Landscaping List of Bloom by Season

Topic - Over 1060 links in this table to a topic in a topic folder or page within that folder of this website
Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CEDAdrive creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.

Companion Planting
A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,
F ,G ,H ,I ,J ,K ,
L ,M ,N ,O ,P ,Q ,
R ,S ,T ,U ,V ,W ,
X, Y, Z
...Pest Control
...using Plants to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected plant or deter its pests

Garden
Construction
with ground drains
Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
...RHS Mixed
Borders
......Bedding Plants
......Her Perennials
......Other Plants
......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.

Plants
...Groundcover A,
B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
I, J, K, L, M, N, O,
P, Q, R, S, T, U, V,
W, XYZ with 14 Special Situations.
...in Chalk (Alkaline) Soil A-F1, A-F2,
A-F3, G-L, M-R,
M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy Clay Soil A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z
...in Lime-Free (Acid) Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...in Light Sand Soil
A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z.
...Poisonous Plants.
...Extra Plant Pages
with its 6 Plant Selection Levels

Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
...How roots of plants are in control in the soil
...Without replacing Soil Nutrients, the soil will break up to only clay, sand or silt
...Subsidence caused by water in Clay
...Use water ring for trees/shrubs for first 2 years.

Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

Topic -
Plant Photo Galleries
with Plant Botanical Index
...A, B, C, D, E,
...F, G, H, I, J, K,
...L, M, N, O, P, Q,
...R, S, T, U, V, W,
...X, Y, Z

If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 or 7 flower colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries, as a low-level Plant Selection Process
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape

Bulb Index
A1, 2, 3, B, C1, 2,
D, E, F, G, Glad,
H, I, J, K, L1, 2,
M, N, O, P, Q, R,
S, T, U, V, W, XYZ
...Allium/ Anemone
...Autumn
...Colchicum/ Crocus
...Dahlia
...Gladiolus with its 40 Flower Colours
......European A-E
......European F-M
......European N-Z
......Eur Non-classified
......American A
......American B
......American C
......American D
......American E
......American F
......American G
......American H
......American I
......American J
......American K
......American L
......American M
......American N
......American O
......American P
......American Q
......American R
......American S
......American T
......American U
......American V
......American W
......American XYZ
......Ame Non-classified
......Australia - empty
......India
......Lithuania
...Hippeastrum/ Lily
...Late Summer
...Narcissus
...Spring
...Tulip
...Winter
...Each of the above ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages
...Flower Shape
...Bulb Form
...Bulb Use
...Bulb in Soil

Further details on bulbs from the Infill Galleries:-
Hardy Bulbs
...Aconitum
...Allium
...Alstroemeria
...Anemone
...Amaryllis
...Anthericum
...Antholyzas
...Apios
...Arisaema
...Arum
...Asphodeline
...Asphodelus
...Belamcanda
...Bloomeria
...Brodiaea
...Bulbocodium
...Calochorti
...Cyclobothrias
...Camassia
...Colchicum
...Convallaria  ...Forcing Lily of the Valley
...Corydalis
...Crinum
...Crosmia
...Montbretia
...Crocus
...Cyclamen
...Dicentra
...Dierama
...Eranthis
...Eremurus
...Erythrnium
...Eucomis
...Fritillaria
...Funkia
...Galanthus
...Galtonia
...Gladiolus
...Hemerocallis
...Hyacinth
...Hyacinths in Pots
...Scilla
...Puschkinia
...Chionodoxa
...Chionoscilla
...Muscari
...Iris
...Kniphofia
...Lapeyrousia
...Leucojum
...Lilium
...Lilium in Pots
...Malvastrum
...Merendera
...Milla
...Narcissus
...Narcissi in Pots
...Ornithogalum
...Oxalis
...Paeonia
...Ranunculus
...Romulea
...Sanguinaria
...Sternbergia
...Schizostylis
...Tecophilaea
...Trillium
...Tulip
...Zephyranthus
Half-Hardy Bulbs
...Acidanthera
...Albuca
...Alstroemeri
...Andro-stephium
...Bassers
...Boussing-aultias
...Bravoas
...Cypellas
...Dahlias
...Galaxis,
...Geissorhizas
...Hesperanthas
...Gladioli
...Ixias
...Sparaxises
...Babianas
...Morphixias
...Tritonias
...Ixiolirions
...Moraeas
...Ornithogalums
...Oxalises
...Phaedra-nassas
...Pancratiums
...Tigridias
...Zephyranthes
...Cooperias
Uses of Bulbs:-
...for Bedding
...in Windowboxes
...in Border
...naturalized in Grass
...in Bulb Frame
...in Woodland Garden
...in Rock Garden
...in Bowls
...in Alpine House
...Bulbs in Greenhouse or Stove:-
...Achimenes
...Alocasias
...Amorpho-phalluses
...Arisaemas
...Arums
...Begonias
...Bomareas
...Caladiums
...Clivias
...Colocasias
...Crinums
...Cyclamens
...Cyrtanthuses
...Eucharises
...Urceocharis
...Eurycles
...Freesias
...Gloxinias
...Haemanthus
...Hippeastrums
...Lachenalias
...Nerines
...Lycorises
...Pencratiums
...Hymenocallises
...Richardias
...Sprekelias
...Tuberoses
...Vallotas
...Watsonias
...Zephyranthes
...Plant Bedding in
......Spring
......Summer
...Bulb houseplants flowering inside House during:-
......January
......February
......March
......April
......May
......June
......July
......August
......September
......October
......November
......December
...Bulbs and other types of plant flowering during:-
......Dec-Jan
......Feb-Mar
......Apr-May
......Jun-Aug
......Sep-Oct
......Nov-Dec
...Selection of the smaller and choicer plants for the Smallest of Gardens with plant flowering during the same 6 periods as in the previous selection

Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...A,B,C,D,E,F,G,
...H,I,J,K,L,M,N,
...O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,
...V,W,X,Y,Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evergreen
...Heather Shrub
...Heather Index
......Andromeda
......Bruckenthalia
......Calluna
......Daboecia
......Erica: Carnea
......Erica: Cinerea
......Erica: Others
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evergreen
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...A1,2,B,C,D,E,F,G,
...H,I,J,K,L,M,N,
...O,P1,2,Q,R,S,T,U,
...V,W,XYZ,
...Diascia Photo Album,
...UK Peony Index
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron

Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Pruning Methods
Photo Index R 1, 2, 3
Peter Beales Roses
RV Roger Roses

Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable
Wild Flower and
Butterfly page links are in next row

Topic -
Butterflies in the UK mostly use native UK wildflowers.

Butterfly Species.

Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly Usage
of Plants.

Plant Usage by
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly.

Wild Flower
...Flower Shape and Landscape Uses

with its
flower colour page,
space,
Site Map page in its flower colour NOTE Gallery
...Blue Note
...Brown Botanical Names
...Cream Common Names
...Green Note
...Mauve Note
...Multi-Cols Note
...Orange Note
...Pink A-G Note
...Pink H-Z Note
...Purple Note
...Red Note
...White A-D Note
...White E-P Note
...White Q-Z Note
...Yellow A-G Note
...Yellow H-Z Note
...Shrub/Tree Note

Poisonous
Wildflower Plants.

You know its name, use Wild Flower Plant Index a-h, i-p, q-z.
You know which habitat it lives in, use
on Acid Soil,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush, or
is a Sedge.
You have seen its flower, use Comparison Pages containing Wild Flower Plants and Cultivated Plants in the Colour Wheel Gallery.

Each plant named in each of the 180 Wildflower Family Pages within their 23 Galleries may have a link to:-
1) its Plant Description Page in its Common Name column in one of those Wildflower Plant Galleries and will have links,
2) to external sites to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name column,
3) to see photos in its Flowering Months column and
4) to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.

WILD FLOWER FAMILY PAGE MENU
(o)Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
(o)Arrow-Grass
(o)Arum
(o)Balsam
Bamboo
(o)Barberry
(o)Bedstraw
(o)Beech
(o)Bellflower
(o)Bindweed
(o)Birch
(o)Birds-Nest
(o)Birthwort
(o)Bogbean
(o)Bog Myrtle
(o)Borage
(o)Box
(o)Broomrape
(o)Buckthorn
(o)Buddleia
(o)Bur-reed
(o)Buttercup
(o)Butterwort
(o)Cornel (Dogwood)
(o)Crowberry
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
(o)Daffodil
(o)Daisy
(o)Daisy Cudweeds
(o)Daisy Chamomiles
(o)Daisy Thistle
(o)Daisy Catsears (o)Daisy Hawkweeds
(o)Daisy Hawksbeards
(o)Daphne
(o)Diapensia
(o)Dock Bistorts
(o)Dock Sorrels
(o)Clubmoss
(o)Duckweed
(o)Eel-Grass
(o)Elm
(o)Filmy Fern
(o)Horsetail
(o)Polypody
Quillwort
(o)Royal Fern
(o)Figwort - Mulleins
(o)Figwort - Speedwells
(o)Flax
(o)Flowering-Rush
(o)Frog-bit
(o)Fumitory
(o)Gentian
(o)Geranium
(o)Glassworts
(o)Gooseberry
(o)Goosefoot
(o)Grass 1
(o)Grass 2
(o)Grass 3
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 1
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 2
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 3
(o)Hazel
(o)Heath
(o)Hemp
(o)Herb-Paris
(o)Holly
(o)Honeysuckle
(o)Horned-Pondweed
(o)Hornwort
(o)Iris
(o)Ivy
(o)Jacobs Ladder
(o)Lily
(o)Lily Garlic
(o)Lime
(o)Lobelia
(o)Loosestrife
(o)Mallow
(o)Maple
(o)Mares-tail
(o)Marsh Pennywort
(o)Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
(o)Mesem-bryanthemum
(o)Mignonette
(o)Milkwort
(o)Mistletoe
(o)Moschatel
Naiad
(o)Nettle
(o)Nightshade
(o)Oleaster
(o)Olive
(o)Orchid 1
(o)Orchid 2
(o)Orchid 3
(o)Orchid 4
(o)Parnassus-Grass
(o)Peaflower
(o)Peaflower
Clover 1
(o)Peaflower
Clover 2
(o)Peaflower
Clover 3
(o)Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
(o)Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
(o)Pink 1
(o)Pink 2
Pipewort
(o)Pitcher-Plant
(o)Plantain
(o)Pondweed
(o)Poppy
(o)Primrose
(o)Purslane
Rannock Rush
(o)Reedmace
(o)Rockrose
(o)Rose 1
(o)Rose 2
(o)Rose 3
(o)Rose 4
(o)Rush
(o)Rush Woodrushes
(o)Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
(o)Sandalwood
(o)Saxifrage
Seaheath
(o)Sea Lavender
(o)Sedge Rush-like
(o)Sedges Carex 1
(o)Sedges Carex 2
(o)Sedges Carex 3
(o)Sedges Carex 4
(o)Spindle-Tree
(o)Spurge
(o)Stonecrop
(o)Sundew
(o)Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
(o)Teasel
(o)Thyme 1
(o)Thyme 2
(o)Umbellifer 1
(o)Umbellifer 2
(o)Valerian
(o)Verbena
(o)Violet
(o)Water Fern
(o)Waterlily
(o)Water Milfoil
(o)Water Plantain
(o)Water Starwort
Waterwort
(o)Willow
(o)Willow-Herb
(o)Wintergreen
(o)Wood-Sorrel
(o)Yam
(o)Yew

Topic -
The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index

Topic -
Flower/Foliage Colour Wheel Galleries with number of colours as a high-level Plant Selection Process

All Flowers 53 with
...Use of Plant and
Flower Shape - page links in bottom row

All Foliage 53
instead of redundant
...(All Foliage 212)

All Flowers
per Month 12

Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers
per Month 12
...Index

Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
Rock Plant Flowers 53 INDEX
A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L,
M, NO, PQ, R, S,
T, UVWXYZ
...Rock Plant Photos

Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours
per Month Index
...All Plants Index

Topic -
Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Uses of Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Uses of Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Uses of Rose
Rose Index
...Bedding 1, 2
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower 1, 2
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container 1, 2
...Hedge 1, 2
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil 1, 2
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES

Topic -
Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag it to your desktop as part of a Plant Selection Process:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord - 1036 photos only inserted so far - Garden Flowers - Start Page of each Gallery
AB1 ,AN14,BA27,
CH40,CR52,DR63,
FR74,GE85,HE96,

Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187
A 1, 2, Photos - 43
B 1, Photos - 13
C 1, Photos - 35
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Photos - 411
with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal
E 1, Photos - 21
F 1, Photos - 1
G 1, Photos - 5
H 1, Photos - 21
I 1, Photos - 8
J 1, Photos - 1
K 1, Photos - 1
L 1, Photos - 85
with Label Problems
M 1, Photos - 9
N 1, Photos - 12
O 1, Photos - 5
P 1, Photos - 54
Q 1, Photos -
R 1, 2, 3,
Photos - 229
S 1, Photos - 111
T 1, Photos - 13
U 1, Photos - 5
V 1, Photos - 4
W 1, Photos - 100
with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams
X 1 Photos -
Y 1, Photos -
Z 1 Photos -
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens - 88
Flower Colour, Num of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-
Rock Garden
within linked page

Topic -
Fragrant Plants as a Plant Selection Process for your sense of smell:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2

Topic -
Website User Guidelines

My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020.

Ivydene Gardens Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery: List of Bloom by Season - May-Jun from Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0 Emily Brown has been a member of the National Committee of the Garden Club of America as well as a founding member of the Filoli Gardens and an ardent supporter of the Srybing Arboretum in San Francisco. She is writing about perennials for use in America.
Evergreen Perennial Name is Royal Blue. Alpine Evergreen Perennial if Text Background is Blue. Wildflower Name is in Black	Flower Colour	Flower Thumb-nail	Flowering Months / Form	Height x Spread in inches (cms) (1 inch = 2.5 cms, 12 inches = 1 foot 12 inches = 30 cms, 24 inches = 2 feet, 3 feet = 1 yard, 40 inches = 100 cms)	Foliage Colour	Comments	Use	List of Bloom by Season - May-Jun
								Actaea
Aethionema 'Warley Rose' (Stone Cress 'Warley Rose')	Pink Occured spontan-eously at Warley Place, the garden of Ellen Willmott in Essex and received an RHS Award of Garden Merit in 1913.	Pompom	May, June, July, August Mat-Forming	4-6 x 20 (10-15 x 50)	Blue-grey, narrowly oblong, 0.5 inches or more long.	Ideal for the rock garden, bedded in gravel, raised bed, trained up a dry wall or pot plant in the Alpine House. Plant with Arenaria montana, Aster alpinus 'Pinkie' and Campanula portenschlagiana	Dry, well-drained, Chalk or Acid Sand with Limestone chippings in Full Sun. Evergreen Sub-Shrub / Alpine. See Aethionema in Rock Garden Plants for other cultivars and cultivation details.	Aethionema Sub-shrub Evergreen Sun. A. x warleyense (A. 'Warley Rose'). Borders or Rock Gardens. Flowers mostly in Spring / Summer. Neat, Bushy habit
								Agapanthus
								Ajuga
								Alchemilla
								Alstroemeria
								Anchusa
Anemone coronaria 'de Caen' (Anemone bucharica, Florist Anemones, Poppy Anemone, Windflower)	Red, Blue or White	4 petalled star shape bloom	Mar-Jun Spreading. Floret Where soil is not moist, soaking the tubers in lukewarm water for about 24 hours will speed start of growth. Once started, plants must be given adequate moisture until flowering is past and foliage begins to die down.	12 x 6 (30 x 15) Natural habitat is sandy soil enriched by leaf mould in established woodlands, where they receive both full sun and part shade. In light sandy soils an addition of peat with bone meal and dried blood helps.	Dark Green Does not grow well in gardens in cooler climates, prefers warmth. Ok outside in South of England and Holland. Plant tubers 3 inches (7.5 cm) deep and spaced about 3 inches apart in bold drifts in Sep-Oct for spring-flowering; Mar/Apr for Jun-Jul flowering; May-Jun for Sep flowering. Between June and August, lift and divide tubers after foliage has died down every 2 or 3 years.	Well-drained Chalk, Sand Full Sun Moist. Mulch with fallen autumn leaves to provide frost protection and food during the winter with moisture retension in the summer. This is the cut flower of early spring found at the florist. Suitable Anemones for the Rock garden:- Anemone alpina Anemone apennina Anemone blanda Anemone coronaria Anemone fulgens Anemone hepatica Anemone hortensis Anemone narcissiflora Anemone nemerosa Anemone pratensis Anemone pulsatilla Anemone sulphurea Anemone sylvestris	Pans in Alpine House, Rock Garden. Must be given protection of frames or greenhouses in colder areas. Companions:- Alyssum, Arabis, Aster alpinus, Centaurea dealbata, Coreopsis, Digitalis, Gypsophila paniculata, Hemerocallis (yellow cultivars), Iris (rhizomatous white and yellow cultivars), Kniphofia (yellow cultivars). Underplant Peonies (white and yellow cultivars), Verbascum, Rhododendron species, Cotoneaster, Berberis, Acer palmatum, Deutzia gracilis and Weigela.	Anemone Full Sun, Part Shade. Deciduous Tuber. 3 Groups - 1. Poppy Anemone, then A. coronaria, A. hortensis, A. pavonina See further details about Anemones in Allium Anemone Gallery. My suggestion for Anemones in the UK: Plant in 6 inch (15 cm) pot and plunge in outside bed after frost has passed, let them flower and then lift them and place in cold frost-free greenhouse during the winter without watering them.
Anemone blanda (Grecian Windflower, Fair Windflower, Greek Windflower)	Deep Blue	Clump. Many petalled Star-shape flower on stem	Apr-May	6 x 6 (15 x 15)	Dark Green	Chalk, Sand with Leaf-Mould. Part Shade, Full Sun Moist Companion plants from Department of Horticultural Science of NC State University for Anemone blanda and its cultivars	Woodlands, Mass plant. Deer, rabbit resistant. Cold greenhouse. Ground cover. Rock garden. Carpet under small deciduous shrubs.	Anemone Full Sun, Part Shade. Deciduous Tuber. 3 Groups - 3. Wood Anemone A. pulsatilla, A. nemerosa, A. palens, A. blanda A. sylvestris
								Anigozanthos
Aquilegia canadensis (Canadian Columbine) All aquilegia seeds and roots are poisonous, since they contain cardiogenic toxins which cause both severe gastroenteritis and heart palpitations if consumed as food	Red spur and red sepals with Yellow petals. Attracts butterflies and humming-birds for the nectar from the spurs	Mat-Forming	Apr-Jun Only lives for about 3-4 years, so plant it in a place where it be can set seed. You can dig up your new seedlings in autumn and replant them where you want, or just collect the seeds and scatter them in bare patches in the border.	36 x 12 (90 x 30)	Pale Green, fern-like, lacy leaves	Native to Eastern USA on roadside banks and in dappled shade, North America and Canada on rocky outcrops and woodland. Well drained, moisture-retentive Sand or Chalk with Humus or rocky gravel soil. Full Sun but it prefers Part Shade. Moist - do not the soil dry out. Alpine House Pot cultivation and propagation details in its Plant Description Page.	Excellent plant for between small shrubs, in a rock garden and in the Alpine House. Companions with Viola, alchemilla mollis, geranium, hemerocallis, paeonia, digitalis, hosta, euphorbia and pulmonaria. Plant any of the Allium family nearby to ward off aphids.	Aquilegia Open Shade. Evergreen Alpine. A. glandulosa, A. jucunda, A. siberica, A. flabellata, A. ecalcarata, A. saximontana, Aquilegia of alpines - see details in Rock Garden Plant Index A. See also A. atrata for Part Shade, and A. vulgaris for Full Sun or Part Shade
								Arabis
								Arenaria
								Aubrietia
								Aurinia
								Baptisia
								Bellis
								Caltha
								Campanula
								Cerastium
								Cheiranthus
								Chelidonium
								Clintonia
								Convallaria
								Convolvulus
								Cornus
								Corydalis
								Cymbalaria
								Cynoglossum
								Dianthus
								Dicentra
								Digitalis
								Doronicum
								Draba
								Epimedium
								Erigeron
								Erysimum
								Erythronium
								Eupatorium
								Euphorbia
								Felicia
								Fragaria
								Francoa
								Galium
								Gentiana
								Geranium
								Glaucium
								Helianthemum
								Helleborus
								Hemerocallis
								Hepatica
								Heuchera
								Hypericum

PERENNIAL - EVERGREEN GALLERY PAGES

FLOWER COLOUR
Blue
Orange
Other Colours
Red
Pink
White
Yellow

FOLIAGE COLOUR
Black
Blue
Brown
Bronze
Green1
Green2
Grey
Purple
Red
Silver
Variegated White
Variegated Yellow
White
Yellow
Autumn Colour
4 Season Colour

FORM
Mat-forming
Prostrate
Mound-forming
Spreading
Clump-forming
Stemless
Upright
Climbing
Arching

FRUIT COLOUR
Fruit

FLOWER BED PICTURES
Garden

WILDFLOWER
FLOWER SHAPE GALLERY PAGES

Site Map of pages

Introduction

scabiosashapecolumbaria1a1 Pincushions - The pincushions of plants such as scabious (Scabiosa columbaria from BritishFlora) are in reality compound flowerheads, with a dome of central florets surrounded by larger florets.

BLUE WILDFLOWER GALLERY PAGES

FLOWER COLOUR
Blue
Brown
Cream
Green
Mauve
Multi-Cols
Orange
Pink A-G
Pink H-Z
Purple
Red
White A-D
White E-P
White Q-Z
Yellow A-G
Yellow H-Z
Shrub/Tree

WILDFLOWER BLOOM SEASON, FOLIAGE COLOUR and
FORM
in table alongside on the left

HABITAT LISTS
Coastal and Dunes.
Broad-leaved
Woods.
Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk.
Heaths and Moors.
Hedgerows and Verges.
Lakes, Canals and Rivers.
Marshes, Fens,
Bogs.
Old Buildings and Walls.
Pinewoods.
River Banks and
other Freshwater Margins.
Saltmarshes.
Sandy Shores and Dunes.
Shingle Beaches, Rocks and
Cliff Tops.
Other.

LISTS
Edible Plant Parts.
Flower Legend.
Food for
Butterfly/Moth.
Flowering plants of Chalk and Limestone Page 1
Page 2.
Flowering plants of Acid Soil
Page 1
Pollinator .
Poisonous Parts.
Scented Flower, Foliage, Root.
Story of their Common Names.
Use of Plant with Flowers
Use for Non-Flowering Plants

SEED COLOUR
Seed 1
Seed 2

7 Flower Colours per Month in Colour Wheel below in the EVERGREEN PERENNIAL Gallery.

Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month.

colormonthbulb9a1a1a

Wildflower and Evergreen Perennials Height from Text Border in this and their Galleries

Brown =
0-12 inches (0-30 cms)

Blue =
12-24 inches
(30-60 cms)

Green =
24-36 inches
(60-90 cms)

Red =
36-72 inches
(90-180 cms)

Black =
72+ inches
(180+ cms)

Wildflower and Evergreen Perennials Soil Moisture from Text Background in this and their Galleries

Wet Soil

Moist Soil

Dry Soil

The Plant Height Border in this Gallery has changed from :-
Blue = 0-2 feet (0-24 inches), Green = 2-6 feet (24-72 inches), Red = 6+ feet (72+ inches) to

Brown = 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)
Blue = 12-24 inches (30-60 cms)
Green = 24-36 inches (60-90 cms)
Red = 36-72 inches (90-180 cms)
Black = 72+ inches (180+ cms)

Flowering months range abreviates month to its first 3 letters (Apr-Jun is April, May and June).
Click on thumbnail to change this comparison page to the Plant Description Page of the Evergreen Perennial - or to the Description of the Wildflower - named in the Text box below that photo.
The Comments Row of that Evergreen Perennial / Wildflower Description Page details where that Evergreen Perennial / Wildflower is available from.

Ivydene Gardens Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery:
List of Bloom by Season - May-Jun
from Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0
Her ideas about Perennials (a plant that lasts for more than 2 growing seasons) include Herbaceous Perennials and Evergreen Perennials, and most of the other plant types except Annuals and Biennials:-

vegetables (Asparagus - It is widely cultivated as a herbaceous vegetable crop, Crambe),
true sedge (Carex),
bamboo (Arundinaria),
subshrub (Eriogonum),
reed (Arundo),
shrubs (Artemisia - Hardy Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs, Rubus - Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses),
"Mostly large shrubs or trees" (Aralia)
fern (Adiantum),
climber (Clematis) and
bulb (Lilium - genus of herbaceous flowering plants growing from bulbs)
as well.

In this Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery, all the above Plant Types together with Annuals and Biennials of the Wildflowers will be used as well.

Evergreen Perennial Name is Royal Blue.

Alpine Evergreen Perennial if Text Background is Blue.

Wildflower Name is in Black

Flower Colour

Flower Thumb-nail

Flowering Months

/ Form

Height x Spread in inches (cms)
(1 inch = 2.5 cms,
12 inches = 1 foot
12 inches = 30 cms,
24 inches = 2 feet,
3 feet = 1 yard,
40 inches = 100 cms)

Foliage Colour

Comments

Use

List of Bloom by Season - May-Jun

Aethionema
armenum
(Stonecress)

Pink, sometimes white,
veined

Native to Turkey on
dry, rocky slopes between 800-1500 metres.

aethionemacfloarmenumfoord1a1a2a1a

Pompom

May, June, July

aethionemacforarmenumfoord1b1a1
Cushion

4-8 x 18
(10-20 x 45)

Blue-Grey
aethionemacfolarmenumfoord1b1a1
Many semi-erect or ascending, unbranched stems with blue-grey, linear-oblong, 0.2-0.6 inches long leaves, ideally with winter rain protection using a sheet of glass.

Ideal for the rock garden, bedded in gravel, raised bed, trained up a dry wall or pot plant in the Alpine House. Plant with Arenaria montana, Aster alpinus 'Pinkie' and Campanula portenschlagiana

Dry, well-drained, Chalk or Acid Sand with Limestone chippings in Full Sun. Evergreen Sub-Shrub / Alpine.

See Aethionema in Rock Garden Plants for other cultivars and cultivation details.

Aethionema
Sub-shrub
Evergreen
Sun.
A. x warleyense (A. 'Warley Rose').
Borders or Rock Gardens. Flowers mostly in Spring / Summer. Neat, Bushy habit

Aethionema
grandiflorum
(Persian Stonecress)

Pink

Native to Turkey, Iraq and Iran on dry, rocky limestone slopes above 1000 metres.

aethionemacflograndiflorumkevock1a2a1a

Clusters of Pink flowers - each flower 0.5-075 inches across

May, June, July,
August

aethionemacforgrandiflorumkevock1b1a1
Spreading

12-18 x 18
(30-45 x 45)

Grey-Green
aethionemacfolgrandiflorumkevock1b1a1

Grey-green, narrowly oblong, 0.5 inches or more long.

Ideal for the rock garden, bedded in gravel, raised bed, trained up a dry wall or pot plant in the Alpine House. Plant with Arenaria montana, Aster alpinus 'Pinkie' and Campanula portenschlagiana

Dry, well-drained, Chalk or Acid Sand with Limestone chippings in Full Sun. Evergreen Sub-Shrub / Alpine.

See Aethionema in Rock Garden Plants for other cultivars and cultivation details.

Aethionema
Sub-shrub
Evergreen
Sun.
A. x warleyense (A. 'Warley Rose').
Borders or Rock Gardens. Flowers mostly in Spring / Summer. Neat, Bushy habit

Aconitum cammarum 'Stainless
Steel'

Metallic Blue

aconitumcammarumstainlesssteelcflorvroger1a

June, July, August,
September

Clump-forming

36-42 x 12
(90-105 x 30)

Deeply-cut Dark Green

aconitumcammarumstainlesssteelcfolrvroger1a

Japanese Painted Fern (Athyrium nipponicum) and Deer Fern (Blechnum spicant) make good companions, as well as Grasses, Astrantia, Astilbe, Actaea and Eupatorium. Other Companions from Perennial Resource.

An excellent cut flower, unique for its large, draped sepal. Perfect to use in borders or at the woodland's edge.

Aconitum
Perennial
Herbaceous
Part Shade to Full Shade as well as Sun
A. napellus
A. carmichaelii
(A. fischeri of gardens)
A. septemtrionale 'Ivorine',
A. sparksii,
A. anthora,
A. columbianum,
A. ferox and
A. lamackii, listed in the American Rock Garden Society.

Androsace bulleyana

Scarlet

androsacecflobulleyanakevock

Jun

Mat-Form

4-12 x 4 (10-30 x 10)

2-4 inch (5-10 cm) wide basal prostrate rosette of grey-green. Leaves leathery spatulate with hairy margins from which on a 6-inch stem are borne the flowers.

A high alpine species is native from gravelly slopes, valleys; 1800-3200 metres in North-West Yunnan of China.

A meagre, very gritty soil and a position in a chink between rocks helps to keep the plants compact.

Equal parts of loam, leafmould and sand. This is a suitable mixture for plants which require a light, open, porous soil with good drainage.
Use in vertical sections of cliff-crevices and dry stone walls, on a scree bed or as pot plants for the alpine house.

Androsace
Part Shade where summers are hot.
Evergreen Sub-Shrub.
A. lanuginosa,
A. l. var. leichlinii,
A. primuloides,
A. primuloides var. chumbi,
A. sarmentosa,
A. chamaejasme,
A. villosa,
A. pyrenaica,
A. vandelli.

See Rock Garden Plant Index A for further details.

Linum

Lupinus

Lychnis

Maianthemum

Malvastrum

Mertensia

Mimulus

Muscaria

Myosotis

Narcissus

Nepeta

Odontospermum

Ornithogalum

Pachysandra

Paeonia

Papaver

Pasithea

Penstemon

Phlomis

Phlox

Pratia

Primula

Pulmonaria

Ranunculus

Rehmannia

Romneya

Salvia

Saxifraga

Scilla

Silene

Sisyrinchium

Stylophorum

Teucrium

Thalictrum

Tiarella

Thymus

Trillum

Trollius

Tulipa

Uvularia

Vancouveria

Verbascum

Vinca

Some Saponaria bllom in June.

Adonis annua
(Adonis autumnalis,
Pheasant's Eye,
Blooddrops)

Red

fpheasantscfloeye1

June onwards

16 x 6
(40 x 15)

Buttercup Family

fpheasantscfoleye1

An arable weed of dry soils on chalk and limestone, also recorded from tracks, chalk pits and other disturbed habitats. Seed production is low but there is a long-lived soil seed bank. Most populations are small and restricted to field edges. Poisonous to livestock.

Annual Herb pollinated by bees.
Use for bedding and woodland edges.

Adonis in
Part Shade.
Pheasant's Eye.
Herbaceous Perennial.
Moist soil.
Flowers solitary, terminal.
A. amurensis,
A. vernalis.

Amsonia tabernaemontana
(Blue Star)

Terminal, pyramidal clusters, soft light blue, star-like

May-Jun

24-36 x 24-36
(60-90 x 60-90)

Narrow, willow-shaped, dull green foliage may turn an attractive yellow in the autumn.

Rich, open woods and thickets in Missouri, America.
Almost any soil, likes wet soil. H5 - hardy in most places throughout the UK even in severe winters.
Companions - Geranium (like Geranium psilostemon), Crocosmia, Rosa

Edge paths / borders or use in multiple clumps to form good ground cover.

Slug and snail resistant and flower reliably each year.

Amsonia
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial.
Erect, Clump-forming on moist soil.
A. tabernae-montana,
A. t. salicifolia

Anemonella
thalictroides
(Rue-Anemone)

White (pink forms
are known)

anemonellacforthalictroidesfoord

anemonellacflothalictroidesfoord1

Clump-Forming, Also colony-forming, slowly spreading to 12 inches or more across.

Mar-Jun

6 x 12
(15 x 30)

Olive-Green
anemonellacfolthalictroidesfoord

Need to be protected from competition in the root zone. Plants disappear by midsummer (Summer dormant), earlier if they don't get enough moisture. Remove dead foliage and mark location of plants; even when dormant, they need to be kept moist. Tubers may rot in very wet soils like clay or alongside streams, rivers or lakes.

Grow in a woodland garden, underplanting in a shady shrub border or a rock garden. See Nursery of Perennials, Ferns and Bulbs for Shade for other plants to put in the shade.

Native in woodlands within Eastern USA.

Anemonella
Shade.
A. thalictroides

Anemonopsis macrophylla
(False Anemone)

Racemes or loose panicles of pendent, lilac and violet flowers held well above the foliage

Clump. Cup-shaped with 3 waxy lilac sepals and several rows of 7-10 smaller violet petals

Jun-Jul

30 x 18
(75 x 45)

When planting out of doors, plants should be set at a spacing of 18-24 inches (45-60 cms) apart each way.

2- or 3-ternate leaves with lobed or sharply toothed leaflets.

Seedlings are slow to reach maturity, and flower in about 5 years.

Humus-rich, preferably well-drained acidic soil. Protect from cold, drying winds, which will damage or kill the mid-green foliage.
Hardy to Zone 4. It is thus much more easily grown in continental climate of the eastern United States and Canada than in the Mediterranean climate of the Pacific Northwest.

Grow in a moist woodland garden or peat garden, or in a shady border

Native in mountain woods of Japan. Japanese name of renge-shōma
(蓮華升麻, lit. "lotus-shōma").

Anemonopsis
Part Shade.
Herbaceous underground Rhizome
A. macrophylla

Arthropodium candidum
(New Zealand Rock Lily,
Dwarf Rock Lily)

Sprays of white, starry, six-petalled
flowers on short wiry stems dance over the foliage

arthropodiumcflocandidumfoord

Clump

Clearer flower photo

May-Jun

8 x 4
(20 x 10)

Linear, grass-like, mid-to-bright
green leaves.

Tender deciduous bulb - long-lived and native to New Zealand.
Well-drained, gritty Chalk or Sand soil at the base of a sunny wall. Under glass, grow in loam-based compost with added sharp sand in full light. In growth, water moderately and feed monthly.

Excellent for the cool greenhouse, pots or Alpine House.

Zones 7,8,9 and 10 but tender in frost to -12 C.

Excellent for coastal areas in being resistant to salt spray and sew wind. Use for mass plantings and as cut flower.

Arthropodium
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Deciduous Bulb.
A. cirrhatum,
A. candidum

Arum maculatum
(Lords-and-Ladies,
Wild Arum,
Cuckoo-Pint,
Arum Lily)

Red flower spike followed by berries, which are harmless to birds and eaten by them. The berries are poisonous and the acrid juice ia an acute irritant to humans and other animals.

lordsandladiescflo

Clearer photos

April-May

4-20 x 4-20
(10-50 x 10-50)

Arum Family

The leaves are rolled round the midribs like flags. As they unfurl they are dark, handsome leaves shaped like an arrow-head, shining dark green in colour, and sometimes spotted with purplish marks. Foliage dies down by midsummer.

A rhizomatous perennial tuber of woodlands, hedgerows and other shaded areas on moist, well-drained and reasonably fertile chalk or sand. Plant 4-6 inches (10-15 cm) deep.

There is no known antidote to A. maculatum poisoning.

The roots were a traditional source of starch for stiffening clothes.

Use in woodland, riversides, in cottage gardens, under hedges, underplant roses and deciduous shrubs.

Arum
Full Shade,
Part Shade.
Tuber.
A. italicum,
A. maculatum,
A. palaestinum,
A. proboscideum

Aruncus dioicus
(Goatsbeard)

Creamy-White, 5-petalled, cup-shaped flowers followed by seedheads

aruncusdioicusflot9

Larger photos

Clump, Plume

Jun-Jul

72 x 48
(180 x 120)

Pinnately compound, broad, fern-like,
Mid-Green

aruncusdioicusfolt9

Cut to the ground each year.

Clay
Part Shade,
Full Shade
Moist or Wet.
This plant demands space. Mix with gunneras and Campanula latifolia, which are also self-sowing. Border background plant. Missouri native plant.

Fringes of moist wood-lands.
Good for cutting. Native garden in middle of its bed or edge,
a specimen.
Group alongside stream or water gardens.
Mass down a slope.

Aruncus
Shady.
Bulb.
A. dioicus,
A. kneiffii,
A. astilboides,
A. plumosus var. glasnevin,
A. aethusifolius

Asarum caudatum
(Wild Ginger, Western Wild Ginger,
Birthwort)

Purple, cup-shaped flowers pollinated by flies. Ants transport the fruit back to their homes to propagate the plant. The root is edible.

asarumcflo1asarumfoord
Top view

asarumcflo2asarumfoord
Side view

Larger Photos

Mat

Mar-Aug

12 x 4
(30 x 10)

Apple Green.

Evergreen Perennial/ Alpine in native habitat of North America in pine or redwood forests in mesic or wet places by streams from sea level to 1200 metres.
Leaves are found in colonies or clusters as the rhizome spreads, forming mats

It spreads by rhizomes that travel on the surface of the ground or just slightly beneath.
Moist Acidic Sand with fallen conifer needles.
Full shade (deep woodland),
Part-shade (light woodland).
The leaves emit a ginger aroma when rubbed.
Companions - Ferns, Melica, Polemonium

Wild Ginger is a useful ground-cover plant for deep shade, spreading by its roots. Use foliage in flower arrange-ments. All wild ginger types can also be grown successfully in containers where their foliage can be appreciated and their unique flowers more easily viewed.

Asarum
Part Shade.
Evergreen Perennial
A. canadense,
A. caudatum,
A. hartwegii,
A. shuttleworthii,
A. europeum

Astrantia major
(Pink Masterwort,
Great Masterwort)

Bunches of Pin-cushions in stalked com-pound umbels with White and Pink streaks in centre surrou-nded by White floral bracts - 10-18mm long. Each flower has 5 petals.

astrantiaflomajorfoord

Erect and clump spread-ing form with flowers, which have a sickly smell, followed by 0.3 inch
(8 mm) long seed fruits.

Jun-Aug

Pollinated by various insects, especially beetles.

12-30 x 12
(30-75 x 30)

Umbellifer 2 Family

Large long-stalked, deeply palmately lobed, toothed mid green leaves.

Gallery of Photos/Illustrations, Common Name and Synonym of
Astrantia major with
its distribution in USA and Canada from
Flora of USA and Canada.

A long-lived herbaceous perennial which are common in mountain meadows and grasslands, in forests and clearings and close to the streams, usually on calcareous soils, at an altitude of 100–2,300 metres (330–7,500 ft) above sea level. Enrich the soil with manure before planting them.

Chalk.
Part Shade.
Dry.

Astrantia is a favourite with flower-arrangers. They will self-seed quite happily, unless dead-headed before the seed is ripe. Groundcover. Woodland, Streambank. Cottage Garden. Underplant roses and herbaceous shrubs.

Companions - Lilium martagon, Iris siberica, Milium effuseum 'Aureum, Hosta, Pulmonaria, Chaerophyllum, Pimpinella, Campanula, Phlox paniculata, Adenophora and Geranium.

Astrantia
Full Sun, Part Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial.
A. major,
A. maxima,
A. bierbersteinii

Boykinia aconitifolia
(Allegheny Brookfoam,
Brook saxifrage,
Boykinia turbinata, Therofon aconitifolium, Therofon turbinatum)

White, 5-petaled, bell-shaped flowers with yellowish white centres in branching dome clusters. The seeds are black with tubercles

Illust-ration with photos.

Clump

May-Jul
in USA

6-30 x 9-24
(15-75 x 23-60)

5 to 7-lobed, glandular-hairy, mid-green 2-6 inches (5-15 cm) long, with broadly toothed margins

Native to moist, rocky stream banks, lake and pond margins, and moist woodland areas in Appalachians of USA.

Zones 5-9.
Moist to Wet Acidic, well-draining sandy loams.
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Does not tolerate soil dryness.

Background plant in small wet woodlands. Add to moist areas in rock gardens.

Companions - Ferns, Corydalis, Patrinia and Dicentra.

Does not compete well against other plants.

Boykinia
Part Shade.
Herbaceous Rhizome
B. jamesii,
B. major,
B. elata,
B. aconitifolia,
B. telliniodes

Brunnera
macrophylla
(Anchusa myosotidiflora, Anchusa myosotidifolia, Siberian Bugloss, Great Forget-me-not)

Broad sprays of Tiny Bright Blue with Yellow centre, 5 petal, star-shaped flowers

brunneramacrophyllacflorvroger1

Clump, Spreader

Apr-May

in flower for many weeks

12-18 x 24
(30-45 x 60)

May spread out-of-bounds but not difficult to dig. Keep to 48 inch (120 cm) width.

Large, cordate, hairy, heart-shaped, Dark Green leaves up to 6 inches (15 cm) across, which make superb ground-cover plants.

Cut off spent leaves.

In February new foliage will begin to thrust from the ground.

Sand, Chalk.
Part Shade, Full Shade.
Moist and humus-rich (leave the fallen leaves from the shrubs/trees to form a mulch and then humus).

Naturalized in Britain.

Ideal for a shady area with moist but well drained soil, but will also prosper in a sunnier spot if the soil doesn’t dry out.

Lasts as a cut flower if conditioned.

Good groundcover in the foreground or in open bays of woodland, or under deciduous trees and shrubs for spring sun and summer shade.

Companions - Thalictrum, dicentra, epimedium, trollius, muscari, narcissus, Ranunculus ficaria, hyacinthoides, trillium, omphalodes.

Brunnera
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial
B. macrophylla

Calochortus luteus
(Yellow Mariposa Lily,
Fairy Lantern, Globe Lily,
Golden Lantern, Mariposa Tulip, Cat's Ear)

Second-year stems are topped with attractive blossoms. The flowers are 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) across, bell-shaped, and bear three wide yellow petals, in bunches

Photos

The center of the flower is sparsely hairy and has distinct reddish brown streaks and blotches. After pollin-ation, the plant produces seeds and goes dormant for the summer.

Upright, Columnar

Apr-Jun

Pollinated by insects.

10-20 x 4-6
(25-50 x 10-15)

Bulbs can be lifted as soon as the foliage dies down in the summer and stored overwinter in a cool dry place, replanting in spring.

Starts from seeds or regrows in the winter from a bulb. In the spring, it sends out long, grass-like basal leaves and short, slender stems, directly from the bulb.

Attracts butterflies and moths.

Never irrigate once established.

Full Sun,
Part Shade.
It is easy to grow in California and tolerates a variety of soil types, including sand and heavy clay soils, but does not like too much organic matter. Soil PH: 6.0 - 7.0. It requires good drainage and should be kept dry during the summer. Zones 3-7

It is found in coastal prairie, hilly grasslands and woodland openings. It is endemic to California, growing from the central coast to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada.
Also in Mexico, Middle East in cracks in the granite rocks on high mountains or into duff under trees and woods.

Sun Garden.

Companions - Wild Onions (Allium sp.), Indian Milkweed (Asclepias eriocarpa), Brodiaea sp., Clarkia sp., Delphinium sp., California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica or other species), Bird's Eye Gilia (Gilia tricolor), Tidy Tips (Layia sp.), Lupines (Lupinus sp.), Baby Blue Eyes (Nemophila menziesii), Heliotrope (Phacelia sp.), Checkerbloom (Sidalcea sp.), Triteleia sp.

Calochortus
Full Sun,
Part Shade
Herbaceous Perennial - Bulb
C. albus,
C. amabilis,
C. barbatus,
C. luteus,
C. macrocarpus,
C. superbus,
C. uniflorus,
C. venustus,
C. vestae

Cassiope lycopodioides
(Andromeda
lycopodiodes,
Erica
lycopodioides, Ericoides lycopodiodes, Haida Gwaii mountain-heather, Clubmoss
mountain heather,
White Heather)

Shining white, bell-like, 5 petal, nodding flowers from the leaf axils on short red stems. Flowers are above the foliage.

cassiopecfor91lycopodioideswikimediacommons

Prostrate, mat.

Late frosts may destroy the flowers.

Apr-May

Rock Garden and suitable for Coastal Condit-ions.

2 x 15
(5 x 38)

Mat-forming.

Tolerates temper-atures down to -12°C (USDA zone 8).

Groundcover as a mat of thread-like stems, clothed in tiny greyish-green, evergreen leaves, overlapping one another.

Moist acid well-drained soil, or sandy peat with moist, cool, north aspects position to keep the roots cool.

cassiopecfol8lycopodioideswikimediacommons

Full Sun,
Part Shade.

Native to Alaska, British Columbia and Washington - it is found on rocky slopes in arctic and alpine tundra, often near waterfalls, streams or generally moist areas.

Companions -
Dwarf Pieris, Calluna,
Pimelea.
Associated species include yellow mountain heath (Phyllodoce glanduliflora), partridgefoot (Luetkea pectinata), rusty menziesia (Menziesia ferruginea), and juniper (Juniperus communis).

Use in Rock garden, on a peat bank, or in open areas in woodland.
There are other Cassiope used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery

We have no trouble growing them here at sea level in our maritime climate. The places where they have done the best for us are in morning sun exposure. Those placed in the afternoon sun never do as well as they get too hot at the root ball.

Cassiope
Part Shade.
Evergreen Sub-Shrub
C. lycopoidioides

Ivydene Horticultural Services logo with I design, construct and maintain private gardens. I also advise and teach you in your own garden. 01634 389677

Ivydene
Horticultural
Services

DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.

Sometimes, I may insert a photo from the Plant Pictorial Database in Kwan's website www.natureloveyou.sg or a link to a page on that website showing plant photos with text of
'Photo of Plant Name - link to the page on that website in the Plant Name - from www.natureloveyou.sg'.
None of his photos can be taken from his website and used commercially without his copyright permission.
You can call me Kwan. I live in Singapore, a small island state in Southeast Asia, since day one of my existence. Setting up and managing this website, which went live in July 2007, is just a hobby of mine.

Ivydene Gardens Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery: Page Title in Table below
WILDFLOWER FLOWER SHAPE - Click on Text link
Number of Flower Petals
Number of Flower Petals	Petal-less	1	2	3	4 and Cross-shaped	5	Above 5

Flower Shape - Simple
	Stars	Bowls	Cups and Saucers	Globes	Goblets and Chalices	Trumpets	Funnels

	Bells	Thimbles	Urns	Salverform

Flower Shape - Elab--orated
	Tubes, Lips and Straps	Slippers, Spurs and Lockets	Hats, Hoods and Helmets	Stan-dards, Wings and Keels	Discs and Florets	Pin-Cushions	Tufts

	Cushion	Umbel	Buttons	Pompoms

Natural Arrange--ments
Natural Arrange--ments	Bunches, Posies and Sprays	Columns, Spikes and Spires	Whorls, Tiers and Candle-labra	Plumes and Tails	Chains and Tassels	Clouds, Garlands and Cascades	Spheres, Domes, Clusters and Plates	STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements is a part of:- The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process dependent on the Garden Style chosen Garden Style ...Infill Plants ...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index ...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index ...All Plants Index ...Cultivation, Position, Use Index ...Shape, Form Index

Wildflower Botanical Name Index	AC,AG,AL, AN,AR,AR, AS,	BA,BR,BR,	CA,CA,CA, CA,CA,CA, CA,CE,CE, CH,CI,CO, CR,	DA,DE,DR,	EP,EP,ER, EU,	FE,FO,	GA,GA,GE, GL,
	HE,HI,HI, HY,	IM,	JU,	KI,	LA,LE,LI, LL,LU,LY,	ME,ME,MI, MY,	NA,
	OE,OR,OR,	PA,PH,PL, PO,PO,PO, PO,PU,	Q	RA,RH,RO, RO,RU,	SA,SA,SA, SC,SC,SE, SI,SI,SO, SP,ST,	TA,TH,TR, TR,	UR,
	VE,VE,VI	W	X	Y	Z	EXTRAS 91,92,

Wildflower Common Name Index	AC,AL,AS,	BE,BL,BO, BR,	CA,CL,CO, CO,CO,CR,	DA,DO,	EA,	FE,FI,FR,	GO,GR,GU,
	HA,HO,	IR,	J	KN,	LE,LE,LO,	MA,ME,MO,	NA,NO,
	O	PE,PO,PY,	Q	RE,RO,	SA,SE,SE, SK,SM,SO, SP,ST,SW,	TO,TW,	U	Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers)
	V	WA,WE,WI, WO,WO,	X	YE	Z	EXTRAS 57,58,59, 60,61,62, 63,64,		Alpine Shrubs and Conifers	The Alpine Meadow Page 1 Page 2 Page 3
								Alpine Shrubs and Conifers
Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0 for planting sites for perennials, which include most plant types except Annuals and Biennials. Perennials & Ephemerals chapter of Plants for Dry Gardens by Jane Taylor. Published by Frances Lincoln Limited in 1993. ISBN 0-7112-0772-0 for plants that are drought tolerant. Wildflowers with the same genus name as for the Evergreen Perennial in these following lists with their Species will be added to these lists so that you can then use them with those cultivated perennials for the same purpose in your garden. Their botanical names will be in black.								The Alpine Border 1, 2
Woodland Site	Shady Places Site	Rock Garden in Sun Site. In Shade Site.	Planting on a Sloping Site	Bog Site	Large Perennial Site	Cut Flower Site	Outdoor Room Site	The Alpines that Dislike Lime 1, 2	Alpines and Walls Dry Sunny Walls 1a, b Tops of Walls 2a, b Dry Shady and Conifers 3a, b
Strip Site	Plans for Beds and Borders Site	Beds Site	Borders Site				Long Bloomers	Sink and Trough gardens 1, 2
White Flower Colour	Blue or Almost Blue Flower Colour	Lavender Flower Colour	Lavender, called Blue Flower Colour	Yellow Flower Colour	Orange Flower Colour	Pink Flower Colour	Red & Scarlet Flower Colour	Sink and Trough gardens 1, 2
Maroon Flower Colour	Flowering Stem between 24-48 inches (60-120 cms)	Flowering Stem over 48 inches (120 cms)	Bloom by Season Jan-Feb	Bloom by Season Mar-Apr	Bloom by Season May-Jun	Bloom by Season Jul-Aug	Bloom by Season Sep-Dec	The variety of plants that can be used in alpine gardening is obviously very large and very bewildering at first approach. With a view to easing the task of selection here are lists of alpines most likely to thrive and flourish under certain easily defined conditions and for special purposes, which may be considered first choices, from Gardening with Alpines by Stanley B. Whitehead. Garden Book Club. Published in 1962. Alpine Plants for a Purpose:- Beginner's Choice for an All-the-year-round-show in SPRING, SUMMER, AUTUMN, WINTER. Plants of Foliage Beauty. Alpines for Full Sun, Hot, Dry Positions. Alpines tolerant of Shade. Alpines for Dry Shade. Alpines tolerant of Lime or Chalk. Alpines readily raised from seed. Alpines for the damper places. Alpines for planting between Paving Stones. Scree Plants.
Foliage Blue-Green	Foliage Grey-Green	Foliage Grey	Foliage Varie-gated		Foliage Height 1-7 inches (2.5-17.5 cms)	Foliage Height 8-23 inches (20-57.5 cms)	Foliage Height 24- inches (60 and over cms)
Foliage Bold	Foliage Finely Cut, Delicate or Compound + Finely Cut	Foliage Aromatic		Perennials for Ground Covering in the Full Sun + 1, 2	Perennials for Ground Covering in Shade and 3		Long Lived
Bulbs to Combine with Perennials including Corms	Grasses to Grow with Perennials	Subshrubs to Grow with Perennials	Annuals to Use with Perennials	Herbs for Decoration as well as Culinary		Annuals, Biennials and Perennials to grow Annually	Perennials which Self Sow
Neat Growers - Good for Beds		Perennials which prefer Moisture	Perennials which do best on Margins of Water	Perennials which are Drought Tolerant	Perennials which tolerate Dense Shade	Perennials for Poor Soil, Full Sun	Tough Perennials (or easy Maint-enance)
Alpines without a Garden by Lawrence D. Hills. Published by Faber and Faber Limited in 1953 for cultivation of alpines in pans, troughs and window-boxes, particularly in towns, for gardeners who have only windw-sills or verandas, or flat roof spaces. Colour All The Year in My Garden by C.H. Middleton. Published by Ward, Lock & Co. for culture. Perennials The Gardener's Reference by Susan Carter, Carrie Becker and Bob Lilly. Published by Timber Press in 2007 for plants for Special Gardens. It also gives details of species and cultivars for each genus. Wildflowers with the same genus name as for the Evergreen Perennial in these following lists with their Species will be added to these lists so that you can then use them with those cultivated perennials for the same purpose in your garden. Their botanical names will be in black.
Wildflower Form and Evergreen Perennial Form Wildflower Form and Evergreen Perennial Form	Mat- form Mat-forming	Prostrate or Trail Prostrate or Trailing. Climb Climbing	Cushion or Mound Cushion or Mound-forming	Spread or Creep Spreading or Creeping	Clump- form Clump-forming	Stem- less. Stemless. Sword-shape Leaf Sword-shaped Leaves	Erect or Upright Erect or Upright. Arching Arching
Wildflower Use and Evergreen Perennial Use	Other than Only Green Foliage + 1, 2	Bedding or Mass Planting	Ground-Cover	In Water	Coastal Conditions + Coastal	Speciman Plant	Under-plant
	Indoor House-plant	Grow in an Alpine House	Grow in Hanging Basket + Basket	Grow in Window-box	Grow in Green-house	Fragrant Flowers	Not Fragrant Flowers
	Attracts Butter-flies + Butterfly Usage of Plants	Attracts Bees + 1, 2, 3 and Forage Calendar	Grow in Scree	Grow in a Patio Pot	Grow in an Alpine Trough + Rock Plant	Edging Borders	Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
	Into Native Plant Garden	Naturalize in Grass	Natural-ized Plant Area	Resistant to Wildlife		Early Spring Border Special Garden	Spring Epheme-rals Special Garden
	Summer Border Special Garden	Cottage Garden Special Garden	Late Summer Border Special Garden	Autumn Border Special Garden	Shade Border and Woodland Garden Special Garden	Back of Border, Alley, and Too Tall for Words Special Garden	Meadow Garden Special Garden
Wildflower in Soil and Evergreen Perennial in Soil	Chalk + A-F, A-F, A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z	Clay + A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z	Sand + A-F, A-F, A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z	Lime-Free (Acid) + A-F, A-F, A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z	Peat + A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z	Any + A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z	+ Evergreen Perennials in Pages in Plants
Peony Use of Peonies in UK Peony Index	Fragrant Flowers	Flower Arrangers Hedge	Growing Tree Peonies in Pots	Front of Border	Rest of Border	Not Green Foliage Rock Garden	Seaside / Coastal Tree

EXTRA PAGES OF PLANTS
MENU
Introduction
Site Map

PLANT USE
Plant Selection
Level 1
Bee Forage Plants
Attracts Bird/Butterfly
Photos - Butterfly

Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms)
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms)
Above 72 inches
(180 cms)
Photos -
Bloom per Month
Blooms Nov-Feb
Blooms Mar-May
Blooms Jun-Aug 1, 2
Blooms Sep-Oct

Groundcover Height
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms) 1, 2, 3
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms) 4, 5, 6
Above 72 inches
(180 cms) 7

Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
or
Cultivated Poisonous Plants
or
Wildflower Poisonous Plants

Rabbit-Resistant Plant
Flower Arranging
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers

PLANTS FOR SOIL
Plant Selection
Level 2
Info - Any Soil
Any Soil A-F
Any Soil G-L
Any Soil M-R
Any Soil S-Z

Info - Chalky Soil
Chalky Soil A-F 1
Chalky Soil A-F 2
Chalky Soil A-F 3
Chalky Soil G-L
Chalky Soil M-R
Chalky Soil Roses
Chalky Soil S-Z
Chalky Soil Other

Info - Clay Soil
Clay Soil A-F
Clay Soil G-L
Clay Soil M-R
Clay Soil S-Z
Clay Soil Other

Info - Lime-Free (Acid) Soil
Lime-Free (Acid)
A-F 1
Lime-Free (Acid)
A-F 2
Lime-Free (Acid)
A-F 3
Lime-Free (Acid) G-L
Lime-Free (Acid) M-R
Lime-Free (Acid) S-Z

Info - Sandy Soil
Sandy Soil A-F 1
Sandy Soil A-F 2
Sandy Soil A-F 3
Sandy Soil G-L
Sandy Soil M-R
Sandy Soil S-Z

Info - Peaty Soils
Peaty Soil A-F
Peaty Soil G-L
Peaty Soil M-R
Peaty Soil S-Z

Following parts of Level 2a,
Level 2b,
Level 2c and
Level 2d are included in separate columns
together with
Acid Soil,
Alkaline Soil,
Any Soil,
Height and Spread,
Flowering Months and
Flower Colour in their Columns,
and also
Companion Plants to aid this plant Page,
Alpine Plant for
Rock Garden Index Page
Native to UK WildFlower Plant in its Family Page in this website
and/or
Level 2cc
in the Comment Column
within each
of the Soil Type Pages of
Level 2

Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources)

PLANTS PAGE MENU

Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Level 2a
Sun aspect, Moisture

Plant Selection by Form
Level 2b
Tree Growth Shape
Columnar
Oval
Rounded / Spherical
Flattened Spherical
Narrow Conical
Broad Pyramidal
Ovoid / Egg
Broad Ovoid
Narrow Vase
Fan
Broad Fan
Narrow Weeping
Broad Weeping
Single-stem Palm
Multi-stem Palm
Shrub/Perennial Growth Habit
Mat
Prostrate / Trailing
Cushion / Mound
Spreading / Creeping
Clump
Stemless
Erect or Upright
Climbing
Arching

Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2c
Bedding
Photos - Bedding
Bog Garden
Coastal Conditions
Containers in Garden
Front of Border
Edibles in Containers
Hanging Basket
Hedge
Photos - Hedging
Pollution Barrier 1, 2
Rest of Border
Rock Garden
Photos - Rock Garden
Thorny Hedge
Windbreak
Woodland

Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2cc Others
Aquatic
Back of Shady Border
Crevice Garden
Desert Garden
Raised Bed
Scree Bed
Specimen Plant
Trees for Lawns
Trees for Small Garden
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers

Plant Selection by Plant Type
Level 2d
Alpine
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - RHS Herbac
Photos - Rock Garden
Annual
Bamboo
Photos - Bamboo
Biennial
Bulb
Photos - Bulb
Climber
Photos - Climber
Conifer
Deciduous Rhizome
Deciduous Shrub
Photos - Decid Shrub
Evergreen Perennial
Photos - Evergr Per

Evergreen Shrub
0-24 inches 1, 2, 3
24-72 inches 1, 2, 3
Above 72 inches 1, 2

Semi-Evergreen Shrub
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Fern
Photos - Fern
Fruit Plant
Grass
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Photos - Herbac Per
Remaining Top Fruit
Soft Fruit
Sub-Shrub
Top Fruit
Tuber
Vegetable
Photos - Vegetable

Photos - with its link; provides a link to its respective Plant Photo Gallery in this website to provide comparison photos.
Click on required comparison page and then centre of selected plant thumbnail. Further details on that plant will be shown in a separate Plant Description webpage.
Usually the Available from Mail Order Plant Nursery link will link you to the relevant page on that website.
I started this website in 2005 - it is possible that those particular links no longer connect, so you may need to search for that plant instead.

When I started, a click on the centre of the thumbnail ADDED the Plant Description Page, now I CHANGE the page instead. Mobile phones do not allow ADDING a page, whereas stand alone computers do. The User Guidelines Page shows which Plant Photo Galleries have been modified to CHANGE rather than ADD.

PLANTS PAGE MENU

REFINING SELECTION
Plant Selection by
Flower Colour
Level 3a
Blue Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Wild Flower

Orange Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Wild Flower

Other Colour Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Wild Flower

Red Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

White Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Decid Tree
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

Yellow Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

Photos - 53 Colours in its Colour Wheel Gallery

Photos - 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery

Plant Selection by Flower Shape
Level 3b
Photos -
Bedding
Evergr Per
Herbac Per

Plant Selection by Foliage Colour
Level 3c
Aromatic Foliage
Finely Cut Leaves
Large Leaves
Other
Non-Green
Foliage 1
Non-Green
Foliage 2
Sword-shaped Leaves

PRUNING
Plant Selection by Pruning Requirements
Level 4
Pruning Plants

GROUNDCOVER PLANT DETAIL
Plant Selection Level 5
Plant Name - A
Plant Name - B
Plant Name - C
Plant Name - D
Plant Name - E
Plant Name - F
Plant Name - G
Plant Name - H
Plant Name - I
Plant Name - J
Plant Name - K
Plant Name - L
Plant Name - M
Plant Name - N
Plant Name - O
Plant Name - P
Plant Name - Q
Plant Name - R
Plant Name - S
Plant Name - T
Plant Name - U
Plant Name - V
Plant Name - W
Plant Name - XYZ

Then, finally use
COMPANION PLANTING to
aid your plant selected or to
deter Pests
Plant Selection Level 6