................ Topic - Plant Photo Galleries Wild Flower ............ |
Ivydene Gardens Plants: |
PLANTS PAGE PLANT USE Ground-cover Height Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
Following parts of Level 2a, Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources) |
Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Photos - with its link; provides a link to its respective Plant Photo Gallery in this website to provide comparison photos. ------------ Ground-cover Height |
REFINING SELECTION Plant Selection by Flower Shape Plant Selection by Foliage Colour
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The plants normally selected by most landscapers and designers are by nature low-growing, rampant, spreading, creep-crawly things and yet the concept of ground cover demands no such thing. The ideal description of a groundcover plant includes:-
Ground Cover a thousand beautiful plants for difficult places by John Cushnie (ISBN 1 85626 326 6) provides details of plants that fulfill the above requirements. Using these groundcover plants in your planting scheme (either between your trees/shrubs in the border or for the whole border) will - with mulching your beds to a 4 inch depth and an irrigation system - provide you with a planted garden with far less time required for border maintenance. The groundcover list is sorted in the following pages under the following height of plant range:-
Surface soil moisture is the water that is in the upper 10 cm (4 inches) of soil, whereas root zone soil moisture is the water that is available to plants, which is generally considered to be in the upper 200 cm (80 inches) of soil:-
Sun Aspect:-
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Chalky alkaline soils are derived from chalk or limestone with a pH of 7.1 or above. |
The overall amount of sunlight received depends on aspect, the direction your garden faces:- North-facing gardens get the least light and can be damp South-facing gardens get the most light East-facing gardens get morning light West-facing gardens get afternoon and evening light |
Acid Site - An acid soil has a pH value below 7.0. Clay soils are usually acid and retentive of moisture, requiring drainage. The addition of grit or coarse sand makes them more manageable. Peaty soil is acidic with fewer nutrients and also requires drainage. Alkaline Soil - An alkaline soil has a pH value above 7.0. Soils that form a thin layer over chalk restrict plant selection to those tolerant of drought. Bank / Slope problems include soil erosion, surface water, summer drought and poor access (create path using mattock to pull an earth section 180 degrees over down the slope). Then, stabilise the earth with 4 inches (10cms) depth of spent mushroom compost under the chicken wire; before planting climbers/plants through it. Exposed Site is an area that is open to the elements and that includes cold, biting winds, the glare of full sun, frost and snow. Path Edges - Soften edges for large masses of paving or lawn with groundcover plants. Random areas Within Paths can be planted with flat-growing plants. Other groundcover plants are in the Rest of Border. Seaside Plants that deal with salt-carrying gales and blown sand; by you using copious amounts of compost and thick mulch to conserve soil moisture. Under Hedge requires ground cover that tolerates bone dry, poor soil. Woodland ground cover under the shade of tree canopies. |
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To locate mail-order nursery for plants from the UK in this gallery try using search in RHS Find a Plant. To locate plants in the European Union (EU) try using Search Term in Gardens4You and Meilland Richardier in France. To locate mail-order nursery for plants from America in this gallery try using search in Plant Lust. To locate plant information in Australia try using Plant Finder in Gardening Australia. |
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Soil:- |
Soil Moisture:- |
Sun Aspect:- |
Plant Location:- |
Plant Name with link to mail-order nursery in UK / Europe |
Flower Colour with Flower Thumbnail |
Flowering Months |
Foliage Colour with Foliage Thumb-nail |
Plant Use |
Height x Spread in inches (cms). 25.4mm = 1 inch I normally round this to |
Plant Type |
Comment |
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AC = Acid Site |
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AL = Alkaline Site or |
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BA = Bank / Slope |
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CH =Chalk |
EX = Exposed Site |
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CL = Clay |
PA = |
WP = |
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LF = Lime-Free or |
D = Dry |
S = Full Sun |
SE = Seaside Plants |
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PD = Poorly Drained |
M = Moist |
PS = Part Shade |
UN = Under Hedge |
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LS = Light Sand |
W = Wet |
FS = Full Shade |
WO = Woodland |
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CH |
CL |
LF |
PD |
LS |
D |
M |
W |
S |
PS |
FS |
AC |
AL |
BA |
EX |
PA |
SE |
UN |
WO |
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LS |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Achillea ptmarmica 'The Pearl' |
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30 x 24 (75 x 60) |
Sneezewort in Wildflower |
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AN |
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AN |
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EX |
RB |
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Cream
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Jun-Aug |
Yellow-ish-green |
Use in rock garden, spine-tipped boundary hedge and as a speciman. |
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
Evergreen Perennial |
Fierce spine-tipped leaves. Grows in well-drained gritty soil, preferring a generally cool but not too wet climate. Coloniser of arid windswept, cold dry grassland and tussock areas in New Zealand. |
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AN |
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PS |
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AN |
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RB |
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WO |
Yellow |
Jul-Sep |
Blue-green |
Use in Woodland , rest of border and flower arranging. |
24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
Herbaceous Perennial |
The poison in any aconitum can be taken in through the skin, so always wear gloves and cover exposed skin when working with this plant. Aconitum grow in full sun or dappled shade in moist, humus-rich, well-drained soil. All aconitums are poisonous. |
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CL |
AN |
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AN |
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Aegopodium podagraria 'Variegatum' groundcover grows on any, clay, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil. |
Compound umbels of numerous white, pink or cream flowers |
May-Jun |
It has off-white splotches on the edges and surface of its varie-gated leaves.
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Use in Pot and in ground where it |
24 x indefinite |
Ground Elder in Wildflower A pernicious weed in gardens. |
Frost hardy but drought tender, preferring moist well-drained soil in an open sunny position. Excellent weed-proof ground-cover. Invasive. Best in a pure, contained planting as a ground cover. |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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Agapanthus campanulatus groundcover grows on any, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil. |
Pale to dark lavender-blue |
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36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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Grow in Pot |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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Agapanthus 'Dorothy Palmer' groundcover grows on any, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil. |
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36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
Herbaceous Per All Agapanthus contrast well with yellow flowers. Easily combined with kniphofia, crocosmia, phygelius, potentilla and iris. |
Grow in Pot |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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Althaea armeniaca |
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48 x 12 (120 x 30) |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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Amsonia illustris |
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48 x 18 (120 x 45) |
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CH |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Anchusa azurea |
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48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
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CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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RB |
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WO |
Anemone hupehensis |
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24 x 16 (60 x 40) |
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CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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RB |
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WO |
Anemone rivularis |
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30 x 12 (75 x 30) |
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CH |
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LS |
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AN |
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RB |
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WO |
Aquilegia chrysantha |
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36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
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LF |
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LS |
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AC |
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WO |
Arctostaphylos patula |
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72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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LS |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Artemesia abrotanum |
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30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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LS |
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AN |
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RB |
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Artemesia arborescens |
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36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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WO |
Aruncus dioicus 'Kneiffii' |
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48 x 18 (120 x 45) |
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CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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WP |
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Asplenium scolopendrium |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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CL |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Aster novae-angliae |
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60 x 24 (150 x 60) |
Michaelmas Daisy in Wildflower |
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CL |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Aster novi-belgii |
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48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
Michaelmas Daisy in Wildflower |
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CL |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Aster novi-belgii 'Ada Ballard' |
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36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
Michaelmas Daisy in Wildflower |
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CL |
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AN |
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RB |
SE |
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Aster novi-belgii 'Royal Velvet' |
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48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
Michaelmas Daisy in Wildflower |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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WO |
Astilbe 'Fanal' |
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24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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Grow in Bog |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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WO |
Astilbe |
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48 x 39 (120 x 97) |
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Grow in Bog |
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AN |
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AN |
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RB |
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WO |
Astilbe 'Straussenfeder' |
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36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
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Grow in Bog |
CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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RB |
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WO |
Astrantia major |
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24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
Pink Masterwort in Wildflower |
Grow in Bog |
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LF |
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LS |
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AC |
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WO |
Athyrium filix-femina |
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48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
Lady Fern in Wildflower |
Grow in Bog, |
CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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SE |
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Aucuba japonica 'Crotonofolia' |
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60 x 48 (150 x 120) |
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Grow as Hedge and Pollution Barrier |
CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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SE |
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Aucuba japonica 'Rozannie' |
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36 x 120 (90 x 300) |
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Grow as Hedge and Pollution Barrier |
CH |
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LS |
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AL |
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RB |
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Baptista australis |
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60 x 24 (150 x 60) |
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CH |
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AL |
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RB |
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Berberis 'Chenaultii' |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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CH |
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AL |
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RB |
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Berberis calliantha |
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30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
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CH |
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AL |
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RB |
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Berberis thunbergii |
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24 x 30 (60 x 75) |
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CH |
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AL |
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RB |
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Berberis x bristolensis |
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60 x 72 (150 x 180) |
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CH |
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AL |
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RB |
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Berberis x frikartii 'Telstar' |
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48 x 60 (120 x 150) |
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CH |
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AL |
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RB |
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Berberis x interposita |
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60 x 72 (150 x 180) |
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CH |
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PE |
LS |
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AL |
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RB |
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Betula nana |
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24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
Dwarf Birch in Wildflower |
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CH |
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LS |
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AN |
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RB |
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Brachyglottis 'Dunedin Hybrids' |
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60 x 72 (150 x 180) |
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CH |
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LS |
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AN |
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RB |
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Brachyglottis compacta |
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36 x 72 (90 x 180) |
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CH |
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LS |
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PA |
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Buphthalmum salicifolium |
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24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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CH |
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LS |
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Bupleurum fruticosum |
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72 x 96 (180 x 240) |
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Back of Shady Border |
CH |
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LS |
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PA |
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Buxus microphylla |
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30 x 60 (75 x 150) |
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Grow as Border Edging Hedge |
CH |
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LS |
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Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa' |
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36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
Box in Wildflower |
Grow as Hedge |
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Callistemon citrinus 'Austraflora Firebrand' |
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60 x 144 (150 x 360) |
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Callistemon pityoides |
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60 x 36 (150 x 90) |
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Campanula latifolia |
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48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
Giant Bellflower in Wildflower |
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Campanula persicifolia |
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36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
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Campanula portenschlagiana |
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72 x 24 (180 x 60) |
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Cardamine raphanifolia |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Carex elata 'Aurea' |
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28 x 18 (70 x 45) |
Tufted Sedge in Wildflower |
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Carex pendula |
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54 x 60 (135 x 150) |
Drooping Sedge in Wildflower |
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Catananche caerulea |
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24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
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Caulophyllum thalictroides |
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30 x 6 (75 x 15) |
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Ceanothus 'Italian Skies' |
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60 x 120 (150 x 300) |
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Ceanothus 'Southmead' |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Ceanothus divergens |
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36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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Centaurea cineraria |
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32 x 18 (80 x 45) |
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Centaurea macrocephala |
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60 x 24 (150 x 60) |
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Centranthus ruber |
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36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
Red Valerian in Wildflower |
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Ceratostigma willmotianum |
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36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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Chaenomeles x superba |
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60 x 72 (150 x 180) |
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Chaenomeles x superba |
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36 x 72 (90 x 180) |
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Chaenomeles x superba |
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36 x 72 (90 x 180) |
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Chamaedaphne calyculata |
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30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
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|
|
Cimicifuga japonica |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Cistus x corbariensis |
|
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|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Cistus x cyprius |
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|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Cistus x florentinus |
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|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Cistus x purpureus |
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|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
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|
Clematis integrifolia |
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Clematis recta |
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|
48 x 30 (120 x 75) |
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|
Clerodendrum bungei |
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|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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|
Convolvulus cneorum |
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|
30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
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|
Coreopsis auriculata |
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|
32 x 24 (80 x 60) |
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|
Coreopsis verticillata |
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|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Cornus alba 'Elegantissima' |
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|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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|
Cornus stolonifera 'Flaviramea' |
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|
72 x 144 (180 x 360) |
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|
Coronilla valentina |
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|
60 x 60 (180 x 180) |
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|
Corydalis nobilis |
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|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Cotoneaster 'Coral Beauty' |
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|
|
36 x 72 (90 x 180) |
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|
Cotoneaster integrifolius |
|
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|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Cotoneaster linearifolius |
|
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|
|
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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|
Cotoneaster rotundifolius |
|
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|
|
30 x 24 (75 x 60) |
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|
Crocosmia 'Lucifer' |
|
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|
|
36 x 3 (90 x 7) |
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|
Crocosmia 'Solfatare' |
|
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|
|
24 x 3 (60 x 7) |
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|
Cytisus 'Lena' |
|
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|
|
48 x 60 (120 x 150) |
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|
Cytisus praecox 'Zeelandia' |
|
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|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Cytisus scoparius 'Killiney Red' |
|
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|
|
48 x 60 (120 x 150) |
Broom in Wildflower |
|
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|
Daphne acutiloba |
|
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|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Daphne alpina |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Daphne laureola |
|
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|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
Spurge-Laurel in Wildflower |
|
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|
Daphne longilobata |
|
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|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Daphne odora |
|
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|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Daphne retusa |
|
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|
|
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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|
Desfontainia spinosa |
|
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|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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|
Deutzia gracilis |
|
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|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
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|
Digitalis laevigata |
|
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|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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|
Disporum hookeri |
|
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|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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|
Doronicum austriacum |
|
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|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
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|
Doronicum pardalianches |
|
|
|
|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
Leopardsbane in Wildflower |
|
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|
Dryopteris affinis |
|
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|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
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|
Dryopteris carthusiana |
|
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|
|
24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
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|
Dryopteris erythrosora |
|
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|
|
24 x 15 (60 x 37) |
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|
Dryopteris filix-mas |
|
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|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
|
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|
Dryopteris wallichiana |
|
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|
|
36 x 30 (90 x 75) |
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|
Epilobium angustifolium |
|
|
|
|
60 x 36 (150 x 90) |
|
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|
|
Erigeron 'Charity' |
|
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|
|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Eryngium alpinum |
|
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|
|
28 x 18 (70 x 45) |
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|
Eryngium planum |
|
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|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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|
|
Erysimum 'Bowles' Mauve' |
|
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|
|
30 x 24 (75 x 60) |
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|
|
Escallonia 'Edinensis' |
|
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|
|
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
|
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|
|
Escallonia 'Langleyensis' |
|
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|
|
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
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|
|
Escallonia 'Pride of Donard' |
|
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|
|
60 x 96 (150 x 240) |
|
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|
|
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|
|
Euonymous fortunei 'Sarcoxie' |
|
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|
|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
|
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|
|
Eupatorium cannabinum |
|
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|
|
60 x 48 (150 x 120) |
|
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|
|
Euphorbia amygdaloides |
|
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|
|
30 x 12 (75 x 30) |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
Euphorbia griffithii |
|
|
|
|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
Filipendula palmata |
|
|
|
|
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
Filipendula ulmaria 'Aurea' |
|
|
|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
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|
|
Forsythia viridissima |
|
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|
|
72 x 60 (180 x 150) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fothergilla gardenii |
|
|
|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fritillaria imperialis |
|
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|
|
60 x 12 (150 x 30) |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gaillardia x grandiflora |
|
|
|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gaultheria 'Shallon' |
|
|
|
|
48 x 60 (120 x 150) |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gaultheria forestii |
|
|
|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gaultheria x wisleyensis |
|
|
|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gaura lindheimeri |
|
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|
|
60 x 36 (150 x 90) |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gentiana asclepiadea |
|
|
|
|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gentiana asclepiadea 'Alba' |
|
|
|
|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Geranium maderense |
|
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|
|
54 x 54 (135 x 135) |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Geranium phaeum |
|
|
|
|
32 x 18 (80 x 45) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Geranium psilostemon |
|
|
|
|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Glyceria maxima |
|
|
|
|
32 x indefinite |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Glyceria maxima 'Variegata' |
|
|
|
|
32 x indefinite |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Halimium lasianthum |
|
|
|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hebe 'Autumn Glory' |
|
|
|
|
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hebe 'Great Orme' |
|
|
|
|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hebe x franciscana |
|
|
|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hebe x franciscana 'Variegata' |
|
|
|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hedysarum coronarium |
|
|
|
|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helenium 'Bressingham Gold' |
|
|
|
|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helianthus x multiflorus |
|
|
|
|
72 x 36 (180 x 90) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helianthus x multiflorus |
|
|
|
|
60 x 36 (150 x 90) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helichrysum splendidum |
|
|
|
|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heliopsis helianthoides |
|
|
|
|
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heliopsis helianthoides |
|
|
|
|
42 x 24 (105 x 60) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helleborus argutifolius |
|
|
|
|
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helleborus foetidus |
|
|
|
|
30 x 18 (75 x 45) |
|
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|
|
|
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|
Hemerocallis 'Aquamarine' |
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|
28 x 24 (70 x 60) |
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|
Hemerocallis |
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30 x 24 (75 x 60) |
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|
Hesperis matronalis |
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36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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Heuchera 'Green Ivory' |
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30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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Hosta 'Big Daddy' |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Hosta 'Blue Umbrellas' |
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36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
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Hosta 'True Blue' |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Hosta 'Zounds' |
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26 x 36 (65 x 90) |
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Hosta opipara |
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28 x 60 (70 x 150) |
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|
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Altona' |
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36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Hypericum 'Eastleigh Gold' |
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|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Hypericum 'Rowallane' |
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72 x 36 (180 x 90) |
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|
Hypericum kalmianum |
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30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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|
Hyssopus officinalis |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Hyssopus officinalis 'Albus' |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Ilex crenata 'Bruns' |
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|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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Ilex crenata 'Convexa' |
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|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
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Inula helenium |
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48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
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Isatis tinctoria |
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|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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Jasminum fruticans |
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|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Juniperus communis |
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24 x 60 (60 x 150) |
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|
Juniperus communis |
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24 x 60 (60 x 150) |
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Juniperus procumbens |
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30 x 72 (75 x 180) |
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Juniperus squamata 'Blue Star' |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Kirengeshoma palmata |
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|
24 x 30 (60 x 75) |
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|
Kniphofia 'Atlanta' |
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|
48 x 30 (120 x 75) |
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|
Kniphofia 'Little Maid' |
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|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Kniphofia ensifolia |
|
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|
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
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|
Kniphofia northiae |
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60 x 36 (150 x 90) |
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|
Lamium galeobdolon |
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24 x indefinite |
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|
Lathyrus gmelinii |
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|
36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
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|
Lavandula angustifolia 'Hidcote' |
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|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Lavandula dentata |
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|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Lavatera maritima |
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|
60 x 36 (150 x 90) |
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|
Lavatera thuringiaca 'Barnsley' |
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|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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|
Ledum groenlandicum |
|
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|
36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
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|
Leucanthemum x superbum |
|
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|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
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|
Leucanthemum x superbum |
|
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|
|
36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
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|
Leucothoe fontanesiana |
|
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|
48 x 120 (120 x 300) |
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|
Leycesteria formosa |
|
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|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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|
Libertia grandiflora |
|
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|
|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
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|
Ligularia dentata |
|
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|
|
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
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|
Ligustrum delavayanum |
|
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|
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
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|
Limonium latifolium 'Blue Cloud' |
|
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|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Lobelia 'Bees' Flame' |
|
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|
30 x 12 (75 x 30) |
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|
Lobelia cardinalis |
|
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|
|
36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
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|
Lomatia tinctoria |
|
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|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Lonicera fragrantissima |
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|
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
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|
Lonicera nitida 'Baggesen's Gold' |
|
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|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Lonicera pileata |
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|
24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
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|
Lunaria rediviva |
|
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|
30 x 12 (75 x 30) |
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|
Lupinus 'Thundercloud' |
|
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|
|
36 x 30 (90 x 75) |
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|
Lupinus arboreus |
|
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|
|
30 x 24 (75 x 60) |
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|
Luzula nivea |
|
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|
|
24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Luzula sylvatica |
|
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|
|
30 x 18 (75 x 45) |
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|
Luzula sylvatica 'Aurea' |
|
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|
|
30 x 18 (75 x 45) |
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|
Lychnis coronaria |
|
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|
32 x 18 (80 x 45) |
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|
Lychnis flos-cuculi |
|
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|
|
30 x 32 (75 x 80) |
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|
Lysimachia ciliata |
|
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|
|
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
|
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|
|
Lysimachia punctata |
|
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|
|
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
|
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|
|
Lysimachia vulgaris |
|
|
|
|
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
Lythrum virgatum |
|
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|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
|
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|
|
|
Mahonia aquifolium |
|
|
|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
Mahonia aquifolium |
|
|
|
|
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
|
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|
|
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|
|
Mahonia japonica 'Bealei' |
|
|
|
|
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
|
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|
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|
|
Meconopsis paniculata |
|
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|
|
72 x 24 (180 x 60) |
|
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|
|
Melicytus crassifolius |
|
|
|
|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
|
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|
|
Mentha longifolia |
|
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|
|
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
|
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|
|
Mentha spicata |
|
|
|
|
36 x indefinite |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
Mentha suaveolens 'Variegata' |
|
|
|
|
36 x indefinite |
|
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|
|
|
|
Microbiota decussata |
|
|
|
|
36 x indefinite |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
Milium effusum 'Aureum' |
|
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|
|
24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
|
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|
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|
|
Mimulus ringens |
|
|
|
|
36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monarda 'Beauty of Cobham' |
|
|
|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monarda 'Vintage Wine' |
|
|
|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Morina persica |
|
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|
|
60 x 24 (150 x 60) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Myosotidium hortensia |
|
|
|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nandina domestica |
|
|
|
|
72 x 60 (180 x 150) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nandina domestica |
|
|
|
|
36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nepeta sibirica |
|
|
|
|
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Olearia nummularifolia |
|
|
|
|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Olearia x haastii |
|
|
|
|
60 x 72 (150 x 180) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Onoclea sensibilis |
|
|
|
|
24 x indefinite |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Origanum majorana |
|
|
|
|
32 x 18 (80 x 45) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Origanum onites |
|
|
|
|
24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Origanum vulgare 'Aureum' |
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24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
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Osmunda regalis |
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72 x 144 (180 x 360) |
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Ozothamnus coralloides |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Paeonia 'Dresden' |
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32 x 32 (80 x 80) |
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Paeonia emodi |
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30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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Paeonia mascula |
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30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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|
Paeonia miolose-witschii |
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30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
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Paeonia x lemoinei |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Papaver orientale |
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24 x 30 (60 x 75) |
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Parahebe perfoliata |
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30 x 18 (75 x 45) |
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Paris polyphilla |
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30 x 12 (75 x 30) |
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Penstemon digitalis |
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36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
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|
Persicaria amplexicaulis |
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48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
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|
Petasites japonicus |
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42 x 60 (105 x 150) |
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Phalaris arundinacea 'Feesey' |
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60 x indefinite |
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|
Phalaris arundinacea var. picta |
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36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
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|
Phlomis fruticosa |
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30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
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Phlomis italica |
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36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
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Phlomis purpurea |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Phlox carolina |
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48 x 18 (120 x 45) |
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Phygelius capensis |
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48 x 60 (120 x 150) |
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Phygelius x rectus |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Phygelius x rectus 'Moonraker' |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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|
Physalis alkekengi |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Pieris floribunda |
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72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
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Peris japonica |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Pimpinella major |
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48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
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|
Pittosporum ralphii |
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36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
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Podocarpus alpinus |
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72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
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|
Polygonatum hirtum |
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48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
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Polygonatum multiflorum |
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36 x 10 (90 x 25) |
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Polygonatum multiflorum |
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36 x 10 (90 x 25) |
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|
Polygonatum x hybridum |
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48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
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|
Polystichum aculeatum |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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|
Polystichum munitum |
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36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
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|
Polystichum setiferum |
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48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
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|
Potentilla atrosanguinea |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Potentilla fruticosa 'Beesii' |
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24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
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|
Potentilla fruticosa 'Princess' |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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|
Potentilla fruticosa 'Tilford Cream' |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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|
Primula bulleyana |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Primula florindae |
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48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
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|
Prostanthera cuneata |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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|
Pseudowintera colorata |
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36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
Pyracantha 'Golden Dome' |
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72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
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|
Pyracantha 'Santa Cruz' |
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36 x 72 (90 x 180) |
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|
Ranunculus aconitifolius |
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24 x 18 (60 x 45) |
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|
Ranunculus lyallii |
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36 x 14 (90 x 35) |
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|
Rhododendron 'Blue Tit' |
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|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron 'Britannia' |
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|
60 x 84 (150 x 210) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron 'Chikor' |
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|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron 'Ginny Gee' |
|
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|
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron 'Hino-crimson' |
|
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|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron 'Hino-mayo' |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron 'Moerheim' |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron calostrotum |
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|
|
30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron ferrugineum |
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|
60 x 48 (150 x 120) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
Rhododendron impeditum |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
|
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|
Rhododendron moupinense |
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|
|
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
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|
|
Rhododendron pemakoense |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
|
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|
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|
Rhododendron sargentianum |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
|
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|
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|
|
Rhododendron yakushimanum |
|
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|
|
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
|
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees |
|
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|
Ribes alpinum |
|
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|
|
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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|
Ribes laurifolium |
|
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|
|
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
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|
|
Rodgersia pinnata |
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|
48 x 30 (120 x 75) |
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|
Rodgersia pinnata 'Superba' |
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|
|
48 x 30 (120 x 75) |
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|
|
Rodgersia podophylla |
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|
60 x 72 (150 x 180) |
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|
|
|
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|
|
Rodgersia sambucifolia |
|
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|
|
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
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|
|
Rosa 'Essex' |
|
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|
|
24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
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|
|
Rosa 'Flower Carpet' |
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|
|
30 x 48 (75 x 120) |
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|
|
Rosa 'Grouse' |
|
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|
|
24 x 120 (60 x 300) |
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|
|
Rosa 'Red Blanket' |
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|
|
30 x 48 (75 x 120) |
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|
|
Rosa 'Surrey' |
|
|
|
|
32 x 48 (80 x 120) |
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|
|
Rosa 'Swany' |
|
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|
|
30 x 66 (75 x 175) |
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|
|
Rosa pimpinellifolia |
|
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|
|
36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
Rosa rugosa 'Fru Dagmar Hastrup' |
|
|
|
|
36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rosmarinus officinalis 'Aureus' |
|
|
|
|
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Rubus tricolor |
|
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|
|
24 x indefinite |
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|
|
Ruscus aculeatus |
|
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|
|
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
|
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|
|
Ruscus hypophyllum |
|
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|
|
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
|
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|
|
Ruta graveolens |
|
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|
|
36 x 30 (90 x 75) |
|
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|
|
Ruta graveolens 'Jackman's Blue' |
|
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|
|
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salix helvetica |
|
|
|
|
24 x 12 (60 x 30) |
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
Salix repens |
|
|
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24 x 60 (60 x 150) |
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Sanguisorbia canadensis |
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72 x 36 (180 x 90) |
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Santolina pinnata neapolitana |
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30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
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Sarcocca humilis |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Senecio cineraria |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Skimmia japonica 'Fructo Albo' |
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24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
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Skimmia x confusa 'Kew Green' |
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24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
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Smilacina racemosa |
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30 x 18 (75 x 45) |
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Solanum laciniatum |
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72 x 60 (180 x 150) |
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Spiraea cantoniensis |
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72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
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Spiraea japonica 'Shirobana' |
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30 x 36 (75 x 90) |
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Stephenandra incisa |
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24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
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Taxus baccata 'Repandens' |
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24 x 180 (60 x 450) |
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Taxus baccata 'Repens Aurea' |
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48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
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Taxus baccata 'Summergold' |
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24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
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Teucrium fruticans |
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36 x 144 (90 x 360) |
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Tricyrtis hirta |
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32 x 24 (80 x 60) |
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Ulex eurapeus 'Flore Pleno' |
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36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
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Ulex gallii |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Vestia foetida |
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72 x 60 (180 x 150) |
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Viburnum davidii |
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48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
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Weigelia 'Eve Rathke' |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Weigelia middendorffiana |
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60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
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Xanthorhiza simplicissima |
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24 x 60 (60 x 150) |
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Zantedeschia aethiopica |
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36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
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Height in inches (cms):- 25.4mm = 1 inch I normally round this to |
Site design and content copyright ©December 2006. Page structure changed September 2012. Page structure changed and information added to become 3 pages instead of 1 May 2015. Data added to existing pages December 2017. Chris Garnons-Williams. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
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From Annuals and Biennials chapter in Plants for Ground-cover by Graham Stuart Thomas - Gardens consultant to the National Trust. Published by J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd in 1970, Reprinted (with further revisions) 1990. ISBN 0-460-12609-1:- "I think there is a case to be considered for annuals and biennials in ground-cover schemes so long as they will sow themselves freely. |
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Use |
Plant |
Comments |
Lawn and ground-cover under conifer trees |
Poa annua |
The needles under a cedar tree were weekly swept away and the grass, despite fertilizers, top dressing, re-seading and re-turfing, simply would not grow. The needles were left alone and within 12 months the area became self-sown with a close and permanent sward of Poa nnua. This little grass regenerates itself constantly so that it makes a lawn, though each plant has only a short life. |
Oxalis rosea |
This is highly successful in the shade of conifers or any other tree |
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Cyclamen hederifolium |
This is a perennial, though sowing itself freely when suited and it is here because plants to grow under cedars and yews, somewhat away from the trunks, are very few. |
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Temporary ground-cover under trees |
Tropaeolum or Eschscholtzia |
A sheet of 'Gleam' nasturtiums or eschscholtzia; both are free-flowering and easily pulled up, though like all annuals it may be a year or two later before all dispersed seeds have germinated. Silene armeria and Iberis amara are equally successful, with Sett Alyssum (Lobularia maritima) creating a dwarf ground-cover carpet in late summer. |
Ground-cover under trees with high rainfall |
Claytonia sibirica (Montia sibirica) |
This grows under trees where the grass is thin at high altitude and high rainfall. It covers the area - interpersed with primroses and Oxalia acetosella - with a mass of pinky-white stars a few inches (cms) above the ground. Claytonia perfoliata is an annual; it is usually classed as a weed but is excellent cover in cool, acid soil, but far less conspicuous in flower |
Streamsides, river banks and fringes of boggy ground |
Impatiens glandulifera (Impatiens roylei, Annual Balsam) |
It is a rapid colonizer because its seeds are ejected with some force from the ripe pods. It seeds with great abandon and grows to 72 (180) or more; its many pink flowers make a great show. |
Full sun and drier soils than by streamsides |
Angelica archangelica |
It very quickly produces great green heads in spring, ripening quickly, with the result that the ground is thickly covered with seedlings in late summer. Oenothera biennis (Evening Primrose) will colonize any sunny waste place and produce yellow blooms for weeks in the summer Lychnis coronaria is a prolific seeder with rosettes of silvery basal leaves. Erysimum linifolium (Wallflower) produces lilac flowers |
Plants that seed about with abandon |
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From Appendix II Lists of plants for special conditions in Plants for Ground-cover by Graham Stuart Thomas - Gardens consultant to the National Trust. Published by J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd in 1970, Reprinted (with further revisions) 1990. ISBN 0-460-12609-1:- |
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Plant |
Plant |
Plant |
1. Plants requiring lime-free soils
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Arctostaphylos. |
Erica. |
Philesia. |
2. Plants which will thrive in limy soils
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Acaena. |
Cotula. |
Paeonia. |
3. Plants which tolerate clay.
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Acanthus. |
Euonymus fortunei. |
Rodgersia. |
4. Plants which will grow satisfactorily in dry, shady places. Apart from ill-drained clay, this combination of conditions is the most difficult to cope with in the garden. * indicates those which will not tolerate lime. |
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Alchemilla conjuncta. |
Fragaria. |
Reynoutria. |
5. Plants which thrive on moist soils. Genera marked * are suitable for boggy positions. |
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Ajuga. |
Cornus stolonifera. |
*Onoclea. |
6. Plants which grow well in shady positions. The bulk of these are woodland plants, growing well under shrubs and trees, but those marked * are not so satisfactory under trees, though thriving in the shade given by buildings. For those requiring lime-free soil, compare with List 1. |
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Adiantum. |
Carex. |
Epigaea. |
Helxine. |
Onoclea. |
Shortia. |
7. Plants which will thrive in hot, sunny places on dry soils. Those marked * require lime-free soil. |
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Acaena. |
Dimorphotheca. |
Lychnis coronaria. |
8. Plants which thrive in maritime districts. Many of the following will stand wind and salt-spray, particularly those marked *. Those marked ** will provide shelter for others and shelter is highly important in seaside gardening. For genera requiring, lime-free soil, compare with List 1. |
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Acaena. |
Aubretia. |
Ceanothus. |
*Genista. |
Pulsatilla. |
*Sedum. |
9. Plants which create barriers. The following by their dense or prickly character will deter small animals and human beings as well as weeds. |
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Arundinaria anceps. |
Mahonia japonica. |
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10. Plants for town gardens. Genera marked * prefer acid soil; those marked £ will thrive in impoverished soils. Soil in towns is usually deficient in humus. |
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£Acanthus. |
Euonymus. |
Ribes. |
EXPLAINATION OF WHY SOIL IN UK TOWNS IS USUALLY DEFICIENT IN HUMUS.
Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays.
The humus provides the organic polymers to interact with the clay domains and bacterium to stick the 2 grains of sand together. This soil molecule of 2 grains of sand, organic polymers, clay domains and bacterium will disintegrate by the action of the bacterium or fungal enymatic catalysis on the organic polymers. So if a continuous supply of humus is not present, then the soil molecules will break up into sand and clay. |
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Cultural Needs of Plants "Understanding Fern Needs
Only Earthworms provide the tunnels which transport water, gas and nutrients to and from roots. When the roots of the plant requires the mineral nutrients dissolved in soil water, oxygen and nitrogen intake and waste gases output, it gets it through the action of the earthworm continously making tunnels to provide the transport system. |
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11. Plants suitable for covering rose-beds. The following are all small plants that will not be strong-growing for the purpose, and will help to make the beds more attractive during the 7 months when Hybrid Teas and Floribundas are not in flower. Small spring-flowering bulbs can be grown through them. The more vigorous shrub roses will tolerate many others among the shorter growing plants in this 1000 ground cover table. |
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Acaena. |
Cardamine trifolia. |
Primula auricula. |
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Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month. |
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I have updated the plant type and plant use for the Evergreen Perennials by February 2023,
followed by continuing to insert all the plants with flowers from Camera Photo Galleries as indicated by I will continue to insert all the plants planted in chalk as indicated by then the following plants shall be added from
finally - I am inserting these from February 2023, I will continue to insert all the plants |
The following is from the current Site Map of Evergr Perenn Gallery in October 2023:- 104 from the 1000 Ground Cover Plants (up to Aster novi-belgii in Plant Selection Level 5 Plant Name - A Index page of Plants Topic) as indicated by
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Collins Aura Garden Handbooks Trees for Small Gardens by Susan Conder. Published by William Collins Sons & Co Ltd in 1988.
On page 23 it has diagrams showing how to remove a large limb. The fourth diagram is incorrect and below is why - you should leave the branch collar on the tree instead of cutting it off. In the centre of each trunk and branch there is a section of nerves used by the tree to get information from all of its branches and trunk and then sending replies of what to do about it. You could say that the Branch Collar is like a junction box, where you cut off after it but not before; otherwise the tree still thinks that branch is still there and then will make invalid decisions. These nerve fibres are the last item in the branches/trunk that rot away. Branch Collar Most gardens of new houses in England in 2023 are too small for trees, and I would recommend using top fruit and soft fruit trained onto the boundaries. If you add a chainlink fence, then you will have plenty of places to tie cordons, espaliers, fans and blackberries. If you want trees, then you can follow their method of putting them into containers as shown on pages 18 and 19, or train the trees as a a 80 (200cm) high hedge and allow 36 inches (90) from the boundary to the lawn for the hedge to grow in with bulbs and mulch between the lawn and the hedge. |