Plants Name

Ivydene Gardens Plants: Groundcover Plant Name - A
The plants normally selected by most landscapers and designers are by nature low-growing, rampant, spreading, creep-crawly things and yet the concept of ground cover demands no such thing. The ideal description of a groundcover plant includes:- a bold dense mass of leaves completely covering the ground most of the year; evergreens gain gold stars. They should require little or no maintenance - if you have to give the plant more than its share of attention, you might as well save your money and spend the time weeding. use the plant on ground areas that are difficult to maintain, such as steep banks or boggy patches. use the plant to cover areas where not much will grow, such as deep shade or sandy soils. Ground Cover a thousand beautiful plants for difficult places by John Cushnie (ISBN 1 85626 326 6) provides details of plants that fulfill the above requirements. Using these groundcover plants in your planting scheme (either between your trees/shrubs in the border or for the whole border) will - with mulching your beds to a 4 inch depth and an irrigation system - provide you with a planted garden with far less time required for border maintainance.
Plant Name with link to page with photos and mail-order nursery in Comments Row	Type with link to mail-order nursery in UK	Height x Spread in inches (cms)	Foliage with link to mail-order nursery in USA	Flower Colour in Month(s)	Comments
Abelia floribunda	Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	120 x 144 (300 x 360)	Glossy Dark Green	Bright Cerise in June	Pruning Group 8. Full Sun Half Hardy Any Soil
Abelia grandiflora 'Francis Mason'	Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 72 (150 x 180)	Coppery-Yellow in Spring and Yellow marked with Dark Green for the rest of the year	White in July-October	Pruning Group 8. Full Sun Frost Hardy Any Soil
Abelia schumannii	Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	72 x 120 (180 x 300)	Bronze in Spring, Mid Green in Summer and Autumn	Slightly scented Orange-marked, Lilac Pink in September-December	Pruning Group 1. Full Sun Frost Hardy Any Soil
Abeliophyllum distichum	Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 60 (150 x 150)	Matt Dark Green turning Purple in Autumn	Fragrant White in February	Pruning Group 5 or 13 if wall-trained. Full Sun. Fully Hardy. Any Soil Open, Spreading The fragrant flowers are borne on the previous year's growth.
Abies koreana groundcover grows on any, clay, lime-free (Acid) or Peaty Soil.	Conical Conifer above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	360 x 240 (900 x 600)	Shiny Dark Green, Silver beneath	Cylindrical Violet-Blue cones From Commons-wikimedia	"Korean Fir". Pruning Group 1. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Conical
Abutilon megapotamicum	Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	72 x 72 (180 x 180)	Bright Green	Yellow petals, Purple stamens, Red calyces in July-December	"Trailing abutilon". Pruning Group 9. Full Sun Frost Hardy Neutral to Acid Soil Arching Habit
Abutilon suntense	Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	144 x 96 (360 x 240)	Grey-Green	White to dark Violet-Blue in June-July	Pruning Group 1. Full Sun Frost Hardy Neutral to Acid Soil
Acacia dealbata	Evergreen Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	600 x 240 (1500 x 600)	Glaucous Silver	Fragrant Yellow in February-March	"Mimosa, Silver Wattle". Pruning Group 8. Full Sun Half Hardy Neutral to Acid Soil Open shape
Acanthus mollis	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 36 (150 x 90)	Dark Green	White in Late Summer	Bear's Breeches Pruning Group 14. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Acanthus spinosus	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 24 (150 x 60)	Dark Green	White with Purple bracts in June-August	Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Acer campestre	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	180 x 120 (450 x 300)	Mid Green in Spring and Summer, Yellow with Red in Autumn	...	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay or Sandy Soil Broadly Upright
Acer capillipes	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	360 x 300 (900 x 750)	Bright Green with Bright Red in Autumn	...	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Acid Clay, Sandy or Peaty Soil Spreading Arching
Acer cappadocium 'Aureum'	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	600 x 360 (1500 x 900)	Bright Yellow in Spring, Light Green in Summer, Green with Yellow tints in Autumn	...	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Acid Clay or Sandy Soil Spreading
Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala (Acer ginnala) groundcover grows on any, clay, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil.	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	336 x 300 (840 x 750)	Bright Green, Red in Autumn	White in June	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay or Sandy Soil Slender Arching
Acer griseum	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	360 x 360 (900 x 900)	Dark Green, Red and Orange in Autumn	Yellow in June	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay, Sand or Peaty Soil Spreading
Acer negundo 'Flamingo'	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	300 x 300 (750 x 750)	Broad Pink margins that turn White in Summer, on Green leaves	...	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay, Sand or Chalk Soil Fast-growing Upright
Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum'	Deciduous Tree above 6 feet in height	144 x 144 (360 x 360)	Reddish-Purple, Brilliant Red in Autumn	Reddish-Purple in April	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay, Sand or Peaty Soil Round-headed
Acer palmatum 'Dissectum Atropurpueum'	Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 60 (90 x 150)	Bronze-Red in Spring, Purple in Summer and Red, Orange and Yellow in Autumn	Bronze-Red in April	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay, Sand or Peaty Soil Mound-forming
Acer palmatum 'Senkaki'	Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	240 x 180 (600 x 450)	Coral-Red in Spring, Orange-Yellow in Summer and Yellow in Autumn	...	Pruning Group 1 from late Autumn to Midwinter. Full Sun or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Clay, Sand or Peaty Soil Round-headed
Achillea clypeolata 'Coronation Gold'	Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 18 (90 x 45)	Silver	Gold in July-August	Pruning Group 16. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming Divide each Spring.
Achillea clypeolata 'Moonshine'	Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 20 (60 x 50)	Silver	Bright Yellow in August	Pruning Group 16. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Mat-forming Divide each Spring.
Achillea ptmarmica 'The Pearl'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	30 x 24 (75 x 60)	Dark Green	White in July-August	Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil Divide in Spring.
Aciphylla aurea groundcover grows on any Soil.	Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 36 (90 x 90)	Grey-Green with bold Yellow margins and midribs	Golden Brown in June-August from Commons-wikimedia	"Bayonet Plant". Pruning Group 16. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Rosette-forming
Aconitum anthora groundcover grows on any Soil.	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 12 (60 x 30)	Dark Green	Pale Yellow in July- August from Commons-wikimedia	The poison in any aconitum can be taken in through the skin, so always wear gloves and cover exposed skin when working with this plant. Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Upright Divide each Spring.
Aconitum napellus 'Newry Blue' groundcover grows on any Soil.	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 12 (150 x 30)	Dark Green	Mid Blue in July- August	"Monkshood". Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil Erect
Aconitum x cammarum 'Bressingham Spire' groundcover grows on any Soil.	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 12 (90 x 30)	Dark Green	Violet in August- October from Hardy Plant Society	Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil Erect Companions for Aconitum are grasses, astrantia, astilbe, cimicifuga (actaea) and eupatorium.
Actinidia kolomikta	Deciduous Climber above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	160 x indefinite (150 x indefinite)	Dark Green, Purple tinged in Spring, Dark Green becoming variegated with White and Pink in the top half of the leaf in Summer and Autumn	Fragrant White in June	Pruning Group 11 in late winter. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Twining Climber
Adiantum pedatum	Deciduous Fern below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	12 x 12 (30 x 30)	Mid Green	...	Pruning Group 15. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil Erect Grow in woodland or shady border
Adiantum venustum	Evergreen Fern below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x indefinite (15 x indefinite)	Bronze-Pink in Spring, Mid Green remainder of year	...	"Himalayan Maidenhair Fern". Pruning Group 15. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil Grow in woodland or shady border
Aegopodium podagraria 'Variegatum' groundcover grows on any, clay, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil.	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x indefinite (60 x indefinite)	Deep Green margined and splashed Creamy White	Creamy-White in June	"Variegated Ground Elder". Invasive plant. Pruning Group 14. Full or Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Soil, but prefers Clay Soil Groundcovering. Invasive
Aesculus parviflora	Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	132 x 168 (330 x 420)	Bronze in Spring, Mid Green in Summer, Yellow in Autumn	White in July-August	"Bottlebrush buckeye". Pruning Group 1 when dormant. Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Suckering. Suitable for medium sized garden
Agapanthus campanulatus groundcover grows on any, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil.	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 18 (90 x 45)	Greyish Green	Blue in July-August	Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Agapanthus campanulatus 'Albidus' groundcover grows on any, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil.	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 18 (90 x 45) All Agapanthus contrast well with yellow flowers. Easily combined with kniphofia, crocosmia, phygelius, potentilla and iris.	Mid Green striped White	White in August- September	Tender. Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Agapanthus 'Dorothy Palmer' groundcover grows on any, Lime-free (Acid) or Sandy Soil.	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 24 (90 x 60)	Dark Green	Rich Blue in July-August	Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Agapanthus dyeri (Agapanthus inapertus subsp. intermedius)	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 12 (90 x 30)	Mid Green	Blue in August- September	Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Ajuga reptans 'Atropurpurea'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 36 (15 x 90)	Reddish-Purple	Dark Blue in April-June	Pruning Group 16. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming groundcover
Ajuga reptans 'Burgundy Glow'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 24 (15 x 60)	Silvery Green suffused deep Wine-Red	Dark Blue in June-July	Pruning Group 16. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming groundcover
Ajuga reptans 'Catlins Giant'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 24 (15 x 60)	Dark Bronze and Purple	Dark Blue in June-July	Pruning Group 16. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming groundcover
Ajuga reptans 'Multicolor'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 24 (15 x 60)	Dark Bronze Green leaves marked with Cream and Pink	Dark Blue in April-June	Pruning Group 16. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming groundcover
Ajuga reptans 'Rainbow'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 24 (15 x 60)	Dark Bronze in Green marked with cream and pink	Dark Blue in June-July	Pruning Group 16. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming groundcover
Ajuga reptans 'Variegata'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 24 (15 x 60)	Grey-Green leaves margined and splashed Cream	Dark Blue in April-June	Pruning Group 16. Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming groundcover
Akebia quinata	Semi-Evergreen Climber above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	336 x 36 (840 x 90)	Mid Green, Tinged Purple in Autumn	Fragrant Red-Purple in April	Pruning Group 11 after flowering. Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Twining Climber
Alcea rosea (Althaea rosea)	Biennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 12 (60 x 30)	Pale green	Different colours in Summer and Autumn	"Hollyhock". Cannot be grown alongside foxgloves. Grow as biennial to limit growth of hollyhock rust. Pruning Group 14. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Tall upright inflorescences
Alchemilla alpina	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	4 x 20 (10 x 50)	Deep green	Yellow-Green in July-September	"Alpine Ladies Mantle". Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Mat-forming
Alchemilla conjuncta	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	16 x 12 (40 x 30)	Dark Green	Yellow-Green in June-August	Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Alchemilla erythropoda	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	10 x 8 (25 x 20)	Bluish Green	Yellowish-Green in June- September	Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Alchemilla mollis	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	20 x 20 (50 x 50)	Pale green	Greenish-yellow in August	"Lady's mantle". Dead-head after flowering, as it self-seeds profusely. Pruning Group 14. Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Alnus viridis	Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	120 x 72 (300 x 180)	Mid-Green above, Yellow-Green beneath	Yellow-brown catkins in April	"Green Alder". Thrives in wet situations. Pruning Group 1 between leaf fall and midwinter. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Upright
Alnus cordata	Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	960 x 360 (2400 x 900)	Glossy Dark Green	Yellow catkins in March-April	"Italian Alder". Thrives in dry situations. Pruning Group 1 between leaf fall and midwinter. Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist or Dry Soil Conical
Althaea armeniaca	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 12 (120 x 30)	Dark Green	Deep Rose-Pink in July-September	Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Erect
Alyssum montanum 'Mountain Gold'	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 18 (15 x 45)	Grey	Fragrant Golden Yellow in June	Trim lightly after flowering to maintain compactness. Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Gritty Soil Mat-Forming
Alyssum wulfenianum	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 18 (15 x 45)	Grey or White-hairy	Pale Yellow in June	Trim lightly after flowering to maintain compactness. Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Gritty Soil Tufted
Amelanchier laevis	Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	240 x 240 (600 x 600)	Bronze in Spring, Mid Green in Summer, Red or Orange in Autumn	White in April	"Allegheny serviceberry". Blue-Black Fruit. Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Acid Moist Soil Broadly Spreading
Amelanchier lamarcki	Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	276 x 240 (690 x 600)	Bronze in Spring, Dark Green in Summer, Red and Orange in Autumn	White in April-May	Purple-Black Fruit. Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Acid Moist Soil Broadly Spreading
Amsonia illustris	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 18 (120 x 45)	Glossy Bright Green	Light Blue in May-June	Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Anaphalis margaritacea	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 24 (60 x 60)	Mid Green	White in August- October	"Pearl Everlasting". Use dried as Winter decoration. Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil, which must not dry out in the Summer. Clump-forming
Anchusa azurea	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 24 (120 x 60)	Dark Green	Gentian Blue in June	Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Erect Clump-forming
Andromeda polifolia 'Alba'	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	16 x 24 (40 x 60)	Dark Green	White or Pale Pink in April-June	"Common Bog Rosemary, Marsh andromeda". Pruning Group 16 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Acid Moist Soil Semi-Prostrate
Anemone apennina See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	8 x 12 (20 x 30)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	Blue in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Semi-Prostrate
Anemone blanda 'Atrocaerulea' See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 6 (15 x 15)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	Deep Blue in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Anemone blanda 'Radar' See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 6 (15 x 15)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	Magenta with white centres in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Anemone blanda 'Violet Star' See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 6 (15 x 15)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	Amethyst with White backs in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Anemone coronaria See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 6 (15 x 15)	Green	Blue, White or Pink in April-May	Plant in Spring. Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Light Sandy Soil Erect
Anemone hupehensis See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 16 (60 x 40)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	White or Pink in July-August	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Erect
Anemone japonica 'Honorine Jobert' See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 24 (150 x 60)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	White in August-October	"Syn Anemone x hybrida". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Erect
Anemone nemorosa See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	4 x 12 (10 x 30)	Mid Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	White in April-June	"Windflower". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Creeping
Anemone ranunculoides See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	2 x 18 (5 x 45)	Mid Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	Deep Yellow in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Spreading
Anemone rivularis See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	30 x 12 (75 x 30)	Dark Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	White, Blue on reverse in May-June	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Anemone sylvestris See other Anemones in Allium and Anemone Gallery	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	18 x 18 (45 x 45)	Mid Green in Autumn, Winter and Spring	White in May-June	"Snowdrop Anemone". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Moist Soil Clump-forming
Antennaria dioica rosea	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	2 x 18 (5 x 45)	Grey-green	Rose-pink in May-June	"Cat's Ears, Pussy-toes". Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Mat-forming
Anthemis punctata cupaniana	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	12 x 36 (30 x 90)	Silvery-Grey with dull Grey-Green in Winter	White in june-August	Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Frost Hardy Any Sandy or Gravelly Soil Mat-forming
Anthyllis montana	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	12 x 24 (30 x 60)	Grey-green	Red, Pink or Purple in May-June	Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Clump-forming
Antirrhinum majus	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 12 (90 x 30)	Glossy Deep Green	White, Yellow, Red , Purple in June-October	Use as Bedding annual and as "filler" in newly planted bed. Dead-head to prolong flowering. Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Sand
Aquilegia alpina	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	18 x 12 (45 x 30)	Bluish green	Blue in June	Columbine. Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Gritty, Moist, Sharply drained Soil Upright
Aquilegia chrysantha	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 24 (90 x 60)	Mid Green	Yellow in May-August	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Erect
Aquilegia 'Crimson Star'	Herbaceous Perennial above 2 feet in height	18 x 12 (45 x 30)	Grey-Green	Red and White in May-June	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Upright
Aquilegia vulgaris 'Nora Barlow'	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 20 (60 x 50)	Grey-Green	Red in May-July	"Granny's bonnet". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Upright
Arabis caucasica 'Variegata'	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 18 (15 x 45)	Green margined pale Yellow	White in May	Trim after flowering to maintain compactness. Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Mat-forming
Araucaria araucana	Evergreen Conifer Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	720 x 300 (1800 x 750)	Dark Green	Green cones maturing to Brown	"Chilean Pine, Monkey Puzzle Tree". Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any sandy Soil with shelter from drying winds Conical when young, becoming rounded.
Arbutus menziesii	Evergreen Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	300 x 300 (750 x 750)	Mid-Green	White in October followed by Red fruit which ripen the following Autumn	Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil in sheltered site Rounded to Spreading
Arbutus unedo	Evergreen Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	240 x 300 (600 x 750)	Dark Green	White in October-February	"Strawberry Tree". Edible red fruit Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil in sheltered site Rounded to Spreading
Arctostaphylos patula	Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	72 x 72 (180 x 180)	Bright Green	White or Pink in April-June	"Greenleaf manzanita". Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade or Full Sun Frost Hardy Acid well-drained Soil Spreading
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	4 x 20 (10 x 50)	Bright Green	Pinkish-White in June-July	"Common Bearberry". Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade or Full Sun Frost Hardy Acid well-drained Soil Mat-forming
Arisaema sikokianum	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	18 x 6 (45 x 15)	Dark Green	Deep Purple spathe, White spadix in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Frost Hardy Acid well-drained Soil Stemless
Arisarum proboscideum	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	6 x 10 (15 x 25)	Dark Green	Dark Brown-Purple in April-May	"Mouse plant". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Cushion-forming
Artemesia abrotanum	Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	30 x 30 (75 x 75)	Grey-Green	Yellowish-Grey in July-October	"Lad's love". Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Erect
Artemesia arborescens	Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 60 (90 x 150)	Silvery-White	Yellow in June-October	Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Fully Hardy Sand Upright
Artemesia 'Powis Castle'	Evergreen Sub-Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 48 (90 x 120)	Silvery-Grey	Yellow in July-August	Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Frost Hardy Any well-drained Soil Dense clump
Artemesia schmidtiana	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	12 x 18 (30 x 45)	Silver	Yellow in June-August	Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Spreading silver carpet
Arum creticum	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	12 x 6 (30 x 15)	Dark Green from December-May	White or deep Yellow in April-May	Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Frost Hardy Any well-drained Soil in sheltered site Mat-forming
Arum italicum 'Marmoratum'	Deciduous Tuber Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	12 x 6 (30 x 15)	Pale Green with Cream-veined leaves from January-June	Greenish-White in June	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil in sheltered site Mat-forming
Aruncus dioicus 'Kneiffii'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 18 (120 x 45)	Very finely divided fern-like mid Green leaves	Cream in Jun-July	"Goatsbeard". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Shade Fully Hardy Moist Clay Soil in border or woodland garden Clump-forming
Arundinaria auricoma	Bamboo 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 60 (150 x 150)	Brilliant Yellow with Green stripes and margined with fine bristles	...	Syn Pleioblastus auricomus. Pruning Group 17 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any moist Soil in sheltered site Upright bamboo Grow in open glades in a woodland garden
Arundinaria fortunei	Bamboo below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	15 x 12 (37 x 30)	Dark Green with Cream stripes	...	Syn Pleioblastus variegatus. Pruning Group 17 Full Sun Frost Hardy Any moist Soil in sheltered site Upright bamboo Grow in open glades in a woodland garden
Arundinaria japonica	Evergreen Bamboo above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	138 x 30 (345 x 75)	Mid Green	...	Pruning Group 17 Partial Shade or Full Sun Frost Hardy Any moist Soil in sheltered site Grow as dense hedge or screen
Arundinaria murielae	Evergreen Bamboo above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	120 x 36 (300 x 90)	Bright Green in Spring, Yellow-Green rest of year	...	Syn Fargesia murieliae. "Umbrella Bamboo". Pruning Group 17 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any moist Soil in sheltered site Clump-forming Grow as dense hedge or screen
Arundinaria nitida	Bamboo above 72 inches (180 cms) in height	156 x 36 (390 x 90)	Dark Green	...	Syn Fargesia nitida. "Fountain bamboo". Pruning Group 17 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any moist Soil in sheltered site Grow in a large container
Arundinaria pygmae	Bamboo below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	16 x 36 (40 x 90)	Mid Green	...	Syn Pleioblastus pygmaeus. "Pygmy bamboo". Pruning Group 17 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any moist Soil in sheltered site Upright bamboo Grow in open glades in a woodland garden
Asarina procumbens	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	2 x 24 (5 x 60)	Grey-green	Yellow in June-August	Pruning Group 16 Partial Shade Frost Hardy Any well-drained Sandy Soil Trailing over shady walls or rocks, raised beds or a shady bank.
Asarum europaeum	Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	3 x 12 (7 x 30)	Glossy Dark Green	Greenish-Purple then Brown in May	Pruning Group 16 Partial to Full Shade Fully Hardy Acid well-drained Soil Creeping. Use as ground cover at the edge of a border or grow among shrubs.
Asplenium scolopendrium	Evergreen Fern 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 24 (60 x 60)	Glossy bright Green	...	"Hart's tongue fern". Pruning Group 15 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Alkaline well-drained Soil with added grit Stemless.
Aster alpinus	Herbaceous Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	10 x 18 (25 x 45)	Mid-Green	Violet with Yellow florets in June-July	Daisy-like flowers. Aster novi-belgii. avoid dwarf varieties. Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Spreading, clump-forming. Mulch all asters annually after cutting back in late Autumn
Aster amellus 'King George'	Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	18 x 18 (45 x 45)	Mid Green	Violet-Blue in August-October	Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Clump-forming
Aster novae-angliae	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 24 (150 x 60)	Mid Green	Violet-Purple in August-October	"New England Aster". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained moist Soil Clump-forming
Aster novi-belgii	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 36 (120 x 90)	Mid Green	Violet in August-October	"Michaelmas Daisy". Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained moist Soil Clump-forming
Aster novi-belgii 'Ada Ballard'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 18 (90 x 45)	Mid Green	Lavender-Blue in September-October	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained moist Soil Clump-forming
Aster novi-belgii 'Royal Velvet'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 24 (120 x 60)	Mid Green	Violet-Blue in September-October	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained moist Soil Clump-forming
Aster x frikartii 'Monch'	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	30 x 18 (75 x 45)	Dark Green	Lavender-Blue in July-September	Pruning Group 14 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Upright
Astilbe 'Fanal'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 18 (60 x 45)	Dark Green	Dark Crimson in June-August	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Clump-forming
Astilbe 'Professor van der Wielen'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 39 (120 x 98)	Mid Green	White in July	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Clump-forming
Astilbe 'Straussenfeder'	Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 24 (90 x 60)	Bronze tinted Green in Spring, Dark Green in Summer and Autumn	Coral-Pink in August-September	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Clump-forming
Astrantia major	Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	24 x 18 (60 x 45)	Dark Green	Purple-Red in June-July	Pruning Group 14 Partial Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any well-drained Soil Clump-forming
Athyrium filix-femina	Deciduous Fern 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	48 x 24 (120 x 60)	Light Green	...	"Lady Fern". Pruning Group 15 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Acid moist Soil in sheltered site Erect
Aubretia x cultorum 'Argeneovariegata'	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	2 x 24 (5 x 60)	Mid-Green margined Silvery-White	Pinkish-Mauve in March-May	"Aubretia". Pruning Group 16 Full Sun Fully Hardy Alkaline well-drained Soil Mat-forming
Aucuba japonica	Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 60 (150 x 150)	Mid Green	Purple in May	"Spotted Laurel". Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade or Full Shade or Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Chalk or Clay Soil Rounded
Aucuba japonica 'Crotonofolia'	Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 48 (150 x 120)	Green mottled Yellow	Purple in May	Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Chalk or Clay Soil Rounded
Aucuba japonica 'Rozannie'	Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	36 x 120 (90 x 300)	Dark Green	Red-Purple in May	Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Chalk or Clay Soil Rounded
Aucuba japonica 'Variegata'	Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height	60 x 48 (150 x 120)	Green, Yellow speckled	Reddish-Purple in May	Pruning Group 1 Partial Shade Fully Hardy Any Chalk or Clay Soil Rounded
Aurinia saxatilis 'Citrinia'	Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height	8 x 12 (20 x 30)	Grey-Green	Lemon-Yellow in May-June	"Gold Dust". Pruning Group 1 Full Sun Fully Hardy Any Soil Mound-forming
Azalea	Shrub				Azalea nectar is toxic to bees
Ivydene Horticultural Services	Height in inches (cms):- 25.4mm = 1 inch 304.8mm = 12 inches 12 inches = 1 foot 3 feet = 1 yard 914.4mm = 1 yard I normally round this to 25mm = 1 inch 300mm = 30 cms = 12 inches =1 foot, 900 mm = 3 feet = 1 yard and 1000mm = 100 cms = 1 metre = 40 inches			Site design and content copyright ©December 2006. Page structure changed September 2012. Height x Spread in feet changed to Height x Spread in inches (cms) May 2015. Data added to existing pages December 2017. Chris Garnons-Williams. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.

PLANTS PAGE
MENU
Introduction
Site Map

PLANT USE
Plant Selection
Level 1
Bee Forage Plants
Attracts Bird/Butterfly
Photos - Butterfly

Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms)
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms)
Above 72 inches
(180 cms)
Photos - Bloom per Month
Blooms Nov-Feb
Blooms Mar-May
Blooms Jun-Aug 1, 2
Blooms Sep-Oct

Groundcover Height
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms) 1,2,3
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms) 4,5,6
Above 72 inches
(180 cms) 7

Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
or
Cultivated Poisonous Plants
or
Wildflower Poisonous Plants

Rabbit-Resistant Plant
Flower Arranging
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers

PLANTS FOR SOIL
Plant Selection
Level 2
Info - Any Soil
Any Soil A-F
Any Soil G-L
Any Soil M-R
Any Soil S-Z

Info - Chalky Soil
Chalky Soil A-F 1
Chalky Soil A-F 2
Chalky Soil A-F 3
Chalky Soil G-L
Chalky Soil M-R
Chalky Soil Roses
Chalky Soil S-Z
Chalky Soil Other

Info - Clay Soil
Clay Soil A-F
Clay Soil G-L
Clay Soil M-R
Clay Soil S-Z
Clay Soil Other

Info - Lime-Free (Acid) Soil
Lime-Free (Acid) A-F 1
Lime-Free (Acid) A-F 2
Lime-Free (Acid) A-F 3
Lime-Free (Acid) G-L
Lime-Free (Acid) M-R
Lime-Free (Acid) S-Z

Info - Sandy Soil
Sandy Soil A-F 1
Sandy Soil A-F 2
Sandy Soil A-F 3
Sandy Soil G-L
Sandy Soil M-R
Sandy Soil S-Z

Info - Peaty Soils
Peaty Soil A-F
Peaty Soil G-L
Peaty Soil M-R
Peaty Soil S-Z

Following parts of Level 2a,
Level 2b,
Level 2c and
Level 2d are included in separate columns
together with
Acid Soil,
Alkaline Soil,
Any Soil,
Height and Spread,
Flowering Months and
Flower Colour in their Columns,
and also
Companion Plants to aid this plant Page,
Alpine Plant for Rock Garden Index Page
Native to UK WildFlower Plant in its Family Page in this website
and/or
Level 2cc
in the Comment Column
within each
of the Soil Type Pages of
Level 2

Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources)

PLANTS PAGE MENU

Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Level 2a
Sun aspect, Moisture

Plant Selection by Form
Level 2b
Tree Growth Shape
Columnar
Oval
Rounded / Spherical
Flattened Spherical
Narrow Conical
Broad Pyramidal
Ovoid / Egg
Broad Ovoid
Narrow Vase
Fan
Broad Fan
Narrow Weeping
Broad Weeping
Single-stem Palm
Multi-stem Palm
Shrub/Perennial Growth Habit
Mat
Prostrate / Trailing
Cushion / Mound
Spreading / Creeping
Clump
Stemless
Erect or Upright
Climbing
Arching

Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2c
Bedding
Photos - Bedding
Bog Garden
Coastal Conditions
Containers in Garden
Front of Border
Edibles in Containers
Hanging Basket
Hedge
Photos - Hedging
Pollution Barrier 1, 2
Rest of Border
Rock Garden
Photos - Rock Garden
Thorny Hedge
Windbreak
Woodland

Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2cc Others
Aquatic
Back of Shady Border
Crevice Garden
Desert Garden
Raised Bed
Scree Bed
Specimen Plant
Trees for Lawns
Trees for Small Garden
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers

Plant Selection by Plant Type
Level 2d
Alpine
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - RHS Herbac
Photos - Rock Garden
Annual
Bamboo
Photos - Bamboo
Biennial
Bulb
Photos - Bulb
Climber
Photos - Climber
Conifer
Deciduous Rhizome
Deciduous Shrub
Photos - Decid Shrub
Evergreen Perennial
Photos - Evergr Per

Evergreen Shrub
0-24 inches 1, 2, 3
24-72 inches 1, 2, 3
Above 72 inches 1, 2

Semi-Evergreen Shrub
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Fern
Photos - Fern
Fruit Plant
Grass
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Photos - Herbac Per
Remaining Top Fruit
Soft Fruit
Sub-Shrub
Top Fruit
Tuber
Vegetable
Photos - Vegetable

Photos - with its link; provides a link to its respective Plant Photo Gallery in this website to provide comparison photos.
Click on required comparison page and then centre of selected plant thumbnail. Further details on that plant will be shown in a separate Plant Description webpage.
Usually the Available from Mail Order Plant Nursery link will link you to the relevant page on that website.
I started this website in 2005 - it is possible that those particular links no longer connect, so you may need to search for that plant instead.

When I started, a click on the centre of the thumbnail ADDED the Plant Description Page, now I CHANGE the page instead. Mobile phones do not allow ADDING a page, whereas stand alone computers do. The User Guidelines Page shows which Plant Photo Galleries have been modified to CHANGE rather than ADD.

PLANTS PAGE MENU

REFINING SELECTION
Plant Selection by
Flower Colour
Level 3a
Blue Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Wild Flower

Orange Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Wild Flower

Other Colour Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Wild Flower

Red Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

White Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Decid Tree
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

Yellow Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

Photos - 53 Colours in its Colour Wheel Gallery

Photos - 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery

Plant Selection by Flower Shape
Level 3b
Photos -
Bedding
Evergr Per
Herbac Per

Plant Selection by Foliage Colour
Level 3c
Aromatic Foliage
Finely Cut Leaves
Large Leaves
Other
Non-Green Foliage 1
Non-Green Foliage 2
Sword-shaped Leaves

PRUNING
Plant Selection by Pruning Requirements
Level 4
Pruning Plants

GROUNDCOVER PLANT DETAIL
Plant Selection Level 5
Plant Name - A
Plant Name - B
Plant Name - C
Plant Name - D
Plant Name - E
Plant Name - F
Plant Name - G
Plant Name - H
Plant Name - I
Plant Name - J
Plant Name - K
Plant Name - L
Plant Name - M
Plant Name - N
Plant Name - O
Plant Name - P
Plant Name - Q
Plant Name - R
Plant Name - S
Plant Name - T
Plant Name - U
Plant Name - V
Plant Name - W
Plant Name - XYZ

Then, finally use
COMPANION PLANTING to
aid your plant selected or to
deter Pests
Plant Selection Level 6

To locate mail-order nursery for plants from the UK in this gallery try using search in RHS Find a Plant.

To locate plants in the European Union (EU) try using Search Term in Gardens4You and Meilland Richardier in France.

To locate mail-order nursery for plants from America in this gallery try using search in Plant Lust.

To locate plant information in Australia try using Plant Finder in Gardening Australia.

The following details come from Cactus Art:-

"A flower is the the complex sexual reproductive structure of Angiosperms, typically consisting of an axis bearing perianth parts, androecium (male) and gynoecium (female).

Bisexual flower show four distinctive parts arranged in rings inside each other which are technically modified leaves: Sepal, petal, stamen & pistil. This flower is referred to as complete (with all four parts) and perfect (with "male" stamens and "female" pistil). The ovary ripens into a fruit and the ovules inside develop into seeds.

Incomplete flowers are lacking one or more of the four main parts. Imperfect (unisexual) flowers contain a pistil or stamens, but not both. The colourful parts of a flower and its scent attract pollinators and guide them to the nectary, usually at the base of the flower tube.

partsofaflowersmallest

Androecium (male Parts or stamens)
It is made up of the filament and anther, it is the pollen producing part of the plant. Anther This is the part of the stamen that produces and contains pollen.  Filament This is the fine hair-like stalk that the anther sits on top of. Pollen This is the dust-like male reproductive cell of flowering plants.

Gynoecium (female Parts or carpels or pistil)  It is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary. Each pistil is constructed of one to many rolled leaflike structures.
Stigma
This is the part of the pistil which receives the pollen grains and on which they germinate.  Style
This is the long stalk that the stigma sits on top of ovary.  Ovary
The part of the plant that contains the ovules.  Ovule
The part of the ovary that becomes the seeds.   Petal  The colorful, often bright part of the flower (corolla).  Sepal  The parts that look like little green leaves that cover the outside of a flower bud (calix).  (Undifferentiated "Perianth segment" that are not clearly differentiated into sepals and petals, take the names of tepals.)"

The following details come from Nectary Genomics:-

"NECTAR. Many flowering plants attract potential pollinators by offering a reward of floral nectar. The primary solutes found in most nectars are varying ratios of sucrose, glucose and fructose, which can range from as little a 8% (w/w) in some species to as high as 80% in others. This abundance of simple sugars has resulted in the general perception that nectar consists of little more than sugar-water; however, numerous studies indicate that it is actually a complex mixture of components. Additional compounds found in a variety of nectars include other sugars, all 20 standard amino acids, phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, vitamins, organic acids, oils, free fatty acids, metal ions and proteins.

NECTARIES. An organ known as the floral nectary is responsible for producing the complex mixture of compounds found in nectar. Nectaries can occur in different areas of flowers, and often take on diverse forms in different species, even to the point of being used for taxonomic purposes. Nectaries undergo remarkable morphological and metabolic changes during the course of floral development. For example, it is known that pre-secretory nectaries in a number of species accumulate large amounts of starch, which is followed by a rapid degradation of amyloplast granules just prior to anthesis and nectar secretion. These sugars presumably serve as a source of nectar carbohydrate.

WHY STUDY NECTAR? Nearly one-third of all worldwide crops are dependent on animals to achieve efficient pollination. In addition, U.S. pollinator-dependent crops have been estimated to have an annual value of up to $15 billion. Many crop species are largely self-incompatible (not self-fertile) and almost entirely on animal pollinators to achieve full fecundity; poor pollinator visitation has been reported to reduce yields of certain species by up to 50%."

The following details about DOUBLE FLOWERS comes from Wikipedia:-

"Double-flowered" describes varieties of flowers with extra petals, often containing flowers within flowers. The double-flowered trait is often noted alongside the scientific name with the abbreviation fl. pl. (flore pleno, a Latin ablative form meaning "with full flower"). The first abnormality to be documented in flowers, double flowers are popular varieties of many commercial flower types, including roses, camellias and carnations. In some double-flowered varieties all of the reproductive organs are converted to petals — as a result, they are sexually sterile and must be propagated through cuttings. Many double-flowered plants have little wildlife value as access to the nectaries is typically blocked by the mutation.

There is further photographic, diagramatic and text about Double Flowers from an education department - dept.ca.uky.edu - in the University of Kentucky in America.

"Meet the plant hunter obsessed with double-flowering blooms" - an article from The Telegraph.

THE 2 EUREKA EFFECT PAGES FOR UNDERSTANDING SOIL AND HOW PLANTS INTERACT WITH IT OUT OF 15,000:-

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 2 QUARTZ GRAIN SIBLINGS, and
HOW ROOTS OF PLANTS ARE IN CONTROL IN THE SOIL
before continuing in this website.

Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources)

Choose 1 of these different Plant selection Methods:-

1. Choose a plant from 1 of 53 flower colours in the Colour Wheel Gallery.

2. Choose a plant from 1 of 12 flower colours in each month of the year from 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery.

3. Choose a plant from 1 of 6 flower colours per month for each type of plant:-

Aquatic
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
Deciduous Tree
Evergreen Perennial
Evergreen Shrub
Evergreen Tree
Hedging
Herbaceous Perennial
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron nectar is toxic to bees
Rose
Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
Wild Flower

4. Choose a plant from its Flower Shape:-

Shape, Form
Index
Flower Shape

5. Choose a plant from its foliage:-

Bamboo
Conifer
Fern
Grass
Vegetable

6. There are 6 Plant Selection Levels including Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in
Plants Topic.

7. when I do not have my own or ones from mail-order nursery photos , then from March 2016, if you want to start from the uppermost design levels through to your choice of cultivated and wildflower plants to change your Plant Selection Process then use the following galleries:-

Create and input all plants known by Amateur Gardening inserted into their Sanders' Encyclopaedia from their edition published in 1960 (originally published by them in 1895) into these
- Stage 1 - Garden Style Index Gallery,
  then
- Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery being the only gallery from these 7 with photos (from Wikimedia Commons) ,
  then
- Stage 3 - All Plants Index Gallery with each plant species in its own Plant Type Page followed by choice from Stage 4a, 4b, 4c and/or 4d REMEMBERING THE CONSTRAINTS ON THE SELECTION FROM THE CHOICES MADE IN STAGES 1 AND 2
- Stage 4a - 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery,
- Stage 4b - 12 Foliage Colours per Month Index Gallery with
- Stage 4c - Cultivation, Position, Use Index Gallery and
- Stage 4d - Shape, Form Index Gallery
- Unfortunately, if you want to have 100's of choices on selection of plants from 1000's of 1200 pixels wide by up to 16,300 pixels in length webpages, which you can jump to from almost any of the pages in these 7 galleries above, you have to put up with those links to those choices being on
  - the left topic menu table,
  - the header of the middle data table and on
  - the page/index menu table on the right of every page of those galleries.

There are other pages on Plants which bloom in each month of the year in this website:-

12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
Plants Blue, Orange, Red, Yellow, White, Other Colours which lead on to other pages
Colour Wheel - All Flowers per Month 12
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Deciduous Shrub
Deciduous Tree
Evergreen Perennial
Evergreen Shrub
Evergreen Tree
Herbaceous Perennial
Rhododendron
Rose
Wild Flower

Plants for Cut Flowers in
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with flowers in
Jan,
Feb,
Mar,
Apr,
May 1, 2
Jun,
Jul,
Aug,
Sep,
Oct,
Nov,
Dec

Indoor Bulbs for
December
January
February
Indoor Bulbs for
March
April
May
Indoor
Bulbs for
June
July
August
Indoor Bulbs for
September
October
November
Plant Bloom
Dec-Jan
Feb-Mar
Plant Bloom
Apr-May
Jun-Aug
Plant Bloom
Sep-Oct
Nov-Dec

Topic
Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CedarGravel creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.
Companion Planting
...A, B, C, D, E,
...F, G, H, I, J, K,
...L, M, N, O, P, Q,
...R, S, T, U, V, W,
...X, Y, Z
...Pest Control
...using Plants
Garden
Construction
with ground drains
Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
...RHS Mixed
Borders
......Bedding Plants
......Her Perennials
......Other Plants
......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.
Plants
...in Chalk (Alkaline) Soil
......A-F1, A-F2,
......A-F3, G-L, M-R,
......M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy Clay Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Lime-Free
(Acid) Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Light Sand Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...Poisonous Plants
...Extra Plant Pages

Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
...How roots of plants are in control in the soil
...Without replacing Soil Nutrients, the soil will break up to only clay, sand or silt
...Subsidence caused by water in Clay
...Use water ring for trees/shrubs for first 2 years
Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

................

........

If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 flower colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape
Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evgr
...Heather Shrub
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evgr
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron
Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use with 3 separate rose indices on each usage of rose page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable

Wild Flower is below

The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index

or
use the choices in the following Flower/Foliage Colour
Colour Wheel Galleries
you could use these Flower Colour Wheels with number of colours
All Flowers 53
All Flowers per Month 12 - My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020, followed by this Website
...User Guidelines
or
Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers per Month 12
...Index
or
Rock Garden and Alpine Flower Colour Wheel with number of colours
Rock Plant Flowers 53
...Rock Plant Photos
or
A Foliage Colour Wheel using 212 web-safe colours instead of the best Colour Wheel of 2058 colours in the Pantone Goe System
All Foliage 212
or
Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index

Topic - Butterfly Wildlife on Plant Photo Gallery
Butterfly
Usage of Plants
by Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly usage of
Plant A-C
Plant C-M
Plant N-W
Butterfly usage of Plant

Wild Flower
with its
flower colour page,
space,
Site Map page in its flower colour
NOTE Gallery
...Blue Note
...Brown Note
...Cream Note
...Green Note
...Mauve Note
...Multi-Cols Note
...Orange Note
...Pink A-G Note
...Pink H-Z Note
...Purple Note
...Red Note
...White A-D Note
...White E-P Note
...White Q-Z Note
...Yellow A-G Note
...Yellow H-Z Note
...Shrub/Tree Note

Poisonous
Wildflower Plants

You can find the wild flower in one of the 23 Wild Flower Galleries or the Colour Wheel
Gallery

If
you know its name, use
Wild Flower Plant Index a-h,
Wild Flower Plant Index i-p or
Wild Flower Plant Index q-z

you know which habitat it lives in,
use
Wild Flowers on
Acid Soil Habitat Table,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush, or
is a Sedge

you know which family it belongs to, use
Wild Flower Family Pages menu above and right

you have seen its flower or seed, use
Comparison Pages
in Wild Flower
Gallery to identify it or

you have seen its flower, use Comparison Pages containing Wild Flower Plants and Cultivated Plants in the Colour Wheel Gallery

followed by all the Wild Flower Family Pages:-

There are 180 families in the Wildflowers of the UK and they have been split up into 22 Galleries to allow space for up to 100 plants per gallery.

Each plant named in each of the Wildflower Family Pages may have a link to:-

its Plant Description Page in its Common Name in one of those Wildflower Plant Galleries and will have links

to external sites to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name,

to see photos in its Flowering Months and

to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 1
(o)Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
(o)Arrow-Grass
(o)Arum
(o)Balsam
Bamboo
(o)Barberry
(o)Bedstraw
(o)Beech
(o)Bellflower
(o)Bindweed
(o)Birch
(o)Birds-Nest
(o)Birthwort
(o)Bogbean
(o)Bog Myrtle
(o)Borage
(o)Box
(o)Broomrape
(o)Buckthorn
(o)Buddleia
(o)Bur-reed
(o)Buttercup
(o)Butterwort
(o)Cornel (Dogwood)
(o)Crowberry
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
(o)Daffodil
(o)Daisy
(o)Daisy Cudweeds
(o)Daisy Chamomiles
(o)Daisy Thistle
(o)Daisy Catsears (o)Daisy Hawkweeds
(o)Daisy Hawksbeards
(o)Daphne
(o)Diapensia
(o)Dock Bistorts
(o)Dock Sorrels

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 2
(o)Clubmoss
(o)Duckweed
(o)Eel-Grass
(o)Elm
(o)Filmy Fern
(o)Horsetail
(o)Polypody
Quillwort
(o)Royal Fern
(o)Figwort - Mulleins
(o)Figwort - Speedwells
(o)Flax
(o)Flowering-Rush
(o)Frog-bit
(o)Fumitory
(o)Gentian
(o)Geranium
(o)Glassworts
(o)Gooseberry
(o)Goosefoot
(o)Grass 1
(o)Grass 2
(o)Grass 3
(o)Grass Soft Bromes 1
(o)Grass Soft Bromes 2
(o)Grass Soft Bromes 3
(o)Hazel
(o)Heath
(o)Hemp
(o)Herb-Paris
(o)Holly
(o)Honeysuckle
(o)Horned-Pondweed
(o)Hornwort
(o)Iris
(o)Ivy
(o)Jacobs Ladder
(o)Lily
(o)Lily Garlic
(o)Lime
(o)Lobelia
(o)Loosestrife
(o)Mallow
(o)Maple
(o)Mares-tail
(o)Marsh Pennywort
(o)Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 3
(o)Mesem-bryanthemum
(o)Mignonette
(o)Milkwort
(o)Mistletoe
(o)Moschatel
Naiad
(o)Nettle
(o)Nightshade
(o)Oleaster
(o)Olive
(o)Orchid 1
(o)Orchid 2
(o)Orchid 3
(o)Orchid 4
(o)Parnassus-Grass
(o)Peaflower
(o)Peaflower Clover 1
(o)Peaflower Clover 2
(o)Peaflower Clover 3
(o)Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
(o)Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
(o)Pink 1
(o)Pink 2
Pipewort
(o)Pitcher-Plant
(o)Plantain
(o)Pondweed
(o)Poppy
(o)Primrose
(o)Purslane
Rannock Rush
(o)Reedmace
(o)Rockrose
(o)Rose 1
(o)Rose 2
(o)Rose 3
(o)Rose 4
(o)Rush
(o)Rush Woodrushes
(o)Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
(o)Sandalwood
(o)Saxifrage

WILD FLOWER FAMILY
PAGE MENU 4
Seaheath
(o)Sea Lavender
(o)Sedge Rush-like
(o)Sedges Carex 1
(o)Sedges Carex 2
(o)Sedges Carex 3
(o)Sedges Carex 4
(o)Spindle-Tree
(o)Spurge
(o)Stonecrop
(o)Sundew
(o)Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
(o)Teasel
(o)Thyme 1
(o)Thyme 2
(o)Umbellifer 1
(o)Umbellifer 2
(o)Valerian
(o)Verbena
(o)Violet
(o)Water Fern
(o)Waterlily
(o)Water Milfoil
(o)Water Plantain
(o)Water Starwort
Waterwort
(o)Willow
(o)Willow-Herb
(o)Wintergreen
(o)Wood-Sorrel
(o)Yam
(o)Yew

Topic - Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag to your desktop:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord
Garden Flowers - Pages
A1, 2, 3, 4,
5,
6, 7, 8, 9,
10,
11, 12, 13,

The plant with photo in the above Camera Photo Galleries
join
the plants with photos in the other Plant Photo Galleries below in
Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens
A 1, Photos
B 1, Photos
C 1, Photos
D 1, Photos
E 1, Photos
F 1, Photos
G 1, Photos
H 1, Photos
I 1, Photos
J 1, Photos
K 1, Photos
L 1, Photos
M 1, Photos
N 1, Photos
O 1, Photos
P 1, Photos
Q 1, Photos
R 1, Photos
S 1, Photos
T 1, Photos
U 1, Photos
V 1, Photos
W 1, Photos
X 1 Photos
Y 1, Photos
Z 1 Photos
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens

Flower Colour, Number of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-

Rock Garden
...within linked page

Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Rose
...Bedding
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container
...Hedge
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES

and

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Fragrant Plants:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2

Ivydene Gardens Plants: Groundcover PlantName - A

Using these groundcover plants in your planting scheme (either between your trees/shrubs in the border or for the whole border) will - with mulching your beds to a 4 inch depth and an irrigation system - provide you with a planted garden with far less time required for border maintainance.

Ivydene Gardens Plants:
Groundcover Plant
Name - A