflower is a Missouri native plant that occurs in unglaciated western Missouri prairie areas south of the Missouri River. Features clusters (branched panicles) of 2-2.5" wide sunflowers with bright yellow rays and dark brown center disks atop rigid, whitish-green stems typically growing 5-6' (less frequently to 8') tall. Narrow, drooping, willow-like, pale green leaves (5-7"). Blooms from late summer to fall. Good fresh cut flower. The late season floral display of bright yellow sunflowers with brown centers makes this plant one of the most spectacular fall blooming plants. The stems will grow to over 10 feet in part sun, but only half this height in full sun. They respond well to a variety of moisture and soil conditions." from Missouri Botanical Garden. "It will bring a wild and natural look to any garden, and I have seen it used to great effect naturalised in long grass, planted at the edge of a pond and as a part of a herbaceous border. Although H. salicifolius is happiest in well-drained but reliably moist ground it will tolerate poorer soils and drought better than almost any other sunflower - albeit at the expense of great size. On heavy soil add sandy grit and light organic matter - leaf mould or garden compost are ideal - before planting. Light sandy ground is not a natural environment for this plant, but a bulky soil improver such as well-rotted manure will help to keep moisture in and boost nutrient levels. A site in full sun will produce the best results, although it tolerates partial shade. All sunflowers respond best to long hot summers, hence their magnificent showing this year. Division in spring or autumn is a quick way to increase numbers as the plant spreads readily by rhizomes. These divisions should be planted immediately in prepared soil and watered in thoroughly. H. salicifolius can also be propagated by seed collected in late autumn and sown in a cold frame in spring, or by taking basal cuttings, also in spring. It doesn't usually need to be staked, which is just as well given the wandering nature of the stems. Although rust and powdery mildew can be a problem, I find that H. salicifolius is pretty resistant to disease." from The Telegraph. Available from Toby Buckland Nurseries in the UK with Lazy S'S Farm Nursery in America. |
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Companions |
"Given that the willow-leaved sunflower is fairly relaxed and wild-looking, it associates well with plants of a similar nature. Ornamental grasses such as late-flowering miscanthus cultivars are well-suited, including Miscanthus 'Gracillimus', Miscanthus 'Rotsilber' and Miscanthus 'Grosse Fontaine'. The gorgeous pampas grass Cortederia 'Sunningdale Silver' is another happy bedfellow, being less upright and formal than other pampas and having the distinction of one-sided awns (inflorescences). Salvia uliginosa makes a bold companion - its sky-blue flowers are not the easiest to place in a scheme - but if clashing brilliance is your thing it's well worth a try. The early flowering Inula racemosa has much the same qualities as H. salicifolius, being big, yellow-flowered and naturalistic in habit, and I find it works well with the sunflower if you want to create a succession of flower. Late-flowering asters - including Aster pilosus var. demotus, with small, white daisy flowers, and A. turbinellus, which has larger purple flowers - can be planted in front of it." from The Telegraph. |
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Winter Form in middle from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams on 4 March 2013. |
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Spring Form in middle and right of birch branch plant support structures from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams on 25 April 2013. |
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Spring Form from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams on 13 May 2013. |
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Summer Form from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams on 3 August 2013. |
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Winter Foliage from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. |
Spring Foliage from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. Photo from Chris Garnons-Williams on 13 May 2013. |
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Summer Foliage from Mixed Borders at RHS Wisley. |
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MIXED BORDER RHS WISLEY HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS GALLERY PAGES |
FOLIAGE COLOUR |
FORM SEED/FRUIT COLOUR FLOWER BED PICTURES |
Starting with the data in Garden Style followed by Infill Plants, then you can refine your plant list from the remaining galleries in this cell:- |
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PERENNIAL |
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HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL Gallery with 7 Flower Colours (Red, Pink and Purple on same page) per Month in Colour Wheel. Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month. |
HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL INDEX - There are over
FLOWER COLOUR RANGE IN 71 PARTS OF RHS WISLEY MIXED BORDER DURING
The variety of plants that can be used in alpine gardening is obviously very large and very bewildering at first approach. With a view to easing the task of selection here are lists The standard potting and seed-soil recipes from The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills are at the bottom of the page on Alpine - Sink and Trough Gardens. |
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To compare |
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with 7 Flower Colours - Blue, White, Yellow, Green for Unusual, Red, Orange and Pink per Month in Colour Wheel below. Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month. |
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The Herbaceous Perennials in this gallery are not compared with other Herbaceous Perennials in the HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL GALLERY, but they are compared with each other in the Mixed Border Garden Design Gallery using the above 7 Flower Colours per month Wheel. |
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Blue = |
Green = |
Red = |
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Brown = |
Blue = |
Green = |
Red = |
Black = |
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Wet Soil |
Moist Soil |
Dry Soil |
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Flowering Months range abbreviates month Click on centre of thumbnail to move from this page to the The Comments Row of that Plant Description |
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Herbaceous Perennial |
Flowering Months |
Height x Width in inches (cms) - 1 inch = 2.5 cms, 12 inches = 1 foot = 30 cms, 36 inches = 3 feet = 1 yard = 90 cms, 40 inches = 100 cms |
Flower Thumb-nail |
Herbaceous Perennial Flower Thumbnail |
Flowering Months |
Height x Width in inches (cms) - 1 inch = 2.5 cms, 12 inches = 1 foot = 30 cms, 36 inches = 3 feet = 1 yard = 90 cms, 40 inches = 100 cms |
Flower Thumb-nail |
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Alpine Herbaceous Perennial if Text Background is Blue |
Alpine Herbaceous Perennial if Text Background is Blue |
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Evergreen or Semi-Evergreen Perennial |
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A |
A |
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May, June, |
48-60 x 24 |
96 x 40 |
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June, July, August, |
36 x 24 |
48 x 24 |
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June, July, |
48 x 18 |
40-60 x 20-40 (100-150 x 50-100) |
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June, July, |
36 x 18 |
June, July, |
60 x 40 |
Creamy-White. |
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June, July, |
48 x 24 |
32-39 x 24 (80-100 x 60) |
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May, June, |
36 x 24 |
July, August, September |
64 x 16 |
Violet-Blue. |
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June, July, |
20 x 15 |
August, September |
96 x 40 |
Dark Blue. |
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June, July, August, |
28 x 18 |
July, August |
40-60 x 4-20 (100-150 x 10-50) |
Violet-Blue. |
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June, July, August, |
36 x 16 |
24-48 x 18-24 |
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June, July, August, |
36-42 x 12 |
48 x 36 |
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June, July, |
16-48 x 12 |
70 x 40 |
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July, August, |
42 x 36 |
August, September, October |
80 x 24 |
Creamy-White. |
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July, August |
40 x 80 |
60 x 24 |
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December, January, |
18 x 30 |
40 x 20 |
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July, August, |
30 x 18 |
60 x 24 |
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June, July |
20 x 18 |
18 x 12 |
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July, August, |
24 x 24 |
July, August |
36 x 20 |
White. |
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July, August, |
30 x 24 |
32 x 24 |
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June, July |
72-96 x 24 |
36 x 16 |
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June, July |
72-96 x 24 |
40 x 16 |
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June, July |
72-96 x 24 |
July, August, September, October |
48 x 24 |
White. |
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June, July |
72-96 x 24 |
24 x 16 |
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June, July |
72-96 x 24 |
20-40 x 4-20 |
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June, July |
72 x 24 |
28 x 24 |
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June, July, |
4 x 20 |
July, August, September |
72 x 60 |
Pinkish-Lavender |
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June, July, |
16 x 12 |
60-100 x 40-60 |
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July |
24 x 230 |
20-40 x 20-40 |
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June, July, |
36 x 24 |
August, September, October |
24-40 x 24-40 |
Pale Pink. |
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August, September, |
36 x 24 |
40-60 x 20-40 |
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Pink - July, August or |
24 x 16 |
60 x 24 |
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July, August |
36 x 18 |
July, August, September |
60 x 24 |
Cream. |
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July, August |
25 x 16 |
August, September |
24 x 24 |
Yellowish-Brown. |
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May, June |
16 x 18 |
July, August, September |
60 x 18-24 |
Pink. |
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May, June |
30 x 12 |
September, October |
12-36 x 12-36 |
White. |
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June, July, August, September, October |
36 x 12 |
July, August, September, October |
4-20 x 4-20 |
Red and White. |
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July, August, |
28 x 16 |
September, October |
52 x 24 |
Mauve-Pink. |
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August, September, |
12 x 12 |
September, October |
60 x 16-24 |
Lilac-Blue. |
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July |
30 x 18 |
August, September |
12-18 x 8-12 |
Purple-Pink. |
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August, September |
8-12 x 10 |
45 x 78 |
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June |
20-24 x 12 |
September, October |
48 x 36 |
Purple-Red. |
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July |
24 x 18 |
August, September, October, November |
48-60 x 24 |
Pale Violet. |
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July, August |
39 x 24 |
24 x 16 |
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August, September |
48 x 24 |
B |
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June, July |
18-24 x 18 (45-60 x 45) |
40-60 x 20-40 |
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July, August |
24 x 18 |
C |
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July, August |
8-18 x 12 |
60 x 24 |
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June, July |
24 x 18 |
48 x 20 |
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B |
24-36 x 18-30 |
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April, May |
12-18 x 24 |
24 x 12 |
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April, May |
12-18 x 18 (30-45 x 45) |
June, July |
60-100 x 40-60 |
White. |
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June, July, August, |
24 x 18 |
20-40 x 4-20 |
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C |
24 x 24 |
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April |
9 x 12 |
August, September, October |
35 x 23 |
Opening Orange fades to Pink. |
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June, July, |
2 x 12 |
36 x 18 |
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June, July, |
36-48 x 24 |
June, July, August, September |
60 x 48 |
Purple. |
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June, July, |
24 x 24 |
D |
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July, August, September, |
36 x 24 |
May, June, July, August |
80 x 40 |
Creamy-Yellow-Green. |
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D |
E |
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July, August, September |
60 x 18 |
18-24 x 14 |
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June, July, August, |
6 x 20 |
40 x 18 |
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May, June |
18 x 30 |
28 x 16 |
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May, June |
24-36 x 20 |
39 x 39 |
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E |
July, August |
18-48 x 24 |
Bright Blue. |
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July, August, September |
30-48 x 18 (75-120 x 45) |
40-60 x 20-40 |
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F |
12-60 x 24 |
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June |
6 x 6 |
White |
88 x 40 |
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G |
Eupatorium maculatum (Atropur-pureum Group) 'Riesen-schirm' |
July, August, September |
80 x 80 |
Pink-Purple. |
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August, September |
24 x 18 |
August, September, October |
60-100 x 20-40 |
Purplish-Pink. |
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June, July |
32 x 18 |
24 x 20 |
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June, July |
12 x 12 |
F |
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July, August, |
4 x 12 |
60-100 x 20-40 |
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July, August |
60 x 72 |
July, August |
72 x 18 |
Sulphur-Yellow. |
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H |
60 x 20 |
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September, October, |
60 x 18 |
G |
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August |
48 x 30 |
48 x 36 |
White. |
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August |
20 x 36 |
Deep Violet |
48 x 32 |
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July |
36 x 48 |
36 x 36 |
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K |
Geranium 'Rozanne' |
24 x 16 |
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September, October |
24 x 18 |
24 x 18 |
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July, August |
36 x 24 |
24 x 20 |
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September, October |
30 x 18 |
H |
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L |
July, August, September |
72 x 24 |
Yellow. |
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May, June, |
24 x 12 |
June, July, August |
36 x 24 |
Brick Orange Red. |
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April, May, |
12 x 18 |
38-51 x 16 |
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August, September, |
48 x 36 |
20-40 x 4-20 |
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June, July, |
3 x 6 |
72 x 24 |
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June, July |
12 x 12 |
20-40 x 4-20 |
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June, July, August, |
36 x 12 |
September, October |
96-120 x 12-36 |
Yellow rays and dark Brown disc. If it flowered in Sep-Oct, I missed taking their photos |
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April, May, |
48 x 24 |
80 x 48 |
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May, June |
12 x 18 |
80 x 18 |
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July, August |
36 x 24 |
23 x 30 |
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M |
20 x 40 |
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May, June, |
12 x 36 |
Yellow with |
30 x 24 |
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May, June, |
12 x 24 |
32 x 40 |
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P |
18 x 12 |
Cream. |
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June, July |
36 x 36 |
26 x 20 |
Pale Pink. |
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May, June |
36 x 36 |
I |
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June, July |
30 x 30 |
72 x 36 |
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May, June |
16 x 16 |
72 x 60 |
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Paeonia |
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23 x 18 |
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May, June |
6 x 4 |
Pinkish-blue |
J, K |
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May, June |
... |
Yellow, Purple, Red, Pink |
32 x 24 |
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May, June |
6 x 5 |
Pink |
40 x 20 |
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May, June |
6 x 3.5 |
Purple |
August, September |
120 x 48 |
Orange-red fades to yellow. |
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May, June |
6 x 3 |
Red |
June, July, August, September |
48 x 32 |
Lemon-Yellow. |
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May, June |
6 x 5 |
White |
July, August, September |
40 x 30 |
Light Scarlet fades to Yellow. |
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May, June |
6 x 3 |
Yellow |
June, July, August |
36 x 24 |
Orange top with Ivory-White bottom. |
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L |
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June, July, |
12 x 6 |
August, September, October, November |
60 x 40 |
White. |
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May, June, |
36 x 24 |
36 x 36 |
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May |
4-8 x 8 |
48 x 48 |
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S |
30 x 18 |
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September |
18 x 18 |
Lychnis coronaria 'Gardener's World' |
24 x 10-12 |
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D |
40 x 24 |
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May |
24-48 x 48 |
60 x 20 |
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36 x 18 |
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M |
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100 x 60 |
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June, July |
88 x 40 |
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June, July |
80 x 48 |
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June, July, August |
55 x 55 |
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June, July, August, September |
24 x 18 |
White. |
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July, August, September |
60 x 20 |
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June, July, August |
36 x 15 |
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N |
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June, July, August, September |
36 x 24 |
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June, July, August |
48 x 36 |
Lilac-Pink. |
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June, July, August, September |
24 x 20 |
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O |
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June, July, August, September |
18 x 24 |
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July, August, September, October |
18 x 18 |
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P |
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July, August, September |
70 x 24 |
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July, August, September |
70 x 24 |
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June, July, August, September |
40 x 30 |
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July, August, September, October |
48 x 48 |
Bright Red. |
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July, August, September, October, November |
18 x 18 |
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June, July, August, September |
50 x 60 |
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Persicaria amplex-icaulis taurus |
July, August, September, October |
40 x 28 |
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July, August, September |
20 x 40 |
White. |
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June, July, August |
80 x 40 |
Pale Yellow. |
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May, June, July, August, September |
36 x 30 |
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July, August |
40 x 24 |
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July, August, September |
30 x 20 |
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July, August, September |
30 x 30 |
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July, August, September |
36 x 24 |
Lilac. |
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July, August, September |
18 x 14 |
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July, August, September |
24 x 16 |
White. |
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July, August, September |
40 x 20 |
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Dear Mr C H Garnons-Williams, Tony Dickerson Horticultural Advisor Above email sent by the RHS on 13 September 2013 - plant label in Mixed Border bed still not changed by 23 November 2013. |
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July, August, September |
30 x 16 |
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July, August, September |
30 x 30 |
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July, August, September |
40 x 32 |
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July, August, September, October |
36 x 24 |
Red. |
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July, August, September |
24 x 24 |
Blue-Purple. |
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July, August, September |
36 x 12 |
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June, July, August, September |
24 x 18 |
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June, July, August |
16 x 12 |
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June, July, August |
16 x 12 |
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Q, R |
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August, September, October |
24 x 18 |
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June, July, August, September |
80 x 36 |
Yellow. |
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S |
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June, July, August |
30 x 24 |
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May, June, July, August, September |
18 x 18 |
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July, August, September, October |
24 x 20 |
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September, October |
20 x 16 |
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August, September |
40 x 20 |
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August, September, October |
12 x 12 |
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August, September, October, November |
18 x 18 |
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August, September |
18 x 18 |
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September, October, November |
24 x 18 |
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June, July, August |
32 x 24 |
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August, September, October |
60 x 32 |
Yellow. |
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June, July, August, September |
18 x 24 |
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June, July, August, September |
20 x 28 |
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August, September, October |
48 x 24 |
Violet-Blue. |
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June, July, August, September |
32 x 18 |
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T |
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June, July, August |
94 x 23 |
Lavender. |
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June, July, August |
59 x 23 |
Purple-Pink. |
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June, July |
48 x 48 |
Sulphur-Yellow. |
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June, July, August |
72 x 36 |
Purple-Pink or Lavender. |
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U, V |
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August, September, October |
60 x 18 |
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June, July, August, September, October |
24 x 16 |
Purple or Magenta. |
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June, July, August, September |
36 x 24 |
Pale Purple/ Lavend-erish Lilac. |
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June, July, August, September |
60 x 24 |
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July, August, September |
60 x 36 |
Pink Lavender/ Lilac. |
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July, August |
40 x 20 |
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July, August, September |
60 x 18 |
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June, July |
42 x 20 |
Lilac/ Pale Blue. |
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July, August, September |
60 x 26 |
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W, XYZ |
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May, June, July |
18 x 14 |
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Ivydene Gardens Herbaceous Perennial Flower Shape Gallery: |
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HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL FLOWER SHAPE AND OTHER DETAILS- |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elabor-ated |
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Natural Arrange-ments |
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Herbaceous Perennial Name Index The respective flower colour and thumbnail, months of flowering, form, height and width, foliage colour and thumbnail, use and comments are in the relevant index page |
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UK Peony Index :- |
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Perennials & Ephemerals chapter of Plants for Dry Gardens by Jane Taylor. Published by Frances Lincoln Limited in 1993. ISBN 0-7112-0772-0 for plants that are drought tolerant. |
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Woodland Site |
Shady Places |
Rock Garden Site |
Planting on a Sloping Site |
Bog Site |
Large Perennial Site |
Cut Flower Site |
Outdoor Room |
Strip |
Beds |
Borders Site |
Annuals to Use with Perennials |
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Foliage Blue-Green |
Foliage Grey-Green |
Foliage Grey |
Foliage Varie-gated |
Foliage Bold Character |
Foliage Finely Cut, Delicate or Compound Character |
Foliage Aromatic |
Foliage Height |
Foliage Height |
Foliage Height |
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White Flower Colour |
Blue or Almost Blue Flower Colour |
Lavender Flower Colour |
Lavender, called Blue Flower Colour |
Yellow Flower Colour |
Orange Flower Colour |
Pink Flower Colour |
Red & Scarlet Flower Colour |
Maroon Flower Colour |
Flowering Stem between 24-48 inches (60-120 cms) |
Flowering Stem over 48 inches (120 cms) |
Bloom by Season |
Bloom by Season |
Bloom by Season |
Bloom by Season |
Bloom by Season |
Long Bloomers |
Long Lived |
Perennials which prefer Moisture |
Perennials which do best on Margins of Water |
Perennials which tolerate Dense Shade |
Perennials which are Drought Tolerant |
Perennials for Poor Soil, Full Sun |
Tough Perennials (or easy Maint-enance) |
Colour All The Year in My Garden by C.H. Middleton. Published by Ward, Lock & Co. for culture. Perennials The Gardener's Reference by Susan Carter, Carrie Becker and Bob Lilly. Published by Timber Press in 2007 for plants for Special Gardens. It also gives details of species and cultivars for each genus. |
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Herbaceous Perennial Form |
Mat-Forming |
Prostrate or Trailing |
Cushion or Mound-forming |
Spreading or Creeping |
Clump-forming |
Stemless. Sword-shaped Leaves |
Erect or Upright |
Herbaceous Perennial Use |
Other than Only Green Foliage |
Bedding or Mass Planting |
Ground-Cover |
In Water |
Coastal Conditions |
Speciman Plant |
Under-plant |
Indoor House-plant |
Grow in an Alpine House |
Grow in Hanging Basket |
Grow in Window-box |
Grow in Green-house |
Fragrant Flowers |
Not Fragrant Flowers |
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Attracts Butter-flies |
Attracts Bees |
Grow in Scree |
Grow in a Patio Pot |
Grow in an Alpine Trough |
Edging Borders |
Back of Border or Back-ground Plant |
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Into Native Plant Garden |
Naturalize in Grass |
Natural-ized Plant Area |
Resistant to Wildlife |
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Early Spring Border Special Garden |
Spring Epheme-rals Special Garden |
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Summer Border Special Garden |
Cottage Garden Special Garden |
Late Summer Border Special Garden |
Autumn Border Special Garden |
Shade Border and Woodland Garden Special Garden |
Back of Border, Alley, and Too Tall for Words Special Garden |
Meadow Garden Special Garden |
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Herbaceous Perennial in Soil |
Chalk |
Clay |
Sand |
Lime-Free (Acid) |
Peat |
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Peony Use |