Ivydene Gardens: WELCOME |
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TOPIC TABLE is TABLE 1 on left has the same topic list menu on every page of this website with its like tip colour background to Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process row.
This TOPIC TABLE may be moved to the extreme right due to the constraints imposed by the other tables ------ These 2 rows detail what each section of this page is about. |
DATA TABLE is TABLE 2 is this second one for a page of data about that chosen topic. Top row of the DATA TABLE states the Page Title and Bottom row states Ivydene Gardens Copyright, Logo and email. It has Design, Construct and Maintain Private Garden topic summaries with Plant Selection Methods precis in White Background. 1,000's of Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers |
PAGE/INDEX TABLE is on the right of this DATA TABLE for a topic containing menu to data pages for the chosen topic. If this topic is in the Plant Photos Galleries section below Row 1 Words in red on this page are website user instructions/ details. The To get to Tables 3, TABLE 9 AND |
Come and visit the country that banned slavery, "A letter from Stephen Robinson to his local Member of Parliament Rishi Sunak - If "The Duke of Sussex believes his children cannot “feel at home” in the UK if it is “not possible to keep them safe there, the High Court has heard" in December 2023, then can you? WHEN YOU FIND
Because nobody
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Since nobody pays any attention to the above information, there is no point in you reading it.
I cannot believe the stupidity of the FTSE100 companies in this way of planting 350,000,000 trees in the UK:-
Above article in Page 46 Business of i on Monday 11 March 2024. The above trees have been planted in a field laid to grass to feed cows, horses or sheep. It is probably quite an aged meadow in this field.
---------- UK National Debt was roughly £1,080,000,000,000 in 2009,
As things stand, the British army would already run out of ammunition within a few days if called upon to fight and would take up to 10 years to field a modern warfighting division of some 25,000 to 30,000 troops.
It is very kind of the UK to spend a lot of money on providing food for the 1,000,000 in Gaza,
If a country exports sewage to kill the algae in the sea that provide oxygen for us to breathe and cannot defend itself, or feed itself, |
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Garden Maintenance Hard Landscaping Garden Design Soft Landscaping Garden Design
The Wild Flower Gallery and the Wildlife on Plant Butterfly Gallery show the relationship between the Butterfly and its plant to aid the creation of a wildlife friendly section to your garden. See plant details of all UK Wildflowers in Wild Flower Botanical Names Index or Wild Flower Common Names Index. Garden Construction On to Plant Selection by locating each of the UK Wildflower -
Then use Wildflower Flower Shape and Landscape Uses Gallery which will contain (starting in February 2022) the wildflower/cultivated plants from the following books to provide Landscaping Lists by Flower Shape, Site, Flower Colour, Habit, Bloom by Season, Preference, Use, Planted in Soil and Plant Form:-
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1. Choose a plant from 1 of 53 flower colours in the Colour Wheel Gallery. 2. Choose a plant from 1 of 12 flower colours in each month of the year from 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery. 3. Choose a plant from 1 of 6 flower colours per month for each type of plant:- 4. Choose a plant from its Flower Shape or Fragrance:- Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders 5. Choose a plant from its foliage:- 6. There are 6 Plant Selection Levels including Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in 7. Choose a Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers from its own gallery with comparisons per month of 12 flower colours. Currently in September 2022, the following galleries are being updated; starting with the Index :- 8. Choose plant by its use as part of the design process 9. Choose plants for butterflies to use. 10. when I do not have my own or ones from mail-order nursery photos , then from March 2016, if you want to start from the uppermost design levels through to your choice of cultivated and wildflower plants to change your Plant Selection Process then use the following galleries:-
or 11. Choose ground cover plants.
Ground Cover a thousand beautiful plants for difficult places by John Cushnie (ISBN 1 85626 326 6) provides details of plants that fulfill the above requirements. Using these groundcover plants in your planting scheme (either between your trees/shrubs in the border or for the whole border) will - with mulching your beds to a 4 inch depth and an irrigation system - provide you with a planted garden with far less time required for border maintainance.
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Click on number between 1-7 from 12 Colour or 1-6 from Black Sections or Wild White to see all the plant flowers (1381 cultivated - with another 115 roses in the Rose Plants Gallery, another 270 bulbs in the Bulb Gallery, and 628 native to the UK wildflower) in this website with their:-
in one of the above 53 Flower Colour Wheel pages to create your colour coordinated flower schemes. Each Plant Description can then be selected by clicking on the:-
The Colour Wheels of 1. and 2. add many of these plants from 3. together for comparison purposes. |
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4. Choose a plant from its Flower Shape or Fragrance:- Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders |
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You can select plants for your garden using the following hierarchy as further detailed in Plants:-
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Click on Flower Colour in the Colour Wheel below to Click on the OOO in the Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index below to link to those bee-pollinated plants of that flower colour in that month or any of Enumber indicates Empty Index Page.
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Other Plant Uses are given in the indices Uses of Bulb in Bulb Shape Gallery:- with these Rose Use and Bedding Use Pages:-
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Wild Flower |
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Unfortunately, if you want to have 100's of choices on selection of plants from 1000's of 1200 pixels wide by up to 16,300 pixels in length webpages, which you can jump to from almost any of the pages in these 7 galleries above, you have to put up with those links to those choices being on |
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It is so sad, that she has to lie down, and... Irrelevant material like this row, with
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...to prevent cows from eating our native orchid plants, we must put the orchids in chicken-wire cages:- |
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"The Green Tree of Love's Mystery" by |
PAGE/INDEX TABLE HOME PAGES - Use this website in Landscape mode on an iPAD instead of an iPHONE, when away from home.
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Other items in this table about trees in pavements below might be of interest:-
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Will visitors to Madeira worry about having branches or trees in public places fall on them? No; according to Engineer Francisco Pedro Freitas Andrade of Est. Marmeleiros, No 1, Jardins & Espaces Verdes who is Chef de Diviso Câmara Municipal do Funchal; Departamento de Ciência e de Recursos Naturais; Divisão de Jardins e Espaços Verdes Urbanos in charge of the trees within the pavements within the area controlled by Funchal Municipality -
1. Could Madeira use this tree in its current state as Cheap Staff Accomodation for
Photo 10 - tree 101 from pestana promenade to forum tree hollow trunk IMG_6063.JPG in Try not to be on the zebra crossing when it does fall if there is no repair. This tree probably has the same width of live trunk left
note the splits in the exposed heartwood, where the heartwood is starting to fail. Below is a diagram showing how thin are the 3 top layers of a tree/shrub which provide protection and power to live for that tree and how easy it is to be damaged without the tree being able to repair that damage:-
3. The following photo comes from Madeira Island News.com with the accompanying text dated 30 July 2018:- "A set of iron foundations placed around some trees of regional road 104, in the stretch between the PSP and the Ponte Vermelha, in Ribeira Brava, are conditioning the growth of the trees and generating controversy.
4. Another report from Madeira about trees:- “What we saw there is very worrying,” says Paulo Brito, who photographed some of the trees with their roots in sight without the necessary support to stand. In his opinion, “a stronger wind is enough that they come down”, others that have been severely burned by the last fires and are dead, “just waiting to fall”. We saw large branches and trees already with a level of inclination for the road, almost at a stage of a possible tragedy. The road also needs a lot of attention as it is in a very bad state and is a road used by locals and many tourists, as one of the main routes to Paul da Serra. Taken from Funchal News.
5. If you put a shrub/tree in a very small volume of ground and allow it to grow, there will come a point where the weight of the tree/shrub above ground exceeds the weight of the earth/roots below the ground and so it becomes unstable and falls over as you can see in an evening for falling trees in October 2017 article. The earth in the hole where the shrub is surrounded by impervious material is not enough area or depth for its roots to continue to provide itself with a stable platform as it matures. Tree Root Systems - 130/95/ARB - by Martin Dobson of Arboricultural Advisory and Information Service:-
6. "This tree was tied with plastic baling twine to a fence when very young. The white section shows the width at which it was tied. This tree top snapped in the wind.
7. 166 trees in the pavements in a short section of a road in Funchal, Madeira are being slowly, starved, dehydrated, asphyxiated, poisoned by tarmac and concrete, burnt inside their hollow trunks, roots pounded by 40 ton lorries or shoes of pedestrians, and allowed to rot until killed off during February 2019 (see information in Problems with trees in pavements in Funchal, Madeira in January/February 2018 Page, which appears to have had no effect) as shown by my 433 photos in the following pages (and further detailed in the following Camera Photo Galleries Pavements of Funchal, Madeira Damage to Trees 1, 2, 3, 4):-
The people of Madeira and/or VAN DEN BERK NURSERIES could SOLVE THESE TREE PROBLEMS they could continue to kill these trees and others in the same situation elsewhere on the island or
I could use Companion Planting, but I am sure that the above is enough for me to start with in taking 400 hours per day leaving my time schedule for sleep and nourishment not executed, Although the above is about the trees in the pavements in Madeira, other towns in other countries may find the information within it useful. There are also Problems with Trees in Pavements in Guernsey, in September 2019 Page.
8. I have noticed in my home town that herbicide has been spread
The legumes like mustard between spring to autumn will replace the bare earth, which would otherwise grow weeds and look unsightly - it does not matter if some mustard grows into the grassed areas, since it would be cut down. Overall maintenance cost would thus be greatly reduced and the trees would benefit.
9. The section below explains why grass has such a detrimental effect on trees/shrubs/ or other plants planted within it:- This shows the roots of 1 ryegrass plant, which had been removed from the foundation bed of Type I MOT Roadstone in a client's garden. You can see that this plant has tens of yards or metres of root to absorb water. "Most turf grass roots are concentrated in the first 6-8 inches (15-20 cms) of soil. Try to irrigate only one or two inches of water per week during the turf growing season. You could irrigate the whole amount of water at one time, however most folks have better results splitting the amount into two separate applications. Please note however in sandy soils where the water percolates more rapidly it may benefit you to split the applications into three separate irrigation cycles. You do not want to irrigate more than three times a week because you would be applying so little water the outcome would be shallow roots." "Native Grass Meadow
Have you ever wondered how much grass is at a Major League Baseball stadium? ALTHOUGH THE VOLUME OF DRINKING WATER IS REDUCING IN THE SOUTH-EAST, MANY NEW HOMES ARE BEING BUILT AND SO FAR DESALINATION PLANTS OR MORE RESERVOIRS HAVE NOT BEEN BUILT TO KEEP UP WITH THE EXTRA DEMAND. AS EACH HOME IS BEING BUILT IT REDUCES THE LAND AREA FOR RAIN TO SOAK INTO THE LAND TO BE COLLECTED IN CHALK AQUIFERS OR WATER RESERVOIRS - THE NUMBER OF CHAMBERS FILLED WITH BULLETS IN THE REVOLVER FOR RUSSIAN ROULETTE IS INCREASING FROM 3 TOWARDS ALL 6 AND THIS IS BEING CARRIED AS GOVERNMENT POLICY. Photo 5 - tree 23 from end of 2 road junction tree in garden IMG_6222.JPG The roots of this tree are at ground level where they compete with the grass and other plants. Replace the grass with GREEN MANURE such as everlasting spinach to provide nitrogen to the tree roots as a legume rather than the grass which takes away the water and any application of fertiliser or nutrients in an organic mulch. The roots of the tree can then migrate below ground. The area where the above tree is planted is not usually trafficked by the public,
10. Since I was adding to the 97 out 706 ferns to the Fern Gallery, I thought you might be interested in the following to explain why the current treatment of growing plants in pavements in Madeira is lacking in care:- "Understanding Fern Needs
11. Only Earthworms provide the tunnels which transport water, gas and nutrients to and from tree roots When the roots of the plant requires the mineral nutrients dissolved in soil water, oxygen and nitrogen intake and waste gases output, it gets it through the action of the earthworm continously making tunnels to provide the transport system. This earthworm activity aerates and mixes the soil, and is conducive to mineralization of nutrients and their uptake by vegetation. Certain species of earthworm come to the surface and graze on the higher concentrations of organic matter present there, mixing it with the mineral soil. Because a high level of organic matter mixing is associated with soil fertility, an abundance of earthworms is generally considered beneficial by farmers and gardeners.
12. The easiest and quickest solution for existing pavement areas using pavers or paving slabs is the SuDSFLOW System using paving spacers for permeable paving. Simply take up the paver/paving slab and re-install with the spacer and laying coarse sand if you cannot afford to also install the correct subgrade. You would then end up with redundant pavers/paving slabs and the same system could be used elsewhere. |
TABLE 4 Ivydene Gardens Photo Damage to Trees in Madeira:
Parts of Table 4 has been transferred to Work Details of my Ivydene Horticultural Services page as Other Table 4, where lack of education has led to very dangerous situations for the public and holiday visitors walking under these trees on pavements in Madeira. Unfortunately this dangerous situation is in every country in the world, since public care of trees is sublimated to greed.
"Any tree planted within 3 feet (90 cms) of a wall will damage the foundations of that wall.
using a cement mixer and refill that hole, firming the ground with your heels after each foot (30 cms) of height has been added." from Deciduous and Evergreen Trees Suitable for Small Gardens List Page that I originally created in December 2006. |
From Page 29 of Medway Matters Spring 2023 states Comments:-
From Climate adaptation and resilence of Medway Council Medway Tree Fund
The following is copied from the Duchy of Cornwall Nursery website:- Maidens, Whips and Barefoot Trees Becky, the Nursery gardener provides informative advice on bare-rooted trees, the different types available and how to plant a tree successfully. At the nursery we sell a good range of ornamental and fruit trees. They are sold in two basic forms. They may be in a pot (pot-grown or containerised) where they have an established rootball. Alternatively, they may be bare-rooted (sometimes called barefoot). In this case they will have been dug out of the ground and will come with roots exposed and no soil attached. There are pros and cons for both forms. Pot-grown trees can be supplied and planted at any time of year. They are however very vulnerable to drying out if planted in late spring or summer, and will need regular generous watering. The roots may take longer to grow out into the surrounding soil and become established. They have a relatively small root system for the canopy they are required to support. Bare-rooted trees are dug out of the ground as the tree loses its leaves and becomes dormant, usually in November. They only become available in the autumn, and must be planted before spring – March at the very latest. Once they are out of the ground the naked roots must be kept damp and dark at all times until they are committed to the earth in their final planting place. Bare-rooted trees tend to come in smaller sizes because larger trees are much harder to dig up. Larger pot-grown trees are useful for making an instant impact, but a bare-rooted tree will often catch up and overtake a larger pot-grown specimen of the same variety within a few years. Bare-rooted trees are usually cheaper, and represent better value, though fewer varieties are available. There is a third way of buying trees which is somewhere in between the other two. It is called root-balled. In this case the tree is dug out of the ground and the root ball is instantly wrapped, usually in hessian, to hold some soil around the roots. This is a temporary measure; the rootball can dry out easily and the hessian can break down so these need to be treated the same way as bare-rooted trees. They are best planted with the hessian in place. It will soon rot down and will not prevent good root growth. Autumn is the ideal time to plant all trees because the ground is still warm enough for root growth, and there is maximum time for the roots to become established in the soil before the tree wakes up in spring and requires water. Whichever type you plant, you must make sure they never dry out in their first summer. A really good soak once a week is better than a watering can full splashed over the surface every day. We also sell whips. This term is used to describe young (usually one or two year old) seed grown trees which have had no pruning or training. It is an economical way to plant a large number of trees, hedging plants, or a hedgerow. They are easy to transport, and quick to plant and establish. Maiden is another term you will hear, particularly in relation to fruit trees. A maiden is a young fruit tree with a single leader and some side shoots, but importantly has had no pruning or training. Fruit trees are almost always grafted, and a maiden will have been grafted one or two years before and is usually 1-2m tall (depending on the rootstock). A maiden is the starting point for all pruning shapes. Espaliers, fans and cordons all start off as maidens. When you come to select your tree, whatever form you are looking at, there are some simple steps to success. Firstly, make sure the label you are reading is attached to the tree you are considering, and not a branch of the adjacent tree. Secondly, look at the tree as a whole. Inspect the trunk, it should be straight and undamaged. Examine the graft (if there is one). This should be neat and have no cracks, damaged patches, or growth coming out of it. Imagine looking at the tree from above and note how the branches are spaced around the trunk. The branches should be spread evenly to give a balanced shape in maturity. If you were planning to plant your tree against a wall or hedge it would be less important if it was a bit lopsided. To plant a tree successfully, first dig a hole one and a half times bigger and deeper than the pot or roots of the tree. A square hole is considered better than a round one as it prevents the roots from circling around the hole, and encourages them to penetrate the surrounding soil. Break up the soil in the bottom of the hole. If the soil is poor or stony some organic matter, or compost, can be mixed in. We recommend the use of Rootgrow, which introduces beneficial mycorrhizal fungi into the rooting zone. It has been shown to promote healthy root growth. It looks like grey instant coffee granules, and can be sprinkled on the roots, or rootball, just before it is placed in the hole. Potted trees should be given a good soak prior to planting. Place the tree in the hole so the point where the roots meet the trunk is level with the surrounding ground. Refill the hole with soil making sure there are no air pockets, and the tree remains upright. Firm the soil around the tree and water well. You may need to top up the soil if it settles after watering. Staking is recommended. The purpose of a stake is to hold the roots motionless in the soil. A low stake is best as it allows the top of the trunk to flex, which in turns sends hormones to the roots to promote root growth. If the rootball is allowed to move in the hole the newly developing roots get broken and the tree will fail to anchor itself. This is known as windrock. Filling the planting hole entirely with compost is not a good idea as it can become waterlogged and sloppy. Aim to keep the area around the tree free from grass and weeds which would rob the tree of nutrients. And finally, if there is any chance of a rabbit visiting, apply a tree guard. Rabbits can reach approximately 50cm up the trunk and can nibble the bark off a tree in minutes. A very expensive snack."
The effect of all the new buildings being erected in the town centre of Chatham is to create wind tunnels, which will become even worse once the scaffolding has been removed. The proposed park area is to include a weekly market beside the bus station. The market holders will require restraints to stop their wares from being blown off their tables and all bus passengers must be warned to wear arctic clothing to ward off being wind chilled. So, the above reason for that method of staking is very important, otherwise when the stake support is removed, then the trunk of each new tree will snap. The more trees that are planted in that centre, the more likely it is that the wind speed will be reduced by having to go through the branches with their leaves. I did not notice any irrigation system for those trees, perhaps the local authority is relying on rain during a dry summer draining off the pavement into the soil covering their roots. Ground-Cover Plants for Large Areas - with particular reference to factory sites, schools, hospitals and areas under municipal control - may help in that park area as detailed in Groundcover Plant Q Page. But Due to the brilliance of the following in this table in killing off trees
I cannot see the point of providing further information about Ground-Cover for large areas for use by local authorities in the UK. Perhaps other countries can read and understand English.
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HISTORY OF THIS. If the UK government want to have private health care service rather than the National Health Service, then it will continue the process of
WITH HOW THAT HAS BEEN DONE.
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This leads to loss of homes for 50% of the English population, because you cannot live without water:-
Currently, the UK is rapidly becoming bankrupt where its tax collected will be going to pay only the interest on its National Debt, while:-
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Row 6 If members of the UK public complain then Government's Public Order Act 2023 will put them in jail. Speech to the House of Lords 08/06/23 Baroness O’Grady, moving amendment C1: [At end insert “and do propose Amendment 4B in lieu— 4B: Page 4, line 40, at end insert— “234CA Protection of employees (1) A person is not subject to a work notice if they have not received a copy of it in accordance with the time limits specified in section 234C(3). (2) It is for the employer to prove that the work notice was received in conformity with subsection (1).(3) An employee may not be dismissed or subjected to any detriment for failing to comply with a work notice and any such dismissal shall be treated as a dismissal to which section 152 applies and any such detriment shall be treated as a detriment to which section 146 applies.(4) A work notice does not place a contractual obligation on an employee to comply with it.””] “My Lords, this Motion seeks to uphold a principle long established in British law: that workers on strike are protected against the sack. Noble Lords will recall the concerns of the noble and learned Lord, Lord Judge, at Second Reading. He said that: On 10 January, the then Business Secretary Grant Shapps said it was wrong to frighten people about their jobs. The Minister has said on many occasions, including on 21 February: On 22 May, the Under-Secretary of State told the House of Commons that The official reason from the Commons for rejecting my original amendment is that So the consequence of exercising the human right to withdraw your labour is the removal of protection against unfair dismissal. In a free society, that is chilling. The very workers Ministers thanked for their heroism during the pandemic and stood on doorsteps to clap can be punished for striking with instant dismissal. Her amendment was voted against by the House of Commons, so very soon if you strike in England, then you will be sacked. |
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Row 7
This kills the fish, as well as people/ visitors/ students from the UK and overseas/ swimmers in the waterways and from the beaches in the UK, and via the seas to surrounding European countries of 1,000,000's of tons of pollution. Would you be interested in
Britain's Members of Parliament are not prepared to do anything about the dumping of pollutants into our rivers (Just one stretch of English river, the Wharfe at Ilkley, Yorkshire, has bathing water status, compared to 420 in France) by the privatised Water Companies, and then the sea. |
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Row 8
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Row 9
This table has been transferred to About Chris Garnons-Williams, with my page. This is warning 18:-
Page 9 of I newspaper of Friday 17 March 2023 reports the following:-
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Row 10
"Tax on your private pension contributions from UK Government (18 March 2023) Contents Lifetime allowance What counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.
Your pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you’re in so they can check if you’re above your lifetime allowance when you:
Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance Rates
Your lifetime allowance (LTA) is the maximum amount you can draw from pensions (workplace or personal) in your lifetime without paying extra tax. This figure is currently £1,073,100, but it's being abolished from April 2024. My Comments - |
Table X. See what happens when a growing child is treated the same way as a tree in a pavement.
You normally eat and drink at least 3 times every day to keep you growing, healthy and active; 2 minor points to remember with their result-
Unfortunately Maderia is not the only country to totally ignore one of the basic requirements of humans - to breathe; it would appear that many including my own also do not bother that we are asphyxiating ourselves.
So lets see what would happen if we did to a growing child what we do to trees in pavements, like the Maple which is more than 24 inches (60 cms) into a main road:- |
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Tree 30 feet = 360 inches = 900 cms high and wide with radius of 15 feet for its roots |
Adult 5.5 feet = 66 inches = 165 cms high with same width and root radius as tree. She has a 50cm radius, thick copper, band round her neck. |
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Roots in 63.64 square metres |
May receive water on 1 square metre so only 1.57% of the roots get water |
Mouth |
May receive water only on 1.57% of her mouth opening and that is only when it is raining or someone provides irrigation. |
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May transfer carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen through the ground to only 1.57% of roots |
Nose and Skin |
Breathing through only 1.57% of her nose and 1.57% of her skin |
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May transfer nutrients to only 1.57% of roots. |
Mouth |
May receive nutrients through only 1.57% of her mouth |
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98.43% of the roots will have to rely on the 1.57% of the roots to provide nourishment to keep them searching for underground water, underground other sources of nutrients and access to the atmosphere for gaseous exchange. |
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She is thirsty, starving and out of breath |
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Some exposed roots get run over by 40 ton lorries every day and others buried within 60cms also receive the same punishment. |
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I doubt her toes would last long. |
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1 or 2 of the 7 main roots are cut off. Support of tree is compromised. |
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Her big toes are cut off, which makes it difficult for her to maintain her balance in strong winds. |
Junction of Roots and above ground Trunk |
This Maple tree has exceeded its 100 cm diameter ground space and is now sitting on top of tarmac, concrete pavers and concrete slabs. These prevent the live trunk above from meeting the main root below. This means that amount of trunk supporting the tree above is becoming less and less able to provide the strength to support the tree. A strong wind will snap the tree at this point |
Neck |
The neck has exceeded 50cms radius. Her body and head have continued to grow. Because of the copper band her head may well break off in a high wind. Removing the copper band will also break her neck, since the muscles in the neck will not be able to hold the extra weight. |
Trunk |
Due to lack of nutrients, water and gaseous exchange in the root area, it is difficult to create new branches or leaves. |
Head and hair |
The skin is stretched over the face in a gaunt expression and the hair is short and thin, due to same lack as for the trees. |
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Old branches fall off in the wind creating jagged tears in the trunks. These then rot and the rot continues down the heartwood of the tree, since no-one maintains these trees. This root weakens the tree and eventually it will fall down. |
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Any damage caused by wind, rain or objects hitting the face are not repaired and can lead to unfortunate results. |
Conclusion |
Strange that people need plants to get the oxygen they breathe every day, but do not connect that thought that these trees provide that oxygen.
Those trees will die and fall down. |
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Since your daughter would have died long ago, if she had suffered the above, why do you make the trees suffer? |