Ivydene Gardens Duckweed to Ferns Wild Flower Families Gallery:
True Ferns - Royal Fern Family.

Click on Underlined Text in:-

Common Name to view that Plant Description Page
Botanical Name to link to Plant or Seed Supplier
Flowering Months to view photos
Habitat to view further Natural Habitat details and Botanical Society of the British Isles Distribution Map

True Fern: Royal Fern Family:-

"Ferns and their allies are a very ancient order of flowerless plants, comprising the Ferns, Horsetails, Clubmosses and Quillworts, all perennial except for the rare Jersey Fern (Polypody Family). They have no seed, but reproduce themselves by minute dust-like spores. These are produced in tiny capsules (sporangia), and give rise without any sexual process to tiny short-lived plants called prothalli, which bear male and female organs and carry out the reproductive process in the presence of moisture and not by insect or wind fertilisation, leading to the formation of a new fern plant. This process is called alternation of generations. In the Ferns the prothalli are usually small green heart-shaped scale-like plants, 1/4 - 1/2 inch across, which may often be found in damp shady spots near fern colonies, sometimes with tiny fern plants growing from them.

The Mosses, Liverworts, Stoneworts (Chara and Nitella species), Algae, Seaweeds and other more primitive flowerless plants have only cellular and not fibrous or vascular tissue, and lack true roots and usually stems as well, but are sometimes very hard to distinguish except by a knowledge of their reproductive habits.

The true fern families (Royal Fern Family, Filmy Fern Family and (Polypody Family) have ferns which are non-woody perennials, except for the rare Jersey Fern (Polypody Family), with an obvious family resemblance, their leaves (fronds) folded crozier-like in bud and arising from a creeping or an often well-tufted rootstock that may be covered with a brown shaggy mass of decayed leaves. Only Hartstongue (Polypody Family) has completely undivided leaves, the rest being either deeply lobed (Rusty-back in (Polypody Family) or 1-3 pinnate. The spores are contained in minute cases, which are grouped into raised brown heaps (sori), covered by an indusium, on the back or edges of the leaves, except in the Royal Fern (Royal Fern Family). Many species are very variable, and young plants, especially sterile ones, are extremely hard, if not impossible, to identify. They all affect damp or shady places, and so are plentiful in Western England.

" from Collins Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers by David McClintock and R.S.R. Fitter assisted by Francis Rose - ISBN 0 00 219363 9 - Eleventh Impression 1978

True Fern: Royal Fern Family plant table with its Common Name - Botanical Name. Flowering Months Range. Habitat with link to that Wild Flower Habitat Gallery:-

Common Name

Botanical Name

Flowering Months

Habitat

Royal Fern

Osmunda regalis

June-August

A large fern found on neutral or acidic substrates in fen-carr woodland and ditches, and on riverbanks and rocky lake shores. In W. Ireland it also grows in wet fields, mires and, more rarely, on limestone sea-cliffs. It is often confined to inaccessible sites in grazed areas. Lowland to 365 m in S. Kerry.

fosmundafru1regalis

fosmundafrusregalis

fosmundafolregalis

fosmundaforregalis

Ripe Spores from Inver Polly in Ross and Cromarty on 24 June

Ripe Spores from Inver Polly in Ross and Cromarty on 24 June

Foliage from Bedgebury in Kent on 1 October

Form from Bedgebury on 1 October

osmundafforregalisbritishflora

Form from Norfolk Broads. Photo from BritishFlora

osmundaffrusregalisbritishflora

Spores from Norfolk Broads. Photo from BritishFlora

The New Zealand Electronic Text Centre has under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 New Zealand Licence produced the following information from Chapter IX - Ferns for the Open Garden from The Cultivation of New Zealand Plants by L.Cockayne published by Whitcombe and Tombs Limited, 1923, Auckland:-

"No descriptions are given. The leaves of ferns are too complex in form to allow of a useful brief description. However, photographs of all the species are to be seen in H. B. Dobbie's, "New Zealand Ferns," and to this book readers are referred.

Class 1.—Ferns requiring no shade in dry districts.

Blechnum (Lomaria) penna marina, (vh.); Cheilanthes Sieberi, (vh.), alpine-garden, dry ground; Doodia media, (hh.); Histiopteris (Pteris) incisa, (vh.); Hypolepis millefolium, (vh.); Lindsaya linearis, (vh.), grows in bogs; Notochlaena distans, (vh.); Paesia (Pteris) scaberula, (vh.), will grow in full sunshine in Christchurch.

Class 2.—Ferns requiring only the minimum amount of shade.

Asplenium bulbiferum, (vh.), there are many forms differing somewhat in their shade-requirements; A. flabellifolium, (vh.); A. flaccidum, (vh.), there are many forms; A. Hookerianum, (vh.); A. lucidum, (vh.), A. oblusatum and its allies, (vh.); Blechnum (Lomaria) Banksii, (vh.); B. capense (vh.) grows under many conditions. and changes its form greatly according to habitat; B. (L.) durum, (vh.); Cyathea dealbata (ponga, silver tree-fern, vh.); C. medullaris (mamaku, black tree-fern. h.); Cyclophorus (Polypodium) serpens (vh.) comes of its own accord in the wetter districts on rough-barked, exotic trees, e.g., Cupressus macrocarpa and elderberry (Sambucus niger); Dicksonia fibrosa, (vh); D. squarrosa wheki, vh.); Dryopteris (Polypodium) punctata, (vh.); Gleichenia circinata. (vh.); G. dicarpa, (vh.), these last two difficult to establish from wild plants; Hypolepis distans, (h.); H. tenuifolia, (vh.); Loxsoma Cunninghamii, (hh.); Pellaea falcata, (vh.); P. rotundifolia, (vh.); Polypodium diversifolium (Billardieri of all New Zealand books on ferns), (vh.); Polystichum (Aspidium) Richardi, (vh.); P. vestitum (A. aculeatum var. vestitum), (vh.); Todaea barbara, (hh.).

Class 3.—Ferns requiring a moderate amount of shade.

Adiantum aethiopicum, (h.); A. affine, (vh.); A. fulvum, (h.); A. hispidulum, (hh.); Alsophila Colensoi (vh.) has its trunk mostly underground; Blechnum (Lomaria) discolor, (vh.); B. (L.) filiforme, (hh.); B. (L.) Fraseri, (hh.); B. (L.) lanceolatum, (vh.); B. (L.) vulcanicum, (vh.); Dicksonia lanata, (h.); Dryopteris (Nephrodium) glabella, (vh.); D. (N.) hispida, (vh.) D. (N.) velutina, (h.); Gleichenia Cunninghamii (umbrella-fern, vh.), difficult to establish; Hemitelia Smithii, (vh.); Leptolepia (Davallia) novae-zelandiae, (vh.); Lindsaya cuneata (trichomanoides), (vh.); Polypodium dictyopteris (Cunninghamii), (hh.); P. novae-zelandiae, (vh.); P. pustulatum, (h.); Polystichum adiantiforme (capense), (vh.); Pteris macilenta, (hh.); P. tremula, (hh.).

Class 4.—Ferns requiring a considerable amount of shade.

Adiantum formosum, (hh.); Asplenium Colensoi, (vh.); A. Richardi, (vh.); A. umbrosum, (hh.); Blechnum (Lomaria) fluviatile, (vh.); B. (L.) Pattersoni, (vh.), grows in drip of water or extremely wet ground; Cystopteris novae-zealandiae (fragilis of New Zealand authors—vh.); Dryopteris (Nephrodium) decomposita (h.); D. (Polypodium) pennigera, (vh.); Gleichenia flabellata, (hh.), difficult to establish: Leptopteris (Todaea) hymenophylloides, (vh.); Lindsaya viridis, (h.); Lygodium articulatum, (hh.); Marattia fraxinea (para, king-fern, hh.)."

........

World fern statistics by country with reference works.

Lists of the 12838 species of the Ferns and Fern Allies genus, giving current name, authority, synonyms, published references, geographic distribution and sometimes illustrations or a full data-set on CD from Brian Swale.




2.   Say 'silk' five times. Now spell 'silk.' What do cows drink? 






  

Answer: Cows drink water. If you said 'milk,' don't attempt the next question.

Your brain is over-stressed and may even overheat.

Content yourself with reading a more appropriate literature such as Auto World. 
However, if you said 'water', proceed to question 3.

 




3. If a red house is made from red bricks and a blue house is made from blue bricks

and a pink house is made from pink bricks and a black house is made from black bricks,

what is a green house made from? 




Answer: Greenhouses are made from glass.  If you said 'green bricks,'

why are you still reading these??? 
If you said 'glass,' go on to Question 4. 







4.   It's twenty years ago, and a plane is flying at 20,000 feet over Germany

(If you will recall, Germany at the time was politically divided into West Germany and East Germany ).  Anyway, during the flight, two engines fail. The pilot, realizing that the last remaining engine is also failing, decides on a crash landing procedure.

Unfortunately the engine fails before he can do so and the plane fatally crashes

smack in the middle of 'no man's land' between East Germany and West Germany ...

Where would you bury the survivors?    East Germany, West Germany, 
Or no man's land'?

 



Answer: You don't bury survivors. 
If you said ANYTHING else, you're a dunce and you must stop.

If you said, 'You don't bury survivors', proceed to the next question. 





5. Without using a  calculator - You are driving a bus from London to 
Milford Haven in Wales.   In London, 17 people get on the bus.
In Reading, 6 people get off the bus and 9 people get on.
In   Swindon, 2 people get off and 4 get on.
In Cardiff, 11 people get off and 16 people get on.
In Swansea, 3 people get off and 5 people get on.
In Carmathen, 6 people get off and 3 get on.
You then arrive at Milford Haven   ..   

Without scrolling back to review, how old is the bus driver?





  


  



Answer: Oh, for crying out loud! 
Don't you remember your own age? 
   It was YOU driving the bus!!

 



If you pass this along to your friends, pray they do better than you.



PS: 95% of people fail most of the questions!!  

Tommy Cooper statements:-

'You  know, somebody actually complimented me on my  driving today.

They left a little note on the  windscreen.
It said, 'Parking Fine.'

So that was nice.'   

 

 

manliftingladder1a

It's that time of year for us to take our annual senior citizen test. 
Exercise of the brain is as important as exercise of the muscles.

 

As we grow older, it's important to keep mentally alert.

If you don't use it, you lose it! 
Below is a very private way to gauge how your memory  compares to the last test.

Some may think it is too easy but the ones with memory problems may have difficulty.  

Take the test presented here to determine if you're losing it or not. 
The spaces below are so you don't see the answers until you've made your answer.   
OK, relax, clear your mind and begin. 
 


1. What do you put in a toaster? 

  


 

 






  

Answer: 'bread.' If you said 'toast' give up now and do something else.. 
Try not to hurt yourself.


  


If you said, bread, go to Question 2.  

 

UKButterflies Larval Foodplants website page lists the larval foodplants used by British butterflies. The name of each foodplant links to a Google search. An indication of whether the foodplant is a primary or secondary food source is also given.

Please note that the Butterfly you see for only a short time has grown up on plants as an egg, caterpillar and chrysalis for up to 11 months, before becoming a butterfly. If the plants that they live on during that time are removed, or sprayed with herbicide, then you will not see the butterfly.
 

Topic - Wildlife on Plant Photo Gallery.

Some UK native butterflies eat material from UK Native Wildflowers and live on them as eggs, caterpillars (Large Skipper eats False Brome grass - Brachypodium sylvaticum - for 11 months from July to May as a Caterpillar before becoming a Chrysalis within 3 weeks in May) chrysalis or butterflies ALL YEAR ROUND.
Please leave a small area in your garden for wildflowers to grow without disturbance throughout the year for the benefit of butterflies, moths and other wildlife who are dependant on them.
Butterfly
Usage of Plants
by Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly

 

Topic -
Plant Photo Galleries for Wildflowers

There are 180 families in the Wildflowers of the UK and they have been split up into 22 Galleries to allow space for up to 100 plants per gallery.

Each plant named in each of the Wildflower Family Pages may have a link to:-

its Plant Description Page in its Common Name in one of those Wildflower Plant Galleries and will have links

to external sites to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name,

to see photos in its Flowering Months and

to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.

 

Wild Flower Gallery
with its
flower colour comparison page,
space,
Site Map page in its flower colour
NOTE Gallery:-
...Blue Note
...Brown Note
...Cream Note
...Green Note
...Mauve Note
...Multi-Cols Note
...Orange Note
...Pink A-G Note
...Pink H-Z Note
...Purple Note
...Red Note
...White A-D Note
...White E-P Note
...White Q-Z Note
...Yellow A-G Note
...Yellow H-Z Note
...Shrub/Tree Note

Each of the above 17 Flower Colour Comparison Pages compares the wildflowers with that flower colour in the top section using the thumbnails of the ones that I have. This is followed by a list of all the Wildflowers of the UK that have that same flower colour. Then, in the right hand table is the list of Wildflowers of the UK with that habitat as shown below:-

White A-D
and
Habitats of Saltmarshes, Beaches, Rocks and Cliff Tops

White E-P
and
Other Habitats

White Q-Z
and
Number of Petals
Cream
and
Coastal Sandy Shores and Dunes
Yellow A-G
and
Pollinator

Yellow H-Z
and
Poisonous Plants
Orange
and
Habitat of Hedgerows and Road Verges
Red
and
Habitat of Pinewoods
Pink A-G
and
Habitats of Lakes, Canals and Rivers

Pink H-Z
and
Habitats of Marshes, Fens and Bogs
Mauve
and
Habitat of Grassland - Acid, Neutral or Chalk
Purple
and
Habitats of Old Buildings and Walls
Blue
and
Flower Legend
Green
and
Habitat of Broad-leaved Woods
Brown
and
Food for Butterfly / Moth
Multi-Coloured
and
Habitats of Heaths and Moors
Shrub and Small Tree
and
Habitats of River Banks and Other Freshwater Margins

Seed 1
and
Scented Flower, Foliage or Root

Seed 2
and
Story of Their Common Names

Non-Flower Plants and
Non-Flowering Plant Use

Introduction
and
Edible Plant Parts

Site Map
and
Use of Plant

 

You can find the wild flower in one of the 23 Wild Flower Galleries or the Colour Wheel
Gallery

If

you know its name, use
Wild Flower Plant Index a-h,
Wild Flower Plant Index i-p or
Wild Flower Plant Index q-z

you know which habitat it lives in,
use
Wild Flowers on
Acid Soil Habitat Table,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush, or
is a Sedge

you know which family it belongs to, use
Wild Flower Family Pages menu below
 

Wild Flower Family Page

(the families within "The Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers" by David McClintock & R.S.R. Fitter, Published in 1956 are not in Common Name alphabetical order and neither are the common names of the plants detailed within each family. These families within that book will have their details described as shown in the next column starting from page 1 in February 2017 until all the families have been completed on page 307.

This may take a few months of my time before I get to the Adder's Tongue Family on page 307.

The information in the above book is back-referenced to the respective page in "Flora of the British Isles" by A.R. Clapham of University of Sheffield,
T.G. Tutin of University College, Leicester and
E.F. Warburg of University of Oxford printed by Cambridge at the University Press in 1952 for each plant in all the families)

followed by

No. of Plants of that Family

that have a row with their details in their flower colour in this central data table;

and then

the relevant entries in the Habitat Index Pages and other characteristics in other Index Pages in the Page Menu / Index Table on the left
(with over-flow in another table below the flower colour in the central data table and then onto
continuation pages)

within this gallery

Adder's Tongue

Amaranth

Arrow-Grass

Arum

Balsam

Bamboo

Barberry 2

Bedstraw

Beech

Bellflower

Bindweed

Birch

Birds-Nest

Birthwort

Bogbean

Bog Myrtle

Borage

Box

Broomrape

Buckthorn

Buddleia

Bur-reed

Buttercup 45

Butterwort

Cornel (Dogwood)

Crowberry

Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1

Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2

Cypress

Daffodil

Daisy

Daisy Cudweeds

Daisy Chamomiles

Daisy Thistle

Daisy Catsears

Daisy Hawkweeds

Daisy Hawksbeards

Daphne

Diapensia

Dock Bistorts

Dock Sorrels

Clubmoss

Duckweed

Eel-Grass

Elm

Filmy Fern

Horsetail

Polypody

Quillwort

Royal Fern

Figwort - Mulleins

Figwort - Speedwells

Flax

Flowering-Rush

Frog-bit

Fumitory 3

Gentian

Geranium

Glassworts

Gooseberry

Goosefoot

Grass 1

Grass 2

Grass 3

Grass Soft Bromes 1

Grass Soft Bromes 2

Grass Soft Bromes 3

Hazel

Heath

Hemp

Herb-Paris

Holly

Honeysuckle

Horned-Pondweed

Hornwort 2

Iris

Ivy

Jacobs Ladder

Lily

Lily Garlic

Lime

Lobelia

Loosestrife

Mallow

Maple

Mares-tail

Marsh Pennywort

Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)

Mesem-bryanthemum

Mignonette

Milkwort

Mistletoe

Moschatel

Naiad

Nettle

Nightshade

Oleaster

Olive

Orchid 1

Orchid 2

Orchid 3

Orchid 4

Parnassus-Grass

Peaflower

Peaflower Clover 1

Peaflower Clover 2

Peaflower Clover 3

Peaflower Vetches/Peas

Peony 1

Periwinkle

Pillwort

Pine

Pink 1

Pink 2

Pipewort

Pitcher-Plant

Plantain

Pondweed

Poppy 9

Primrose

Purslane

Rannock Rush

Reedmace

Rockrose

Rose 1

Rose 2

Rose 3

Rose 4

Rush

Rush Woodrushes

Saint Johns Wort

Saltmarsh Grasses

Sandalwood

Saxifrage

Seaheath

Sea Lavender

Sedge Rush-like

Sedges Carex 1

Sedges Carex 2

Sedges Carex 3

Sedges Carex 4

Spindle-Tree

Spurge

Stonecrop

Sundew

Tamarisk

Tassel Pondweed

Teasel

Thyme 1

Thyme 2

Umbellifer 1

Umbellifer 2

Valerian

Verbena

Violet

Water Fern

Waterlily 3

Water Milfoil

Water Plantain

Water Starwort

Waterwort

Willow

Willow-Herb

Wintergreen

Wood-Sorrel

Yam

Yew

Total 65

 

Plants used by the Butterflies follow the Plants used by the Egg, Caterpillar and Chrysalis as stated in
A Butterfly Book for the Pocket by Edmund Sandars.
Published by Oxford University Press London: Humphrey Milford in 1939.
 

Plant Name

Butterfly Name

Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly

Plant Usage

Plant Usage Months

Alder Buckthorn

Brimstone

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg under leaf.

Eats leaves.
---

10 days in May-June
28 days.
12 days.

Aspen

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem.

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May
9 days in June.

Black Medic

Common Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats buds and flowers.


Base of food plant.

-
-
Spend winter at the base of the food plant. They resume feeding in March.
2 weeks

Common Birdsfoot Trefoil

Chalk-Hill Blue

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg at base of plant.
Eats leaves.
---

Late August-April
April-June
1 Month

Common Birdsfoot Trefoil

Common Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats buds and flowers.


Base of food plant.

-
-
Spend winter at the base of the food plant. They resume feeding in March.
2 weeks

Common Birdsfoot Trefoil

Wood White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts.
Eats leaves.
---

7 days in June.

32 days in June-July.
July-May.

Bitter Vetch

Wood White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts.
Eats leaves.
---

7 days in June.

32 days in June-July.
July-May.

Borage

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower.
Eats leaves, then before pupating it eats the bloom and leaves of the pansies.
---

7 days in August.

23 days in August-September.

3 weeks in September

Bramble

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---

 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Buckthorn

Holly Blue

Egg,


Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---


 

7 days.


28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Buckthorn -
Alder Buckthorn and Common Buckthorn

Brimstone

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg under leaf.

Eats leaves.
---

10 days in May-June.

28 days.
12 days.

Burdocks

Painted Lady

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

2 weeks
7-11days
7-11 days

Cabbages - Large White eats all cruciferous plants, such as cabbages, mustard, turnips, radishes, cresses, nasturtiums, wild mignonette and dyer's weed

Large White
 

Egg,


Caterpillar
Chrysalis

40-100 eggs on both surfaces of leaf.

Eats leaves.
---
 

May-June and August-Early September. 4.5-17 days.
30-32 days
14 days for May-June eggs, or overwinter till April

Cabbages

Small White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on underside of leaf.

Eats leaves.
---
 

May-June and August. 7 days.
28 days
21 days for May-June eggs, or overwinter till March

Cabbages:-
Charlock,
Cuckoo Flower (Lady's Smock),
Hedge-Mustard,
Garlic-Mustard,
Yellow Rocket (Common Winter-Cress),
Watercress

Green-veined White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis


 

1 egg on underside of leaf.

Eats leaves.
---


 

July or August; hatches in 3 days.
16 days.
14 days in July or for caterpillars of August, they overwinter till May.

Cabbages:-
Charlock,
Creeping Yellow-cress,
Cuckoo Flower (Lady's Smock),
Dame's Violet,
Hedge-Mustard,
Horseradish,
Garlic-Mustard,
Lady's Smock,
Large Bittercress,
Rock-cress (Common Winter-Cress),
Yellow Rocket (Common Winter-Cress),
Watercress,
Wild Turnip

Orange Tip

Egg,

Caterpillar

Chrysalis

1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers.
Eats leaves, buds, flowers and especially the seed pods.
---

May-June 7 days.

June-July 24 days.

August-May

Cherry with
Wild Cherry,
Morello Cherry and
Bird Cherry

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem.

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May.
9 days in June.

Clovers 1, 2, 3

Common Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats buds and flowers.


Base of food plant.

-
-
Spend winter at the base of the food plant. They resume feeding in March.
2 weeks.

Clovers 1, 2, 3

Pale Clouded Yellow

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.

 

10 days in May-June.
July-August.
17 days in August-September.

Clovers 1, 2, 3

Clouded Yellow

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
 

6 days in May-June.
30 days.
18 days in July-August.

Cocksfoot is a grass

Large Skipper

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg under leaf.
Eats leaves.
---


11 Months
3 weeks from May

Cow-wheat

(Common CowWheat, Field CowWheat)

Heath Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until end of August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats young leaves until June.
---

Hatches after 16 days in June.
June-April



25 days in June.

Currants
(Red Currant,
Black Currant and Gooseberry)

Comma

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

 

Devilsbit Scabious

Marsh Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until late August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until May.
---

Hatches after 20 days in July.
July-May.



15 days in May.

Dog Violet with
Common Dog Violet,
Heath Dog Violet and
Wood Dog Violet

Silver-washed Fritillary

Egg,
Caterpillar



Chrysalis

1 egg on oak or pine tree trunk
Hibernates in a crevice in the bark of the tree trunk.
Moves out of tree to eat Dog Violet leaves.
On rock or twig.

15 days in July.
August-March.

March-May.

Late June-July

Dog Violet with
Common Dog Violet,
Heath Dog Violet and
Wood Dog Violet

Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf or stem.

Feeds on leaves until July. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats young leaves until May.
---

Hatches after 15 days in May-June.
July-May.



9 days in June.

Dog Violet with
Common Dog Violet,
Heath Dog Violet and
Wood Dog Violet

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf or stem.

Feeds on leaves until July. Hibernates in dead leaves until March. Eats young leaves until April.
---

Hatches after 10 days in May-June.
June-April



April-June.

Dogwood

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---

 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Elm and Wych Elm

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem.

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May.
9 days in June.

False Brome is a grass (Wood Brome, Wood False-brome and Slender False-brome)

Large Skipper

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg under leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

...
11 Months
3 weeks from May

Foxglove

Marsh Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until late August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until May.
---

Hatches after 20 days in July.
July-May



15 days in May.

Fyfield Pea

Wood White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts.
Eats leaves.
---

7 days in June.

32 days in June-July.
July-May.

Garden Pansy

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf or stem.
Feeds on leaves until July. Hibernates in dead leaves until March. Eats young leaves until April.
---

Hatches after 10 days in May-June.
June-April


April-June.

Gorse

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---

 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Heartsease

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower.
Eats leaves, then before pupating it eats the bloom and leaves of the pansies.
---

7 days in August.

23 days in August-September.

3 weeks in September

Hogs's Fennel

Swallowtail

Egg,


Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf.
Eats leaves, and moves to stems of sedges or other fen plants before pupating.
---

14 days in July-August.


August-September.


September-May.

Holly

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---

 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Honesty
(Lunaria biennis)

Orange Tip

Egg,

Caterpillar

Chrysalis

1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers.
Eats leaves, buds, flowers and especially the seed pods.
---

May-June 7 days.

June-July 24 days.

August-May

Honeysuckle

Marsh Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until late August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until May.
---

Hatches after 20 days in July.
July-May.



15 days in May.

Hop

Comma

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

 

Horseshoe vetch

Adonis Blue




Chalk-Hill Blue


Berger's Clouded Yellow

Egg,
Caterpillar

Chrysalis

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Egg,


Caterpillar

Chrysalis

1 egg under leaf.
Eats leaves.

---

1 egg at base of plant.
Eats leaves.
---

1 egg on leaf.


Eats leaves.

---

1 then
June-March or September to July
3 weeks.

Late August-April.
April-June
1 Month

8-10 days in Late May-June or Middle August-September
June-July or September to October
8-15 days

Ivy

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---

 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Kidney Vetch

Chalk-Hill Blue

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis
Butterfly

1 egg at base of plant.
Eats leaves.
---
Eats nectar.

Late August-April.
April-June
1 Month
20 days

Lucerne

Pale Clouded Yellow



Clouded Yellow

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis


Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.



1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

10 days in May-June.
July-August.
17 days in August-September.

6 days in May-June.
30 days.
18 days in July-August.

Mallows

Painted Lady

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

2 weeks
7-11days
7-11 days

Melilot

Clouded Yellow

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
 

6 days in May-June.
30 days.
18 days in July-August.

Mignonettes

Small White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on underside of leaf.

Eats leaves.
---
 

May-June and August. 7 days.
28 days
21 days for May-June eggs, or overwinter till March

Milk Parsley

Swallowtail

Egg,


Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf.
Eats leaves, and moves to stems of sedges or other fen plants before pupating.
---

14 days in July-August.


August-September


September-May

Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain)

Heath Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until end of August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats young leaves until June.
---

Hatches after 16 days in June.
June-April.



25 days in June.

Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain)

Glanville Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until middle of August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until April-May.
---

Hatches after 16 days in June.
June-April.



25 days in April-May.

Nasturtium from Gardens

Small White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on underside of leaf.

Eats leaves.
---
 

May-June and August. 7 days.
28 days.
21 days for May-June eggs, or overwinter till March

Oak Tree

Silver-washed Fritillary

Egg,
Caterpillar



Chrysalis

1 egg on tree trunk
Hibernates in a crevice in the bark of the tree trunk.
Moves out of tree to eat Dog Violet leaves.
On rock or twig.

15 days in July.
August-March.

March-May.

Late June-July

Mountain pansy,
Seaside Pansy,
Field Pansy and Cultivated Pansy.
 

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar

 

Chrysalis

1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower.
Eats leaves of borage, sainfoin and heartsease, then before pupating it eats the bloom and leaves of the pansies.
---

7 days in August.

23 days in August-September
 

3 weeks in September

Pine Tree

Silver-washed Fritillary

Egg,
Caterpillar



Chrysalis

1 egg on tree trunk.
Hibernates in a crevice in the bark of the tree trunk.
Moves out of tree to eat Dog Violet leaves.
On rock or twig.

15 days in July.
August-March.

March-May.

Late June-July

Plantains

Marsh Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until late August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until May.
---

Hatches after 20 days in July.
July-May



15 days in May.

Poplar

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem.

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May.
9 days in June.

Restharrow

Common Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats buds and flowers.


Base of food plant.

-
-
Spend winter at the base of the food plant. They resume feeding in March.
2 weeks

Rock-rose

Brown Argus

Egg,
Caterpillar

1 egg under leaf.
Eats leaves.

 

Sainfoin

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower.
Eats leaves, then before pupating it eats the bloom and leaves of the pansies.
---

7 days in August.

23 days in August-September

3 weeks in September

Common Sallow (Willows, Osiers)

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May.
9 days in June.

Sea Plantain

Glanville Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until middle of August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until April-May.
---

Hatches after 16 days in June.
June-April



25 days in April-May.

Snowberry

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---
 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Spindle-tree

Holly Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

 

1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk.
Eats flower bud.
---

 

7 days.

28-42 days.
18 days. Early September to Late April for second generation.

Stinging Nettle

Comma




Painted Lady



Peacock

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Egg
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Egg,


Caterpillar

Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

Dense mass of 450-500 eggs on the under side of leaves over a 2 hour period.
Eats leaves, and moves to another plant before pupating.
---






2 weeks in June.
7-11 days.
7-11 days.

14 days in April-May.


28 days.

13days.

Storksbill

Brown Argus

Egg,
Caterpillar

1 egg under leaf.
Eats leaves.

 

Thistles

Painted Lady

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

2 weeks
7-11days
7-11 days

Trefoils 1, 2, 3

Clouded Yellow

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
 

6 days in May-June.
30 days.
18 days in July-August.

Vetches

Common Blue

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf.
Eats buds and flowers.


Base of food plant.

-
-
Spend winter at the base of the food plant. They resume feeding in March.
2 weeks

Vetches

Wood White

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts.
Eats leaves.
---

7 days in June.

32 days in June-July.
July-May.

Violets:-
Common Dog Violet,
Hairy Violet,
Heath Dog-violet
Pale Dog violet
Sweet Violet

Dark Green Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg on underside of leaf or on stalk.
Hibernates where it hatches.
Eats leaves.

Base of food plant.

July-August for 17 days.

Spends winter on plant until end of March. Eats leaves until end of May.
4 weeks.

Violets:-
Common Dog Violet,
Hairy Violet,
Heath Dog-violet
Pale Dog violet
Sweet Violet

High Brown Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar

Chrysalis

1 egg on stem or stalk near plant base.
Feed on young leaves, stalks and stems
---

July to hatch in 8 months in March.
9 weeks ending in May.

4 weeks

Vipers Bugloss

Painted Lady

Egg,
Caterpillar
Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf.
Eats leaves.
---

2 weeks.
7-11days.
7-11 days

Whitebeam
(White Beam)

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem.

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May.
9 days in June.

Wild Angelica

Swallowtail

Egg,


Caterpillar


Chrysalis

1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf.
Eats leaves, and moves to stems of sedges or other fen plants before pupating.
---

14 days in July-August.


August-September.


September-May

Willow
(Bay Willow)

Large Tortoiseshell

Egg,

Caterpillar
Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant.
Feeds on leaves.
Hangs suspended from stem.

Hatches after 18-22 days in April.
30 days in May.
9 days in June.

Wood-Sage

Marsh Fritillary

Egg,

Caterpillar



Chrysalis

Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves.
Feeds on leaves until late August. Hibernates on dead leaves until March. Eats leaves until May.
---

Hatches after 20 days in July.
July-May.



15 days in May.

 

Plants used by the Butterflies

Plant Name

Butterfly Name

Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly

Plant Usage

Plant Usage Months

Asters
in gardens

Comma

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

 

Runner and Broad Beans in fields and gardens

Large White


Small White

Butterfly

Eats nectar

April-June or July-September.

March-May or June-September

Aubretia in gardens

Clouded Yellow

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November

Birch

Holly Blue

Butterfly

Eats sap exuding from trunk.

April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation.

Common Birdsfoot Trefoil

Chalk-Hill Blue

Wood White

Marsh Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

20 days.


May-June.

30 days in May-June.

Bitter Vetch

Wood White

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June

Bluebell

Holly Blue




Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation.


June.



June-August.

Bramble

Comma

Silver-washed Fritillary

High Brown Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

July-October.

7 weeks in July-August.



June-August

Buddleias
in gardens

Comma

Peacock

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

July-October.

July-May

Bugle

Wood White

Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Heath Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June.

June.



June-August.



June-July.

Cabbage and cabbages in fields

Large White


Small White


Green-veined White

Orange Tip

Butterfly

Eats nectar

April-June or July-September.

March-May or June-September.

A Month during May-June or second flight in late July-August.

May-June for 18 days.

Charlock

Painted Lady

Butterfly

Eats nectar

July-October

Clovers 1, 2, 3

Adonis Blue



Chalk-Hill Blue

Painted Lady

Peacock

Large White


Small White

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September

20 days in August.


July-October.

July-May.

April-June or July-September.

March-May or June-September

Clovers 1, 2, 3

Pale Clouded Yellow


Clouded Yellow


Berger's Clouded Yellow


Queen of Spain Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November.

1 Month in May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November.

May-September.

Cow-wheat
(Common CowWheat, Field CowWheat)

Heath Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

June-July

Cuckoo Flower (Lady's Smock)

Wood White

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June

Dandelion

Holly Blue



Marsh Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation.

30 days in May-June.

Fleabanes

Common Blue

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

3 weeks between May and September

Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamaedrys - Birdseye Speedwell)

Heath Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

June-July

Greater Knapweed

Comma

Peacock

Clouded Yellow


Brimstone

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

July-October.

July-May.

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November.

12 months

Hawkbit

Marsh Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

30 days in May-June.

Heartsease

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-September

Hedge Parsley

Orange Tip

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

May-June for 18 days.

Hemp agrimony

Comma

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

July-October

Horseshoe vetch

Adonis Blue

Chalk-Hill Blue

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

1 Month.

20 days

Ivy

Painted Lady

Brimstone

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

Hibernates during winter months in its foliage.

July-October.

October-July

Lucerne

Painted Lady

Large White


Small White


Pale Clouded Yellow


Clouded Yellow


Berger's Clouded Yellow

Butterfly

Eats nectar

July-October.

April-June or July-September.

March-May or June-September

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November.

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November.

1 Month in May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November

Marigolds in gardens

Clouded Yellow

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November

Marjoram

Adonis Blue



Chalk-Hill Blue

Common Blue

Clouded Yellow

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September.

20 days in August.


3 weeks in May-September.

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November

Michaelmas Daisies
in gardens

Comma

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

July-October

Mignonettes

Large White


Small White

Butterfly

Eats nectar

April-June or July-September.

March-May or June-September

Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain)

Heath Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

June-July

Nasturtiums in gardens

Large White


Small White

Butterfly

Eats nectar

April-June or July-September

March-May or June-September

Oak Tree

Holly Blue

Butterfly

Eats sap exuding from trunk.

April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation.

Primroses

Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

June.



June-August.

Ragged Robin

Wood White

Heath Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

May-June.

June-July.

Scabious

Painted Lady

Peacock

Butterfly

Eats nectar

July-October.

July-May

Sedum

Peacock

Butterfly

Eats nectar

July-May

Teasels

Silver-washed Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

7 weeks in July-August.

Thistles -
Creeping Thistle, Dwarf Thistle, Marsh Thistle, Meadow Thistle, Melancholy Thistle, Milk Thistle,
Musk Thistle, Seaside Thistle, Scotch Thistle, Spear Thistle, Tuberous Thistle, Welted Thistle, Woolly Thistle

Comma

Painted Lady

Peacock

Swallowtail

Clouded Yellow


Brimstone

Silver-washed Fritillary

High Brown Fritillary

Dark Green Fritillary

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

July-October.

July-October.

July-May.

May-July.

May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November.

12 months.

7 weeks in July-August



June-August.


July-August for 6 weeks.


May-September.



June-August.

Thymes

Common Blue

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

3 weeks between May and September

Trefoils 1, 2, 3

Adonis Blue



Chalk-Hill Blue

Glanville Fritillary

Butterfly

 

Eats nectar.
 

1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September

20 days in August.


June-July

Vetches

Chalk-Hill Blue

Glanville Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar.

20 days in August.


June-July.

Violets

Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

June.



June-August.

Wood-Sage

Heath Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats nectar

June-July

Apple/Pear/Cherry/Plum Fruit Tree Blossom in Spring

Peacock

Butterfly

Eats Nectar

April-May

Rotten Fruit

Peacock

Butterfly

Drinks juice

July-September

Tree sap and damaged ripe fruit, which are high in sugar

Large Tortoiseshell

Butterfly

Hibernates inside hollow trees or outhouses until March. Eats sap or fruit juice until April.

10 months in June-April

Wild Flowers

Large Skipper

Brimstone

Silver-washed Fritillary.

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Butterfly

Eats Nectar

June-August


12 months.

7 weeks in July-August.



May-September

Links to the other Butterflies:-

Black Hairstreak
Brown Hairstreak
Camberwell Beauty
Chequered Skipper
Dingy Skipper
Duke of Burgundy
Essex Skipper
Gatekeeper
Grayling
Green Hairstreak
Grizzled Skipper
Hedge Brown
Large Blue
Large Heath
Long-tailed Blue
Lulworth Skipper
Marbled White
Mazarine Blue
Meadow Brown
Monarch
Northern Brown Argus
Purple Emperor
Purple Hairstreak
Red Admiral
Ringlet
Scotch Argus
Short-tailed Blue
Silver-spotted Skipper
Silver-studded Blue
Small Copper
Small Heath
Small Mountain Ringlet
Small Skipper
Small Tortoiseshell
Speckled Wood
Wall Brown
White Admiral
White-letter Hairstreak

 

Topic - Over 1060 links in this table to a topic in a topic folder or page within that folder of this website
Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CEDAdrive creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.

Companion Planting
A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,
F ,G ,H ,I ,J ,K ,
L ,M ,N ,O ,P ,Q ,
R ,S ,T ,U ,V ,W ,
X, Y, Z
...Pest Control
...using Plants to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected plant or deter its pests

Garden
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Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
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......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.

Plants
...in Chalk
(Alkaline) Soil
......A-F1, A-F2,
......A-F3, G-L, M-R,
......M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy
Clay Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Lime-Free
(Acid) Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Light
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......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z.
...Poisonous Plants.
...Extra Plant Pages
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Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
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Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

Topic -
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If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 or 7 flower colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries, as a low-level Plant Selection Process
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape


Bulb Index
A1, 2, 3, B, C1, 2,
D, E, F, G, Glad,
H, I, J, K, L1, 2,
M, N, O, P, Q, R,
S, T, U, V, W, XYZ
...Allium/ Anemone
...Autumn
...Colchicum/ Crocus
...Dahlia
...Gladiolus with its 40 Flower Colours
......European A-E
......European F-M
......European N-Z
......European Non-classified
......American A,
B, C, D, E, F, G,
 H, I, J, K, L, M,
 N, O, P, Q, R, S,
 T, U, V, W, XYZ
......American Non-classified
......Australia - empty
......India
......Lithuania
...Hippeastrum/ Lily
...Late Summer
...Narcissus
...Spring
...Tulip
...Winter
...Each of the above ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages
...Flower Shape
...Bulb Form
...Bulb Use
...Bulb in Soil

Further details on bulbs from the Infill Galleries:-
Hardy Bulbs
...Aconitum
...Allium
...Alstroemeria
...Anemone
...Amaryllis
...Anthericum
...Antholyzas
...Apios
...Arisaema
...Arum
...Asphodeline
...Asphodelus
...Belamcanda
...Bloomeria
...Brodiaea
...Bulbocodium
...Calochorti
...Cyclobothrias
...Camassia
...Colchicum
...Convallaria 
...Forcing Lily of the Valley
...Corydalis
...Crinum
...Crosmia
...Montbretia
...Crocus
...Cyclamen
...Dicentra
...Dierama
...Eranthis
...Eremurus
...Erythrnium
...Eucomis
...Fritillaria
...Funkia
...Galanthus
...Galtonia
...Gladiolus
...Hemerocallis
...Hyacinth
...Hyacinths in Pots
...Scilla
...Puschkinia
...Chionodoxa
...Chionoscilla
...Muscari
...Iris
...Kniphofia
...Lapeyrousia
...Leucojum
...Lilium
...Lilium in Pots
...Malvastrum
...Merendera
...Milla
...Narcissus
...Narcissi in Pots
...Ornithogalum
...Oxalis
...Paeonia
...Ranunculus
...Romulea
...Sanguinaria
...Sternbergia
...Schizostylis
...Tecophilaea
...Trillium
...Tulip
...Zephyranthus
Half-Hardy Bulbs
...Acidanthera
...Albuca
...Alstroemeri
...Andro-stephium
...Bassers
...Boussing-aultias
...Bravoas
...Cypellas
...Dahlias
...Galaxis,
...Geissorhizas
...Hesperanthas
...Gladioli
...Ixias
...Sparaxises
...Babianas
...Morphixias
...Tritonias
...Ixiolirions
...Moraeas
...Ornithogalums
...Oxalises
...Phaedra-nassas
...Pancratiums
...Tigridias
...Zephyranthes
...Cooperias
Uses of Bulbs:-
...for Bedding
...in Windowboxes
...in Border
...naturalized in Grass
...in Bulb Frame
...in Woodland Garden
...in Rock Garden
...in Bowls
...in Alpine House
...Bulbs in Greenhouse or Stove:-
...Achimenes
...Alocasias
...Amorpho-phalluses
...Arisaemas
...Arums
...Begonias
...Bomareas
...Caladiums
...Clivias
...Colocasias
...Crinums
...Cyclamens
...Cyrtanthuses
...Eucharises
...Urceocharis
...Eurycles
...Freesias
...Gloxinias
...Haemanthus
...Hippeastrums
...Lachenalias
...Nerines
...Lycorises
...Pencratiums
...Hymenocallises
...Richardias
...Sprekelias
...Tuberoses
...Vallotas
...Watsonias
...Zephyranthes
...Plant Bedding in
......Spring
......Summer
...Bulb houseplants flowering inside House during:-
......January
......February
......March
......April
......May
......June
......July
......August
......September
......October
......November
......December
...Bulbs and other types of plant flowering during:-
......Dec-Jan
......Feb-Mar
......Apr-May
......Jun-Aug
......Sep-Oct
......Nov-Dec
...Selection of the smaller and choicer plants for the Smallest of Gardens with plant flowering during the same 6 periods as in the previous selection


Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...A,B,C,D,E,F,G,
...H,I,J,K,L,M,N,
...O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,
...V,W,X,Y,Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evergreen
...Heather Shrub
...Heather Index
......Andromeda
......Bruckenthalia
......Calluna
......Daboecia
......Erica: Carnea
......Erica: Cinerea
......Erica: Others
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evergreen
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...A1,2,B,C,D,E,F,G,
...H,I,J,K,L,M,N,
...O,P1,2,Q,R,S,T,U,
...V,W,XYZ,
...Diascia Photo Album,
...UK Peony Index
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron

Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Pruning Methods
Photo Index R 1, 2, 3
Peter Beales Roses
RV Roger Roses

Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable
Wild Flower and
Butterfly page links are in next row

Topic -
UK Butterfly:-
...Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly Usage
of Plants.
...Plant Usage by
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly.

Both native wildflowers and cultivated plants, with these
...Flower Shape,
...Uses in USA,
...Uses in UK and
...Flo Cols / month are used by Butter-flies native in UK


Wild Flower with its wildflower flower colour page, space,
data page(s).
...Blue Site Map.
Scented Flower, Foliage, Root.
Story of their Common Names.
Use of Plant with Flowers.
Use for Non-Flowering Plants.
Edible Plant Parts.
Flower Legend.
Flowering plants of Chalk and
Limestone 1, 2.
Flowering plants of Acid Soil 1.
...Brown Botanical Names.
Food for
Butterfly/Moth.
...Cream Common Names.
Coastal and Dunes.
Sandy Shores and Dunes.
...Green Broad-leaved Woods.
...Mauve Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk.
...Multi-Cols Heaths and Moors.
...Orange Hedge-rows and Verges.
...Pink A-G Lakes, Canals and Rivers.
...Pink H-Z Marshes, Fens, Bogs.
...Purple Old Buildings and Walls.
...Red Pinewoods.
...White A-D
Saltmarshes.
Shingle Beaches, Rocks and Cliff Tops.
...White E-P Other.
...White Q-Z Number of Petals.
...Yellow A-G
Pollinator.
...Yellow H-Z
Poisonous Parts.
...Shrub/Tree River Banks and other Freshwater Margins. and together with cultivated plants in
Colour Wheel.

You know its
name:-
a-h, i-p, q-z,
Botanical Names, or Common Names,
habitat:-
on Acid Soil,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush,
is a Sedge, or
is Poisonous.

Each plant in each WILD FLOWER FAMILY PAGE will have a link to:-
1) its created Plant Description Page in its Common Name column, then external sites:-
2) to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name column,
3) to see photos in its Flowering Months column and
4) to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.
Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
Arrow-Grass
Arum
Balsam
Bamboo
Barberry
Bedstraw
Beech
Bellflower
Bindweed
Birch
Birds-Nest
Birthwort
Bogbean
Bog Myrtle
Borage
Box
Broomrape
Buckthorn
Buddleia
Bur-reed
Buttercup
Butterwort
Cornel (Dogwood)
Crowberry
Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
Daffodil
Daisy
Daisy Cudweeds
Daisy Chamomiles
Daisy Thistle
Daisy Catsears Daisy Hawkweeds
Daisy Hawksbeards
Daphne
Diapensia
Dock Bistorts
Dock Sorrels
Clubmoss
Duckweed
Eel-Grass
Elm
Filmy Fern
Horsetail
Polypody
Quillwort
Royal Fern
Figwort - Mulleins
Figwort - Speedwells
Flax
Flowering-Rush
Frog-bit
Fumitory
Gentian
Geranium
Glassworts
Gooseberry
Goosefoot
Grass 1
Grass 2
Grass 3
Grass Soft
Bromes 1
Grass Soft
Bromes 2
Grass Soft
Bromes 3
Hazel
Heath
Hemp
Herb-Paris
Holly
Honeysuckle
Horned-Pondweed
Hornwort
Iris
Ivy
Jacobs Ladder
Lily
Lily Garlic
Lime
Lobelia
Loosestrife
Mallow
Maple
Mares-tail
Marsh Pennywort
Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
Mesem-bryanthemum
Mignonette
Milkwort
Mistletoe
Moschatel
Naiad
Nettle
Nightshade
Oleaster
Olive
Orchid 1
Orchid 2
Orchid 3
Orchid 4
Parnassus-Grass
Peaflower
Peaflower
Clover 1
Peaflower
Clover 2
Peaflower
Clover 3
Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
Pink 1
Pink 2
Pipewort
Pitcher-Plant
Plantain
Pondweed
Poppy
Primrose
Purslane
Rannock Rush
Reedmace
Rockrose
Rose 1
Rose 2
Rose 3
Rose 4
Rush
Rush Woodrushes
Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
Sandalwood
Saxifrage
Seaheath
Sea Lavender
Sedge Rush-like
Sedges Carex 1
Sedges Carex 2
Sedges Carex 3
Sedges Carex 4
Spindle-Tree
Spurge
Stonecrop
Sundew
Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
Teasel
Thyme 1
Thyme 2
Umbellifer 1
Umbellifer 2
Valerian
Verbena
Violet
Water Fern
Waterlily
Water Milfoil
Water Plantain
Water Starwort
Waterwort
Willow
Willow-Herb
Wintergreen
Wood-Sorrel
Yam
Yew


Topic -
The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index


Topic -
Flower/Foliage Colour Wheel Galleries with number of colours as a high-level Plant Selection Process

All Flowers 53 with
...Use of Plant and
Flower Shape - page links in bottom row

All Foliage 53
instead of redundant
...(All Foliage 212)

All Flowers
per Month 12

Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers
per Month 12
...Index

Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
Rock Plant Flowers 53 INDEX
A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L,
M, NO, PQ, R, S,
T, UVWXYZ
...Rock Plant Photos

Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours
per Month Index
...All Plants Index


Topic -
Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Uses of Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Uses of Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Uses of Rose
Rose Index
...Bedding 1, 2
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower 1, 2
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container 1, 2
...Hedge 1, 2
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil 1, 2
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES


Topic -
Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag it to your desktop as part of a Plant Selection Process:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord - 1036 photos only inserted so far - Garden Flowers - Start Page of each Gallery
AB1 ,AN14,BA27,
CH40,CR52,DR63,
FR74,GE85,HE96,

Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187
A 1, 2, Photos - 43
B 1, Photos - 13
C 1, Photos - 35
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Photos - 411
with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal
E 1, Photos - 21
F 1, Photos - 1
G 1, Photos - 5
H 1, Photos - 21
I 1, Photos - 8
J 1, Photos - 1
K 1, Photos - 1
L 1, Photos - 85
with Label Problems
M 1, Photos - 9
N 1, Photos - 12
O 1, Photos - 5
P 1, Photos - 54
Q 1, Photos -
R 1, 2, 3,
Photos - 229
S 1, Photos - 111
T 1, Photos - 13
U 1, Photos - 5
V 1, Photos - 4
W 1, Photos - 100
with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams
X 1 Photos -
Y 1, Photos -
Z 1 Photos -
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens - 88
Flower Colour, Num of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-
Rock Garden
within linked page


Topic -
Fragrant Plants as a Plant Selection Process for your sense of smell:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2


Topic -
Website User Guidelines

My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020.

BLUE WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU
 

FLOWER COLOUR Comparison Page,
space,
Site Map page in its flower colour
NOTE Gallery with Continuation Pages from Page 2
...Blue - its page links in next 4 columns.
Use of Plant with Flowers

...Brown Botanical Names

...Cream Common Names, Coastal and Dunes, Sandy Shores and Dunes

...Green Broad-leaved Woods

...Mauve Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk

...Multi-Cols Heaths and Moors

...Orange Hedgerows and Verges

...Pink A-G Lakes, Canals and Rivers

...Pink H-Z Marshes, Fens, Bogs

...Purple Old Buildings and Walls

...Red Pinewoods

...White A-D Saltmarshes. Shingle Beaches, Rocks and Cliff Tops

...White E-P Other

...White Q-Z Number of Petals


...Yellow A-G Pollinator

...Yellow H-Z Poisonous Parts

...Shrub/Tree River Banks and Other Freshwater Margins

BLUE WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU
 

Lists of:-

Edible Plant Parts.

Flower Legend.

Food for
Butterfly/Moth.

Flowering plants of Chalk and Limestone Page 1
Page 2

Flowering plants of Acid Soil
Page 1

SEED COLOUR
Seed 1
Seed 2

BLUE WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU
 

Habitat Lists:-

Coastal and Dunes.

Broad-leaved
Woods.

Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk.

Heaths and Moors.

Hedgerows and Verges.

Lakes, Canals and Rivers.

Marshes, Fens,
Bogs.

Old Buildings and Walls.

Pinewoods.

River Banks and
other Freshwater Margins.

Saltmarshes.

Sandy Shores and Dunes.

Shingle Beaches, Rocks and
Cliff Tops.

Other.
 

BLUE WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU
 

Number of Petals List:-
Without Petals. Other plants
without flowers.
1 Petal or
Composite of
many 1 Petal Flowers as Disc
or Ray Floret .
2 Petals.
3 Petals.
4 Petals.
5 Petals.
6 Petals.
Over 6 Petals.

BLUE WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU
 

Lists of:-

Pollinator.

Poisonous Parts.

Scented Flower, Foliage, Root.

Story of their Common Names.

Use of Plant with Flowers

Use for Non-Flowering Plants

DUCKWEED TO FERN WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU


Site Map of pages with content (o)

Introduction

SEED COLOUR
(o)Seed 3

BED PICTURES
(o)Bed 1
(o)Bed 2

 

 

 

 

 

WILD FLOWER GALLERY
PAGE MENU
Site Map of pages with content (o)

Introduction

Poisonous Plants


INDEX LINK TO WILDFLOWER PLANT DESCRIPTION PAGE
a-h
i-p
q-z


FLOWER COLOUR
(o)Blue
(o)Brown
(o)Cream
(o)Green
(o)Mauve
(o)Multi-Coloured
Orange
(o)Pink 1
(o)Pink 2
(o)Purple
(o)Red
(o)White1
(o)White2
(o)White3
(o)Yelow1
(o)Yelow2
(o)Shrub or Small Tree


SEED COLOUR
(o)Seed 1
(o)Seed 2

BED PICTURES
(o)Bed

HABITAT TABLES
Flowers in
Acid Soil
Flowers in
Chalk Soil
Flowers in
Marine Soil
Flowers in
Neutral Soil
Ferns
Grasses
Rushes
Sedges

WILDFLOWER INDEX
Botanical Name
Common Name
 

 

See Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines to aid your use of this website.

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 1


(o)Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
(o)Arrow-Grass
(o)Arum
(o)Balsam
Bamboo
(o)Barberry
(o)Bedstraw
(o)Beech
(o)Bellflower
(o)Bindweed
(o)Birch
(o)Birds-Nest
(o)Birthwort
(o)Bogbean
(o)Bog Myrtle
(o)Borage
(o)Box
(o)Broomrape
(o)Buckthorn
(o)Buddleia
(o)Bur-reed
(o)Buttercup
(o)Butterwort
(o)Cornel (Dogwood)
(o)Crowberry
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
(o)Daffodil
(o)Daisy
(o)Daisy Cudweeds
(o)Daisy Chamomiles
(o)Daisy Thistle
(o)Daisy Catsears (o)Daisy Hawkweeds
(o)Daisy Hawksbeards
(o)Daphne
(o)Diapensia
(o)Dock Bistorts
(o)Dock Sorrels

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 2


(o)Clubmoss
(o)Duckweed
(o)Eel-Grass
(o)Elm
(o)Filmy Fern
(o)Horsetail
(o)Polypody
Quillwort
(o)Royal Fern
(o)Figwort - Mulleins
(o)Figwort - Speedwells
Family
(o)Flax
(o)Flowering-Rush
(o)Frog-bit
(o)Fumitory
(o)Gentian
(o)Geranium
(o)Glassworts
(o)Gooseberry
(o)Goosefoot
(o)Grass 1
(o)Grass 2
(o)Grass 3
(o)Grass Soft Bromes 1
(o)Grass Soft Bromes 2
(o)Grass Soft Bromes 3 (o)Hazel
(o)Heath
(o)Hemp
(o)Herb-Paris
(o)Holly
(o)Honeysuckle
(o)Horned-Pondweed
(o)Hornwort
(o)Iris
(o)Ivy
(o)Jacobs Ladder
(o)Lily
(o)Lily Garlic
(o)Lime
(o)Lobelia
(o)Loosestrife
(o)Mallow
(o)Maple
(o)Mares-tail
(o)Marsh Pennywort
(o)Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
 

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 3


(o)Mesem-bryanthemum
(o)Mignonette
(o)Milkwort
(o)Mistletoe
(o)Moschatel
Naiad
(o)Nettle
(o)Nightshade
(o)Oleaster
(o)Olive
(o)Orchid 1
(o)Orchid 2
(o)Orchid 3
(o)Orchid 4
(o)Parnassus-Grass
(o)Peaflower
(o)Peaflower Clover 1
(o)Peaflower Clover 2
(o)Peaflower Clover 3
(o)Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
(o)Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
(o)Pink 1
(o)Pink 2
Pipewort
(o)Pitcher-Plant
(o)Plantain
(o)Pondweed
(o)Poppy
(o)Primrose
(o)Purslane
Rannock Rush
(o)Reedmace
(o)Rockrose
(o)Rose 1
(o)Rose 2
(o)Rose 3
(o)Rose 4
(o)Rush
(o)Rush Woodrushes
(o)Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
(o)Sandalwood
(o)Saxifrage
 

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 4


Seaheath
(o)Sea Lavender
(o)Sedge Rush-like
(o)Sedges Carex 1
(o)Sedges Carex 2
(o)Sedges Carex 3
(o)Sedges Carex 4
(o)Spindle-Tree
(o)Spurge
(o)Stonecrop
(o)Sundew
(o)Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
(o)Teasel
(o)Thyme 1
(o)Thyme 2
(o)Umbellifer 1
(o)Umbellifer 2
(o)Valerian
(o)Verbena
(o)Violet
(o)Water Fern
(o)Waterlily
(o)Water Milfoil
(o)Water Plantain
(o)Water Starwort
Waterwort
(o)Willow
(o)Willow-Herb
(o)Wintergreen
(o)Wood-Sorrel
(o)Yam
(o)Yew

The English Flower Garden Design, Arrangement, and Plans followed by A description of all the best plants for it and their culture and the positions fitted for them By W. Robinson Author of the "Wild Garden". Fourth Edition. Published by John Murray in London in 1895 is a useful source of culture and positions for them, as is
The Gardener' Golden Treasury incorporating Sanders Encyclopedia of Gardening. Revised by A.G.L. Hellyer and published in 1960 by W.H. & L. Collingridge Limited.

Botanical Names with Common Name, Wild Flower Family, Flower Colour and Form Index of each of all the Wildflowers of the UK in 1965 are in Brown Wildflower Gallery with page links in the top row.
Common Names with Botanical Name, Wild Flower Family, Flower Colour and Form Index of each of all the Wildflowers of the UK in 1965 are in Cream Wildflower Gallery with page links in the top row.
Plant description, culture, propagation and photos/illustrations will be provided for every wildflower plant (February 2021) in these 2 galleries.
 

See Wildflower Common Name Index link Table for more wildflower of the UK common names - from Adder's Tongue to the Goosefoot Family - together with their names in languages from America, Finland, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain and Sweden.
See Wildflower Botanical Name Index link table for wildflower of the United Kingdom (Great Britain) botanical names, from Adder's Tongue to the Goosefoot Family.
Neither of the above 2 pages will be further updated, due to 1. Running out of space on each of the pages and 2. being replaced by the Botanical Names and Common Names Galleries from July 2020.
After clicking on the WILD FLOWER Common Name INDEX link to Wildflower Family Page; locate that Common name on that Wildflower Family Page, then
Click on Underlined Text in:-
Common Name to view that Plant Description Page
Botanical Name to link to Plant or Seed Supplier
Flowering Months to view photos
Habitat to view further Natural Habitat details and Botanical Society of the British Isles Distribution Map
 

 

A

G

M

S

 

World Atlas of Seagrasses by Edmund P. Green and Frederick T. Short - "a group of about sixty species of underwater marine flowering plants, grow in the shallow marine and estuary environments of all the world's continents except Antarctica. The primary food of animals such as manatees, dugongs, and green sea turtles, and critical habitat for thousands of other animal and plant species, seagrasses are also considered one of the most important shallow-marine ecosystems for humans, since they play an important role in fishery production. Though they are highly valuable ecologically and economically, many seagrass habitats around the world have been completely destroyed or are now in rapid decline. The World Atlas of Seagrasses is the first authoritative and comprehensive global synthesis of the distribution and status of this critical marine habitat. "

 

 

 

Ferns in Britain and Ireland - A guide to ferns, horsetails, clubmosses
and quillworts

by Roger Golding:-

"Welcome to the Fern Site. This is a work in progress, so please be aware that I am continually adding to it and updating it. The current version contains images of most species of British and Irish ferns, including established alien species; also some subspecies and varieties. It does not yet cover hybrids - I hope to be able to include those soon."

The above online superb site shows a plant so that you can identify it using photos and text. Click on each of his thumbnails to have a larger image added to the screen.

Killarney Fern,
Scottish Filmy Fern,
(Wilson's Filmy Fern) and
Tunbridge Filmy Fern
are detailed in the
Filmy Fern Family, but not in the Common Name or Botanical Name Galleries

 

 

 

The New Zealand Electronic Text Centre has under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 New Zealand Licence produced the following information from Chapter IX - Ferns for the Open Garden from The Cultivation of New Zealand Plants by L.Cockayne published by Whitcombe and Tombs Limited, 1923, Auckland:-

"No descriptions are given. The leaves of ferns are too complex in form to allow of a useful brief description. However, photographs of all the species are to be seen in H. B. Dobbie's, "New Zealand Ferns," and to this book readers are referred.

Class 1.—Ferns requiring no shade in dry districts.

Blechnum (Lomaria) penna marina, (vh.); Cheilanthes Sieberi, (vh.), alpine-garden, dry ground; Doodia media, (hh.); Histiopteris (Pteris) incisa, (vh.); Hypolepis millefolium, (vh.); Lindsaya linearis, (vh.), grows in bogs; Notochlaena distans, (vh.); Paesia (Pteris) scaberula, (vh.), will grow in full sunshine in Christchurch.

Class 2.—Ferns requiring only the minimum amount of shade.

Asplenium bulbiferum, (vh.), there are many forms differing somewhat in their shade-requirements; A. flabellifolium, (vh.); A. flaccidum, (vh.), there are many forms; A. Hookerianum, (vh.); A. lucidum, (vh.), A. oblusatum and its allies, (vh.); Blechnum (Lomaria) Banksii, (vh.); B. capense (vh.) grows under many conditions. and changes its form greatly according to habitat; B. (L.) durum, (vh.); Cyathea dealbata (ponga, silver tree-fern, vh.); C. medullaris (mamaku, black tree-fern. h.); Cyclophorus (Polypodium) serpens (vh.) comes of its own accord in the wetter districts on rough-barked, exotic trees, e.g., Cupressus macrocarpa and elderberry (Sambucus niger); Dicksonia fibrosa, (vh); D. squarrosa wheki, vh.); Dryopteris (Polypodium) punctata, (vh.); Gleichenia circinata. (vh.); G. dicarpa, (vh.), these last two difficult to establish from wild plants; Hypolepis distans, (h.); H. tenuifolia, (vh.); Loxsoma Cunninghamii, (hh.); Pellaea falcata, (vh.); P. rotundifolia, (vh.); Polypodium diversifolium (Billardieri of all New Zealand books on ferns), (vh.); Polystichum (Aspidium) Richardi, (vh.); P. vestitum (A. aculeatum var. vestitum), (vh.); Todaea barbara, (hh.).

Class 3.—Ferns requiring a moderate amount of shade.

Adiantum aethiopicum, (h.); A. affine, (vh.); A. fulvum, (h.); A. hispidulum, (hh.); Alsophila Colensoi (vh.) has its trunk mostly underground; Blechnum (Lomaria) discolor, (vh.); B. (L.) filiforme, (hh.); B. (L.) Fraseri, (hh.); B. (L.) lanceolatum, (vh.); B. (L.) vulcanicum, (vh.); Dicksonia lanata, (h.); Dryopteris (Nephrodium) glabella, (vh.); D. (N.) hispida, (vh.) D. (N.) velutina, (h.); Gleichenia Cunninghamii (umbrella-fern, vh.), difficult to establish; Hemitelia Smithii, (vh.); Leptolepia (Davallia) novae-zelandiae, (vh.); Lindsaya cuneata (trichomanoides), (vh.); Polypodium dictyopteris (Cunninghamii), (hh.); P. novae-zelandiae, (vh.); P. pustulatum, (h.); Polystichum adiantiforme (capense), (vh.); Pteris macilenta, (hh.); P. tremula, (hh.).

Class 4.—Ferns requiring a considerable amount of shade.

Adiantum formosum, (hh.); Asplenium Colensoi, (vh.); A. Richardi, (vh.); A. umbrosum, (hh.); Blechnum (Lomaria) fluviatile, (vh.); B. (L.) Pattersoni, (vh.), grows in drip of water or extremely wet ground; Cystopteris novae-zealandiae (fragilis of New Zealand authors—vh.); Dryopteris (Nephrodium) decomposita (h.); D. (Polypodium) pennigera, (vh.); Gleichenia flabellata, (hh.), difficult to establish: Leptopteris (Todaea) hymenophylloides, (vh.); Lindsaya viridis, (h.); Lygodium articulatum, (hh.); Marattia fraxinea (para, king-fern, hh.)."

........

World fern statistics by country with reference works.

Lists of the 12838 species of the Ferns and Fern Allies genus, giving current name, authority, synonyms, published references, geographic distribution and sometimes illustrations or a full data-set on CD from Brian Swale.

Achillea millefolium
Achillea ptarmica
Achyrophorus
maculatus
Aconitum anglicum
Aconitum cammarum
Aconitum napellus
Acorus calamus
Actaea spicata
Adiantum capillus-
veneris
Adonis annua
Aesculus
hippocastanum
Aetopteron lonchitis
Agropyron biflorum
Agropyron
campestre
Agropyron caninum
Agropyron donianum
Agropyron junceiforme
Agropyron junceum
Agropyron littorale
Agropyron pungens
Agropyron pycnanthum
Agropyron repens
Agrosis alba
Agrostis canina
ssp canina
Agrostis capillaris
Agrostis curtisii
Agrostis gigantea
Agrostis interrupta
Agrostis maritima
Agrostis nebulosa hort
Agrostis nigra
Agrostis palustris
Agrostis semiverticillata
Agrostis setacea
Agrostis spica-venti
Agrostis stolonifera
Agrostis stolonifera
var. compacta
Agrostis stolonifera
var. palustris
Agrostis sylvatica
Agrostis tenuis
Agrostis ventricosa
Agrostis verticillata
Agrostis vinealis
Agrostis viridis
Aira caryophyllea
Aira cristata
Aira macrantha
Aira praecox
Alliaria officinalis
Alliaria petiolata
Alnus cordata
Alnus glutinosa
Alopecurus aequalis
Alopecurus alpinus
Alepecurus borealis
Alopecurus bulbosus
Alopecurus
geniculatus
Alopecurus
myosuroides
Alopecurus
pratensis
Alopecurus
ventricosus
Alyssum alyssoides
Alyssum calycinum
Alyssum campestre
Alyssum maritima
Alyssum minus
Amaranthus albus
Amaranthus
chlorostachys
Amaranthus cruentus
Amaranthus hybridus
Amaranthus
paniculatus
Amaranthus
retroflexus
Ammophila arenaria
Armoracia lapathifolia
Armoracia rusticana
Anaphalis
margaritacea
Anchusa arvensis
Anemone apennina
Anemone nemorosa
Anemone pulsatilla
Anemone
ranunculoides
Anisantha madritensis
Anisantha sterilis
Anogramma
caespitosa
Anogramma
leptophylla
Antennaria dioica
Anthemis arvensis
Anthemis cotula
Anthemis tinctoria
Anthoxanthum
nitens
Anthoxanthum
odoratum
Antirrhinum asarina
Antirrhinum majus
Antirrhinum saxatile
Apera interrupta
Apera spica-venti
Aponogeton distachyos
Aquilegia pyrenaica
Aquilegia vulgaris
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabis alpina
Arabis brownii
Arabis caucasica
Arabis collina
Arabis glabra
Arabis hirsuta
Arabis petiolata
Arabis petraea
Arabis rosea
Arabis scabra
Arabis stricta
Arabis thaliana
Arabis turrita
Aristolochia clematitis
Arrhenatherum elatius
Arrhenatherum
pratense
Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia campestris
Artemesia caudata
Artemesia
chamae-melifolia
Artemesia forwoodii
Artemisia maritima
Artemisia norvegica
Artemisia verlotiorum
Artemisia vulgaris
Arthrocnemum perenne
Arundo phragmites
Arundo vulgaris
Aspidium lonchitis
Aster linosyris
Arum italicum
Arum italicum subsp. neglectum Arum maculatum
Arum neglectum
Arundinaria
jaunsarensis
Arundinaria simonii
Arundinaria vagans
Asarina
procumbens
Asarum europaeum
Asperugo procumbens
Asperula cynanchica
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum
Asplenium marinum
Asplenium obovatum
Asplenium ruta-muraria
Asplenium
septentrionale
Asplenium trichomanes
Asplenium viride
Aster eminens
Aster junceus
Aster longifolius
Aster novi-belgii
Aster salicfolius
Aster tripolium
Athanasia maritima
Athyrium alpestre
Athyrium distentifolium
Athyrium
filix-femina
Atriplex deltoidea
Atriplex glabriuscula
Atriplex hastata
Atriplex laciniata
Atriplex littoralis
Atriplex patula
Atriplex portulacoides
Atriplex prostrata
Atriplex sabulosa
Avena byzantina
Avena fatua
Avena flavescens
Avena pratensis
Avena pubescens
Avena sativa
Avena sativa
var. orientalis
Avena strigosa
Avenochloa
pratensis
Avenochloa pubescens
Avenula pratensis
Avenula pubescens

Galanthus nivalis
Galinsoga aristulata
Galinsoga bicolorata
Galinsoga caracasana
Galinsoga ciliata
Galinsoga parviflora
Galinsoga
quadriradiata
Galium album
Galium aparine
Galium boreale
Galium cruciata
Galium debile
Galium erectum
Galium mollugo
Galium odoratum
Galium palustre
Galium parisiense
Galium pumilum
Galium saxatile
Galium tricorne
Galium tricornutum
Galium uliginosum Galium verum
Gastridium australe
Gastridium phleoides
Gastridium
ventricosum
Gentiana nivalis
Gentiana
pneumonanthe
Gentiana verna
Gentianella amarella
Gentianella
amarella ssp septentrionalis
Gentianella anglica
Gentianella
campestris
Gentianella
germanica
Gentianella
propinqua
Gentianella septentrionalis
Gentianella uliginosa
Geranium
columbinum
Geranium dissectum
Geranium endressi
Geranium laxum
Geranium lucidum
Geranium
macrorrhizum
Geranium molle
Geranium nodosum
Geranium phaeum
Geranium pratense
Geranium purpureum
Geranium pusillum
Geranium
pyrenaicum
Geranium
robertianum
Geranium
rotundifolium
Geranium
sanguineum
Geranium striatum
Geranium sylvaticum
Geranium versicolor
Glaux maritima
Glebionis segetum
Glyceria fluitans
Glyceria rigida
Gnaphalium
luteoalbum
Gnaphalium
norvegicum
Gnapalium sylvaticum
Gnaphalium supinum
Gnaphalium
uliginosum
Gnaphalium
undulatum
Goulardia canina
Guepinia nudicaulis
Gymnocarpium dryopteris

Mahonia aquifolium
Matricaria
chamomilla
Matricaria discoidea
Matricaria
matricarioides
Matricaria recutita
Matthiola incana
Matthiola sinuata
Melampyrum
arvense
Melampyrum
cristatum
Melampyrum
pratense
Melampyrum
sylvaticum
Melanosinapis nigra
Menyanthes trifoliata
Mertensia maritima
Mibora minima
Milium effusum
Milium scabrum
Millegrana radiola
Mimulus guttatus
Mimulus luteus
Mimulus moschatus
Misopates orontium
Monotropa hypopitys
Myagrum paniculatum
Myagrum sativum
Mycelis muralis
Myosotis alpestris
Myosotis arvensis
Myosotis brevifolia
Myosotis caespitosa
Myosotis discolor
Myosotis hispida
Myosotis laxa
Myosotis lingulata
Myosotis palustris
Myosotis ramosissima
Myosotis repens
Myosotis scorpioides
Myosotis secunda
Myosotis sicula
Myosotis stolonifera
Myosotis sylvatica
Myosotis uliginosa
Myosurus minimus
Myra rugosum
Myrica gale

Salicornia ambigua
Salicornia dolichostachya
Salicornia europaea
Salicornia maritima
Salicornia perennis
Salicornia prostrata
Salicornia pusilla
Salicornia ramosissima
Salsola kali
Salsola kali subsp. kali L
Salsola kali subsp. ruthenica
Salsola pestifera
Salsola tragus
Sarcocornia
perennis
Sasaella ramosa
Sasa palmata
Sasa ramosa
Savastana nashii
Savastana odorata
Scleropoa rigida
Scorzonera humilis
Scorzoneroides autumnalis
Scrophularia
aquatica
Scrophularia auriculata
Scrophularia scorodonia
Scrophularia nodosa
Scrophularia umbrosa
Scrophularia
vernalis
Secale cereale
Secale montanum
Secale strictum
Selaginella selaginoides
Semiarundinaria fastuosa
Senecio aquaticus
Senecio campestris
Senecio capitatus
Senecio cineraria
Senecio erucifolius
Senecio fluviatilis
Senecio integrifolius
Senecio jacobaea
Senecio saracenicus
Senecio smithii
Senecio squalidus
Senecio sylvaticus
Senecio viscosus
Senecio vulgaris
Seriphidium maritimum
Sesleria caerulea
Setaria italica
Setaria italica var. metzgeri
Seteria italica var. stramineofructa
Setaria viridis
Sherardia arvensis
Sibthorpia europaea
Sinapis alba
Sinapis arvensis
Sinapis incana
Sinapis juncea
Sinapis nasturtiifolium
Sinapis nigra
Sisymbrium alliaria
Sisymbrium altissimum
Sisymbrium gallicum
Sisymbrium islandicum
Sisymbrium loeslelii
Sisymbrium monense
Sisymbrium murale
Sisymbrium nasturtium
Sysmbrium nasturtium-aquaticum
Sisymbrium officinale
Sisymbrium irio
Sisymbrium orientale
Sisymbrium sophia
Sisymbrium tenuifolium
Sisymbrium thalianum
Solidago altissima
Solidago canadensis
Solidago gigantea
Solidago serotina
Solidago serotinoides
Solidago virgaurea
Solidago x leiophallax
Sonchus asper
Sonchus arvensis
Sonchus oleraceus
Sonchus palustris
Sonoma alopecurus
Sparganium angustifolium
Sparganium emersum
Sparganium erectum
Sparganium minimum
Sparganium natans
Sparganium simplex
Spartina anglica
Spartina maritima
Spartina stricta
Spartina townsendii
Spirodela polyrhiza
Stipa membranacea
Stratiodes aloides
Suaeda fruticosa
Suaeda maritima
Suaeda vera
Suaeda vera Forsskal ex J. F. Gmelin
Subularia aquatica
Symphyotrichum longifolium
Symphytum asperum
Symphytum asperum x officinale
Symphytum officinale
Symphytum orientale
Symphytum tuberosum
Symphytum x uplandicum
Synaphe rigida
Syntherisma sanguinalis

B

H

N

T

Barbarea arcuata
Barbarea intermedia
Barbarea praecox
Barbarea stricta
Barbarea verna
Barbarea vulgaris
Barbarea vulgaris var. arcuata
Barbarea vulgaris var. brachyc
Barbarea vulgaris var. longisi
Barbarea vulgaris var. sylvest
Bartsia alpina
Bartsia odontites
Bellis perennis
Berberis vulgaris
Berteroa incana
Beta vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima
Betula nana
Betula pendula
Betula pubescens
Betula verrucosa
Bidens cernua
Bidens frondosa
Bidens tripartita
Blackstonia
perfoliata
Blechnum spicant
Borago officinalis
Botrychium lunaria
Brachypodium
caninum
Brachypodium
pinnatum
Brachypodium
sylvaticum
Brassica adpressa
Brassica alba
Brassica arvensis
Brassica campestris
Brassica hirta
Brassica napus
Brassica nigra
Brassica nigra var. abyssinica
Brassica oleracea
Brassica sinapioides
Brassica sinapistrum
Brassicella monensis
Brassicella wrightii
Bromus breviaristatus
Bromus carinatus
Bromus
commutatus
Bromus hordeaceus
Bromus hordeacus
L. ssp. hordeaceus
Bromus laciniatus
Bromus lepidus
Bromus madritensis
Bromus marginatus
Bromus mollis
Bromus pinnatus
Bromus
pseudosecalinus
Bromus racemosus
Bromus secalinus
Bromus secalinus
subsp pseudosecalinus
Bromus sterilis
Bromus villosus
Buddleja davidii
Buglossoides arvensis
Buglossoides purpurocaerulea
Bunias orientalis
Butomus
umbellatus
Buxus sempervirens

Halimione
portulacoides
Helichrysum
luteoalbum
Helictotrichon
pubescens
Helictotrichon
pratense
Helleborus foetidus
Helleborus viridis
Hesperis matronalis
Hierochloe fragrans
Hierochloe nashii
Hierochloe odorata
Hirschfeldia incana
Holcus lanatus
Holcus mollis
Holcus odoratus
Homogyne alpina
Hordelymus
europaeus
Hordeum aegiceras
Hordeum distichon
Hordeum europaeum
Hordeum
hexastichon
Hordeum irregulare
Hordeum marinum
Hordeum murinum Hordeum sativum
Hordeum secalinum
Hordeum sylvaticum
Hordeum vulgare
Hornungia alpina
Hornungia petraea
Huperzia selago
Hutchinsia alpina
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae
Hymenophyllum peltatum
Hymenophyllum tunbrigense
Hymenophyllum
wilsonii
Hymenophyllum unilaterale
Hypochaeris carpatica
Hypochaeris glabra
Hypochaeris maculata
Hypochaeris radicata
Hypopeltis lonchitis

Nanozostera
americana
Narcissus obvallaris
Narcissus
pseudonarcissus
Narcissus
pseudonarcissus
subsp. obvallaris
Narcissus
pseudoncissus subsp. pseudonarcissus
Nardosmia japonica
Nardus stricta
Nasturtium
aquaticum
Nasturtium armoricia
Nasturtium
austriacum
Nasturtium fontanum
Nasturtium
microphyllum
Nasturtium
nasturtium-aquatica
Nasturtium officinale
Nasturtium officinalis
Nasturtium sylvestre
Nasturtium x sterile
Neslia paniculata
Nothoholcus lanatus
Nymphoides peltata

Tanacetum parthenium
Tanacetum vulgare
Teesdalia iberis
Teesdalia nudicaulis
Tephroseris integrifolia
Thalictrum alpinum
Thalictrum aquilegifolium
Thalictrum flavum
Thalictrum minus
Thelypteris dryopteris
Thelypteris oreopteris
Thlaspi alliaceum
Thlaspi alpestre
Thlaspi alpinum
Thlaspi arvense
Thlaspi bursa-pastoris
Thalspi campestre
Thalspi carulescens
Thlaspi nudicaulis
Thlaspi perfoliatum
Thelycrania sanguinea
Thelypteris palustris
Thelypteris phegopteris
Thelypteris robertiana
Thinopyrum pycnanthum
Torresia odorata
Trachystemon orientalis
Tragopogon porrifolius
Tragopogon pratensis
Trichomanes andrewsii
Trichomanes radicans
Trichomanes speciosum
Tricum pungens
Triglochin maritima
Triglochin maritimum
Triglochin palustre
Triglochin palustris
Tripleurospermum maritimum
Trisetum flavescens
Triticum aestivum
Triticum biflorum
Triticum caninum
Triticum cereale
Triticum farctum
Triticum junceum
Triticum repens
Triticum rupestre
Triticum vaillantianum
Trollius europaeus
Tsitsmati
Turritis glabra
Turritis hirsuta
Tussilago farfara

 

C

I

O

U

 

Cakile maritima
Calamagrostis epigejos
Calamagrostis
california
Calamagrostis
canadensis
Calamagrostis
canescens
Calamagrostis
chordorrhiza
Calamagrostis
crassiglumis
Calamagrostis expansa
Calamagrostis fernaldi
Calamagrostis
inexpansa
Calamagrostis
labridorica
Calamagrostis lacustris
Calamagrostis
lapponica
Calamagrostis
pickeringii
Calamagrostis robertii
Calamagrostis stricta
Calamaria lacustris
Caltha palustris
Calystegia sepium
Calystegia silvatica
Calystegia soldanella
Calystegia sylvestris
Camelina parodii
Camelina pilosa
Camelina sativa
Campanula alliariifolia
Campanula glomerata
Campanula latifolia
Campanula medium
Campanula patula
Campanula
rapunculoides
Campanula rapunculus
Campanula rotundifolia
Campanula trachelium
Campe barbarea
Canadian
Waterweed
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Capsella nudicaulis
Cardamine amara
Cardamine bulbifera
Cardamine corymbosa
Cardamine flexuosa
Cardamine hirsuta
Cardamine hirsuta var. corymbosa
Cardamine hirsute
Cardamine impatiens
Cardamine pratensis
Cardaminopsis petraea
Cardaria draba
Capsella rubella
Castanea sativa
Catapodium loliaceum
Catapodium
marinum
Catapodium rigidum
Centaurium capitatum
Centaurium erythraea
Centaurium littorale
Centaurium minus
Centaurium pulchellum
Centaurium
scilloides
Centaurium tenuiflorum
Centaurium umbellatum
Ceratocapnos claviculata
Ceterach officinarum
Ceratochloa
carinata
Chaenorhinum
minus
Chaetochloa italica
Chamaemelum nobile
Chamae-periclymenum suecicum
Cheiranthus cheiri
Cheiranthus sinuatus
Cheirinia cheiranthoides
Chenopodium album
Chenopodium botryoides
Chenopodium chenopodioides
Chenopodium glaucum
Chenopodium bonus-henricus
Chenopodium ficifolium
Chenopodium hybridum
Chenopodium
opulifolium
Chenopodium
polyspermum
Chenopodium rubrum
Chenopodium serotinum
Chenopodium urbicum
Chenopodium vulvaria
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum
Chrysanthemum parthenium
Chrysanthemum
segetum
Chrysanthemum
vulgare
Chrysocoma
linosyris
Cicendia filiformis
Cicerbita alpina
Cicerbita macrophylla
Cineraria maritima
Clematis flammula
Clematis vitalba
Clematis viticella
Clypeola alyssoides
Clypeola campestris
Cochlearia alpina
Cochlearia anglica
Cochlearia armorica
Cochlearia danica
Cochlearia fenestrata
Cochlearia macrocarpa
Cochlearia officinalis
Cochlearia officinalis
var. alpina
Cochlearia pyrenaica
subsp. alpina
Coincya monensis
Coincya monensis
subsp. cheiranthos
Coincya monensis
subsp. monensis
Coincya wrightii
Consolida ajacis
Consolida ambigua
Consolida orientalis
Convolvulus arvensis
Conyza canadensis
Cornus sanguinea
Cornus suecica
Coronopus didymus
Coronopus squamatus
Corydalis
claviculata
Corydalis lutea
Corydalis solida
Corynephorus
canescens
Cota tinctoria
Cotula coronopifolia
Crambe maritima
Crambe pontica
Crinitaria linosyris
Crithmum maritimum
Cruciata laevipes
Cruciform teesdalia
Cryptogramma crispa
Cuscuta epithymum
Cuscuta europaea
Cymbalaria muralis
Cynodon dactylon
Cynoglossum
germanicum
Cynoglossum officinale
Cynosurus cristatus
Cystopteris fragilis
Cystopteris montana

Iberis amara
Iberis coronaria
Impatiens
glandulifera
Impatiens
noli-tangere
Impatiens parviflora
Inula conyza
Inula crithmoides
Inula helenium
Inula salicina
Isatis tinctoria
Isoetes echinospora
Isoetes histrix
Isoetes lacustris
Isoetes macrospora
Isoetes rossica

Odontites vernus
Odontites vulgaris
Oligosporus
campestris
Omalotheca supina
Omphalodes verna
Ophioglossum
lusitanicum
Ophioglossum
vulgatum
Oreopteris
limbosperma
Orobanche alba
Orobanche
artemisiae-
campestris
Orobanche
caryophyllacea
Orobanche elatior
Orobanche hederae
Orobanche loricata
Orobanche maritima
Orobanche minor
Orobanche picridis
Orobanche purpurea
Orobanche
rapum-genistae
Osmunda regalis
Otanthus maritimus

Ulmus campestris
Ulmus carpinifolia
Ulmus diversifolia
Ulmus glabra
Ulmus minor
Ulmus procera
Urostachys selago
Utricularia intermedia
Utricularia minor
Utricularia vulgaris

 

D

J

P

V

 

Dactylis glomerata
Delphinium orientale
Dentaria bulbifera
Deschampsia alpina
Deschampsia
caespitosa
Deschampsia
cespitosa
Deschampsia
cespitosa subsp. alpina
Deschampsia
cespitosa
ssp. glauca
Deschampsia flexuosa
Deschampsia
setacea
Descurainia sophia
Desmazeria marina
Desmazeria rigida
Diotis candidissima
Diotis maritima
Diphasium alpinum
Diaphasiastrum
alpinum
Digitalis purpurea
Digitaria sanguinalis
Diplotaxis muralis
Diplotaxis tenuifolia
Doronicum
pardalianches
Draba aizoides
Draba incana
Draba muralis
Draba norvegica
Draba obconica
Dryopteris abbreviata
Dryopteris aemula
Dryopteris affinis
Dryopteris borreri
Dryopteris carthusiana
Dryopteris cristata
Dryopteris dilatata
Dryopteris expansa
Dryopteris filix-mas
Dryopteris lonchitis
Dryopteris oreades
Fomin
Dryopteris phegopteris
Dryopteris spinulosa
Dryopteris
submontana
Dryopteris villarii

Jasione montana
Juncus bufonius
Juniperus communis

Panicularia fluitans
Panicum crus-galli
Panicum italicum
Panicum miliaceum
Panicum sanguinale
Parentucellia
viscosa
Parapholis incurva
Parapholis strigosa
Pedicularis palustris
Pedicularis sylvatica
Pentaglottis
sempervirens
Petasites albus
Petasites fragrans
Petasites hybridus
Petasites japonicus
Phalaris arundinacea
Phalaris canariensis
Phalaris minor
Phegopteris
connectilis
Phegopteris
polypodioides
Phleum alpinum
Phleum alpinum
var. commutatum
Phleum arenarium
Phleum
commutatum
Phleum
commutatum
Gaudin var.
americanum
Phleum nodosum
Phleum phleoides
Phleum pratense
Phleum pratense
nodosum
Phragmites
communis
Phragmites
communis
var. longi
Phragmites australis
Phragmites
longivalvis
Phragmites vulgaris
Phragmites vulgaris
var. longi
Phyllitis
scolopendrium
Phyteuma
cordifolium
Phyteuma fistulosum
Phyteuma tenerum
Phyteuma orbiculare
Phyteuma spicatum
Picris echioides
Picris hieracioides
Pinguicula grandiflora
Pinguicula lusitanica
Pinguicula vulgaris
Plananthus selago
Pleioblastus simonii
Poa alpina
Poa alpina
L. ssp. vivipara
Poa annua
Poa balfourii
Poa bulbosa
Poa bulbosa
var. vivipara
Poa caesia
Poa chaixii
Poa compressa
Poa glauca
Poa glaucanthos
Poa glauca var.
glaucanthos
Poa infirma
Poa loliacea
Poa rigida
Poa sudetica
Poa vivipara
Polypodium
interjectum
Polypodium lonchitis
Polypodium
montanum
Polypodium vulgare
Polypogon
monspeliensis
Polypogon
semiverticillatus
Polypogon viridis
Polystichum
aculeatum
Polystichum
asperum
Polystichum
lonchitis
Polystichum
setiferum
Pritzelago alpina
Pseudofumaria
lutea
Pseudosasa
japonica
Ptarmica vulgaris
Pteridium aquilinum
Pulicaria dysenterica
Pulicaria vulgaris
Pulmonaria longifolia
Pulmonaria officinalis
Pulsatilla vulgaris
Pyrus cordata

Vallisneria spiralis
Vandenboschia speciosa
Verbascum blattaria
Verbascum lychnitis
Verbascum nigrum
Verbascum phlomoides
Verbascum pulverulentum
Verbascum thapsus
Verbascum virgatum
Veronica agrestis
Veronica alpina
Veronica anagallis-aquatica
Veronica arvensis
Veronica
beccabunga
Veronica catenata
Veronica
chamaedrys
Veronica filiformis
Veronica fruticans
Veronica hederifolia
Veronica humifusa
Veronica michauxii
Veronica montana
Veronica officinalis
Veronica peregrina
Veronica persica
Veronica polita
Veronica praecox
Veronica scutellata
Veronica
serpyllifolia
Veronica spicata
Veronica tenella
Veronica triphyllos
Veronica verna
Vittadenia triloba
Vulpia ciliata
Vulpia fasciculata
Vulpia longiseta
Vulpia membranacea

 

E

K

Q

W

 

Echinochloa
crusgalli
Echinochloa
muricata
Echinochloa
occidentalis
Echium
plantagineum
Echium vulgare
Elodea canadensis
Elodea nuttallii
Elymus arenarius
Elymus caninus
Elymus caninus
donianum
Elymus donianum
Elymus europaeus
Elymus farctus
ssp. boreali-atlanticus
Elymus junceus
Elymus pungens
Elymus pycnanthus
Elymus repens
Elymus trachycaulus donianus
Elytrigia atherica
Elytrigia canina
Elytrigia juncea
Elytrigia pungens
Elytrigia pycnantha
Elytrigia pycnanthes
Elytrigia repens
Elytrigia vaillantiana
Empetrum nigrum
Equisetum arvense
Equisetum fluviatile
Equisetum hyemale
Equisetum limosum
Equisetum palustre
Equisetum pratense
Equisetum
ramosissimum
Equisetum sylvaticum
Equisetum telmateia
Equisetum variegatum
Eranthis hyemalis
Erigeron acer
Erigeron borealis
Erigeron karvinskianus
Erigeron mucronatus
Erinus alpinus
Erodium cicutarium
Erodium maritimum
Erodium moschatum
Erophila krockeri
Erophila majuscula
Erophila verna
Eruca selvatica
Erucastrum gallicum
Erucastrum incanum
Erucastrum
nasturtiifolium
Eruka marina
Erysimum alliaria
Erysimum altissimum
Erysimum arcuatum
Erysimum barbarea
Erysimum
cheiranthoides
Erysimum cheiri
Erysimum officinale
Erysimum vernum
Erythraea centaurium
Eupatorium
cannabinum
Euphrasia officinalis
Euphrasia rostkoviana
Euphrasia micrantha
Euphrasia scotica
Euphrasia rhumica
Euphrasia frigida
Euphrasia foulaensis
Euphrasia eurycarpa
Euphrasia campbellae
Euphrasia rotundifolia
Euphrasia marshallii
Euphrasia curta
Euphrasia cambrica
Euphrasia occidentalis
Euphrasia nemerosa
Euphrasia heslop
harrisonii
Euphrasia confusa
Euphrasia
pseudokerneri
Euphrasia borealis
Euphrasia brevipila
Euphrasia rostkoviana
Euphrasia montana
Euphrasia rivularis
Euphrasia anglica
Euphrasia hirtella
Euphrasia
salisburgensi
Exaculum pusillum

Kichxia elatine
Kickxia spuria
Koeleria albescens
Koeleria cristata
Koeleria gracilis
Koeleria macrantha
Koeleria mukdenensis
Koeleria nitida
Koeleria pyramidata
Koeleria vallesiana

Quercus cerris
Quercus Ilex
Quercus petraea
Quercus robur

Wahlenbergia hederacea
Wolffia arrhiza
Woodsia alpina
Woodsia ilvensis

 

F

L

R

XYZ

 

Fagus sylvatica
Fagus sylvatica
cuprea purpurea
Festuca brevipila
Festuca caesia
Festuca fluitans
Festuca longifolia
Festuca marina
Festuca rigida
Festuca sylvatica
Filago apiculata
Filago gallica
Filago germanica
Filago lutescens
Filago maritima
Filago minima
Filago pyramidata
Filago pyramidata
subsp. lutescens
Filago spathulata
Filago vulgaris
Frangula alnus
Fumaria bastardii
Fumaria boraei
Fumaria capreolata
Fumaria densiflora
Fumaria martinii
Fumaria micrantha
Fumaria muralis
Fumaria muralis
ssp boraei
Fumaria muralis
subsp. neglecta
Fumaria muralis
Sond. ex Koch subsp. neglecta
Fumaria neglecta
Fumaria
occidentalis
Fumaria officinalis
Fumaria parviflora
Fumaria purpurea
Fumaria reuteri
Fumaria vaillantii

Lactuca macrophylla
Lactuca saligna
Lactuca serriola
Lactuca virosa
Lagurus ovatus
Lastrea phegopteris
Lathraea clandestina
Lathraea squamaria
Legousia hybrida
Lemna gibba
Lemna minor
Lemna polyrhiza
Lemna trisulca
Leontodon autumnalis
Leontodon hispidus
Leontodon saxatilis
Leontodon
taraxacoides
Lepidotis inundata
Lepidium arvense
Lepidium campestre
Lepidium draba
Lepidium
heterophyllum
Lepidium latifolium
Lepidium ruderale
Lepidium sativum
Lepidium scapiferum
Lepidium smithii
Leucanthemum
adustum
Leucanthemum
vulgare
Leucojum aestivum
Leucojum vernum
Leymus arenarius
Limosella aquatica
Limosella australis
Limosella subulata
Linaria arenaria
Linaria minuscula
Linaria pelisseriana
Linaria purpurea
Linaria repens
Linaria supina
Linaria vulgaris
Linosyris vulgaris
Linum anglicum
Linum bienne
Linum catharticum
Linum perenne
subsp. anglicum
Linum radiola
Linum usitatissimum
Lithospermum
arvense
Lithospermum
officinale
Lithospermum purpurocaeruleum
Lobularia benthamii
Lobularia maritima
Lolium temulentum
Lycopodiella inindata
Lycopodium alpinum
Lycopodium
annotinum
Lycopodium clavatum
Lycopodium
inundatum
Lycopodium selago
Lycopsis arvensis
Lysichiton americanus

Radicula armoricia
Radicula nasturtium
Radicula nasturtium-aquaticum
Radicula sylvestris
Radiola linoides
Ranunculus acris
Ranunculus aquatilis
Ranunculus arvensis
Ranunculus
auricomus
Ranunculus bulbosus
Ranunculus ficaria
Ranunculus
flabellatus
Ranunculus flammula
Ranunculus
floribundus
Ranunculus fluitans
Ranunculus
hederaceus
Ranunculus lingua
Ranunculus lutarius
Ranunculus
marginatus
Ranunculus
muricatus
Ranunculus
obtusiflorus
Ranunculus
omiophyllus
Ranunculus
ophioglossifolius
Ranunculus
paludosus
Ranunculus
parviflorus
Ranunculus peltatus
Ranunculus petiveri
Ranunculus repens
Ranunculus reptans
Ranunculus sardous
Ranunculus sceleratus
Ranunculus
spaerospermus
Ranunculus
trichophyllus
Ranunculus
tripartitus
Raphanus landra
Raphanus landra
Moretti
Raphanus
raphanistrum
Raphanus
raphanistrum
subsp. landra
Raphanus
raphanistrum
ssp. maritimus
Raphanus
raphanistrum subsp. raphanistrum
Raphanus rusticanus
Raphanus sativus
Rapistrum rugosum
Rapistrum orientale
Rhamnus cathartica
Rhinanthus
angustifolius
Rhinanthus
crista-galli
Rhinanthus major
Rhinanthus minor
Rhynchosinapis
erucastrum
Rhynchosinapis
monensis
Rhynchosinapis
wrightii
Ribes alpinum
Ribes nigrum
Ribes rubrum
Ribes sativum
Ribes spicatum
Ribes sylvestre
Ribes uva-crispa
Ribes vulgare
Robertiella
robertiana
Roegneria behmii
Roegneria canina
Roegneria doniana
Rorippa amphibia
Rorippa armoricia
Rorippa austriaca
Rorippa islandica
Rorippa microphylla
Rorippa nasturtium
Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum
Rorippa sylvestris
Rorippa x sterilis
Rubia peregrina
Rucola sylvatica
Rucula selvatica

Xanthium spinosum Yushania anceps
Zostera americana
Zostera angustifolia
Zostera hornemanniana
Zostera japonica
Zostera marina
Zostera nana
Zostera noltei

Ivydene Horticultural Services logo with I design, construct and maintain private gardens. I also advise and teach you in your own garden. 01634 389677

 

Site design and content copyright ©May 2008.
Page structure amended October 2012.
Feet changed to inches (cms) July 2015.
Menus and Master changed January 2016.
New Common Names and Botanical Names added
February 2021.
Chris Garnons-Williams.

DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.

BROWN WILD FLOWER GALLERY PAGE MENUS

Botanical Name with Common Name, Wild Flower Family, Flower Colour and Form Index of each of all the Wildflowers of the UK in 1965:- AC, AG,AL,AL,AN,
AR,AR,AS,BA,
BR,BR,CA,CA,
CA,CA,CA,CA,
CA,CE,CE,CH,
CI,CO,CR,DA,
DE,DR,EP,EP,
ER,EU,FE,FO,
GA,GA,GE,GL,
HE,HI,HI,HY,
IM,JU,KI,LA,
LE,LI,LL,LU,LY, ME,ME,MI,MY,
NA,OE,OR,OR,
PA,PH,PL,PO,
PO,PO,PO,PU,
RA,RH,RO,RO,
RU,SA,SA,SA,
SC,SC,SE,SI,
SI,SO,SP,ST,
TA,TH,TR,TR,
UR,VE,VE,VI

Extra Botanical Names have been added within a row for a different plant. Each Extra Botanical Name Plant will link to an Extras Page where it will be detailed in its own row.

EXTRAS 91,
 

CREAM WILD FLOWER GALLERY PAGE MENUS


Common Name with Botanical Name, Wild Flower Family, Flower Colour and Form Index of each of all the Wildflowers of the UK in 1965:- AC,AL,AS,BE,
BL,BO,BR,CA,
CL,CO,CO,CO,
CR,DA,DO,EA,
FE,FI,FR,GO,
GR,GU,HA,HO,
IR,KN,LE,LE,
LO,MA,ME,MO,
NA,NO,PE,PO,
PY,RE,RO,SA,
SE,SE,SK,SM,
SO,SP,ST,SW,
TO,TW,WA,WE,
WI,WO,WO,YE

Extra Common Names have been added within a row for a different plant. Each Extra Common Name Plant will link to an Extras Page where it will be detailed in its own row.

EXTRAS 57,58,
59,60,