FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES
Site Map for pages with photo content (o)
Fern Culture
from Sections 1-10 of Ferns and Fern Culture by J. Birkenhead, F.R.H.S.
Published by John Heywood in Manchester in
May, 1892 with
Rules for Fern Culture
followed by
Sections
1 Modes of Growth
2 Compost
3 Compost for various Genera, growing in pots, pans or baskets
4 Various Habits of Ferns
5 Various Modes of Cultivation
6 Light
7 Temperature
8 Ferns in Dwelling-Houses
9 Propagation (in Use in Brackish Water in Coastal District Page)
10 Selection of Ferns
with
British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns
SPORE COLOUR
Spore
BED PICTURES
Garden
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TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
....Aquatic
....Boston/ Fishbone/
Lace/ Sword
....Cloak/Lip/Hand
....Filmy and Crepe
....Lacy Ground
(o)Lady
....Maidenhair
(o)Miscellaneous
(o)Primitive/ Oddities
....Scrambling/ Umbrella/ Coral/ Pouch
....Selaginellas
(o)Shield/ Buckler/ Holly
....Squirrel/ Rabbit/ Hare's Foot
....Staghorn/ Elkhorn/ Epiphyte
....Tassel, Clubmoss
....The Brakes
....The Polypodies
(o)The Spleenworts
....The Tree Ferns
....Water/ Hard/ Rasp/ Chain
USE OF FERN
(o)Cold-hardy
(o)From Lime-hating Soil
(o)From Limestone Soil
(o)Hanging Basket
(o)Indoor Decoration
(o)Outdoor Pot
(o)Terrariums
(o)Wet Soils
(o)Ground Cover
(o)Pendulous Fronds
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All Hardy Fern Foundation members have unlimited access to our spore exchange and can choose from a wide variety of ferns. Our resource pages include publications and books about ferns as well as useful websites.
See
Ferns in Britain and Ireland
or the
British Pteridological Society
for further details and photos.
Mail Order UK Fern Nursery
Shady Plants has ferns for
Vertical Fern Gardens and Companion Plants for growing with Ferns.
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TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Grow in Coastal Region
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2,
3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
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Fern
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Foliage Colour and
Shape/ Division
Frond
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Height x Spread in inches (cms)
(1 inch =
2.5 cms,
12 inches =
1 foot
12 inches =
30 cms,
24 inches =
2 feet,
3 feet =
1 yard,
40 inches = 100 cms)
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Type of Fern to Grow
Foliage
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Use of Fern
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Comments
Form
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Asplenium ceterach
(Syn. Ceterach officinarum)
Rusty-back Fern, Scale Fern.
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Yellow-green, leathery and the underside is densely clothed with silvery brown scales
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6 x 8
(15 x 20)
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The Spleenworts.
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Suitable for Terrariums
Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles)
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A dwarf fern which grows in rock crevices and frequently naturalizes the mortar in old walls. It is very drought resistant so that it can be grown in a small pot with moist-dry, basic potting mix or in a limestone rock garden.
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Asplenium scolopendrium
(Syn. Phyllitis scolopendrium)
Hart's Tongue Fern, Scollies
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Irregular, shuttle-cock-like crowns of strap-shaped, leathery, glossy, bright green fronds
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18 x 24
(45 x 60)
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The Spleenworts.
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Cold-Hardy Ferns
Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles)
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Plants are excellent for pot culture in a lime fortified mix or in a rock garden where they appreciate an annual topdressing of lime.
See Hartstongue in the Wildflower Gallery.
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Juvenile Foliage
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Asplenium scolopendrium 'Cristatum'
Cultivar of Hart's Tongue, Scollies
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The glossy mid green fronds divide many times and each division ends in a spreading crest
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24 x 30
(60 x 75)
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The Spleenworts.
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Cold-Hardy Ferns
Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles)
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This is perfect for a shady woodland edge, shrub or mixed border. For the best results plant with bold swathes of shade tolerant perennials in humus-rich, well-drained, preferably alkaline soil.
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Athyrium filix-femina
Lady Fern is a Native UK Plant.
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Lance-shaped pinnatified light green fronds
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36 x 24
(90 x 60)
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Lady Ferns and their Allies
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Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Ferns for Wet Soils
Cold-Hardy Ferns
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This deciduous lady fern is a Missouri native that typically occurs in wooded valleys along streams, on rich wooded slopes and on floors of ravines. Light green, finely-divided fronds grow up to 3' (90 cms) long.
Grow in a shady border or damp woodland by a stream or pond.
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Other photos and detailed description from Missouri Botanical Garden
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Athyrium niponicum var. pictum
Japanese Painted Fern is one of the most popular cultivated ferns.
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Midribs of the leaflets and the base are pink emphasised by the pale grey, tinged with blue and pink banding through the central area of the fronds
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12 x indefinite
(30 x indefinite)
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Lady Ferns and their Allies
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Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Beautiful deciduous ground cover for shade with its delicately coloured new fronds, which are of a soft metallic grey colour suffused with reddish or bluish hues. Plants are very cold-hardy, withstanding quite heavy frosts. They can also be grown in subtropical regions.
Grow in a shady border, damp woodland by a stream or pond, or in cool greenhouse or conservatory.
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Cyrtomium falcatum
Japanese Holly Fern
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Spreading, glossy, leathery dark green fronds have holly-like pinnae
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24 x 18
(60 x 45)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Suitable for Indoor Decoration
Ferns for Hanging Baskets
Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Cold-Hardy Ferns
Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles)
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Plants are hardy, long-lived and succeed equally well in containers or in the ground. A variety of positions from shade to full sun can be suitable. It is also a useful indoor fern.
The perfect fern for that cold, well-lit entryway where nothing else will seem to grow and where your ficus is constantly dropping leaves.
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Dryopteris cycadina
Shaggy Shield Fern
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Shuttlecock of lance-shaped, pinnate, bright green fronds with green midribs
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24 x 18
(60 x 45)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Another stunning evergreen fern from Japan and a must for the Japanese garden. Fronds have long stems and the tips look like elephants trunks as they unfurl. Leaves are fresh green when young, turning a robust dark green in a couple of weeks, stipes have some black scales which contrast well with the foliage.
The foliage looks effective with herbaceous plants in a shrub bed.
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 Frond showing the long slender black scales which clothe the stipes and underside of the rachises
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 Foliage showing the long slender black scales which clothe the stipes and underside of the rachises
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Dryopteris erythrosora
Autumn Fern, Buckler Fern
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Copper-red juvenile fronds turning to slightly shiny dark green fronds
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24 x 12
(60 x 30)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Easy Fern to grow and it will succeed in situations from deep shade to partial sun together with a range of soils providing the drainage is adequate.
One of our recommended plants, it needs plenty of moisture and contrasts beautifully with evergreen ferns and other woodland plants.
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Juvenile coppery foliage
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Young Coppery Juvenile Foliage with the other more mature Juvenile Foliage
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Dryopteris filix-mas
See Male Fern from the Wildflower Gallery.
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Light Green lance-shaped fronds and brownish-scaled stems.
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36 x 36
(90 x 90)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Suitable for Indoor Decoration
Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Native British Isles Plant. Easy to cultivate. Plants cease growth in the autumn before producing a vigorous flush of new fronds in the spring.
Widespread but not common, in woods and shady places, generally in more lowland places or richer soils than Scaly Male Fern, but also found among rocks on mountains.
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Dryopteris wallichiana
Wallich's Wood Fern
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Shuttlecock of lance-shaped, 2-pinnate dark green fronds that are yellow-green when juvenile. Midribs are covered with dark brown or black scales giving a good colour contrast in the spring
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36 x 30
(90 x 75)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Use at back of shrub border.
In its native state, this is a fern of the high mountains growing beneath the shelter of shrubs and trees.
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Snowdrops are perfect partners. As the snowdrop foliage fades, the croziers obligingly unfurl and cover any unsightly leaves. The pale-blue Muscari armeniacum 'Valerie Finnis' and miniature daffodils can be added to this planting scheme. May-flowering single tulips, including the lily-flowered 'White Triumphator' and the green-and-white viridiflora 'Spring Green', will flower as the leaves unfold.
Other good companions include the ivies Hedera helix 'Ivalace' and 'Spetchley'; the early-flowering periwinkle Vinca difformis 'Jenny Pym', plus other shade-tolerant ferns. The herbaceous summer-flowering Potentilla 'Gibson's Scarlet' and the red-berried shrub Viburnum opulus 'Compactum', will provide good green leaves and add splashes of red.
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 Juvenile Foliage with dark Brown Scales
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Matteuccia struthiopteris
(Syn. Matteuccia pennsylvanica)
Ostrich Fern, Shuttlecock Fern
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Mid Green pinnate fronds taper at both ends and grow in a vase-like cluster around the robust rootstock.
Each cluster eventually develops a small trunk.
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66 x 36
(165 x 90)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles)
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Grow in moist shade in a woodland garden, a damp border or at the edge of a pond.
Great at the front of the border, in containers or as ground cover under deciduous trees.
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 Frond detail
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 Foliage
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Onoclea sensibilis
Sensitive Fern
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Upright, then arching, lance-shaped or triangular, pinnate, pale green sterile fronds.
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24 x indefinite
(60 x indefinite)
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Miscellaneous Ferns
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Suitable for Indoor Decoration
Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Ferns for Wet Soils
Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Open swamps, thickets, marshes, or low woods, in sunny or shaded locations, often forming thick stands from sea level to elevations of 1500 metres.
A coarse weedy fern commonly found in wet soils where it may form spreading colonies. Plants grow very easily in a pot or moist garden situation. In wet soils, the plants will stand considerable exposure to sun.
Thrives at the edge of water or in a damp shady border.
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Osmunda regalis
Royal Fern, Flowering Fern
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A fibrous rootstock bears dense clumps of triangular-ovate-pinnate, bright green sterile fronds. In summer, partially fertile fronds, to 6 feet long, have tassel-like tips, with brown or rust-coloured sporangia covering the much smaller pinnae.
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72 x 144
(180 x 360)
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Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities
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Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Ferns for Wet Soils
Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Grow in a damp border, or at the margins of a pond or stream.
This deciduous fern forms a natural, rounded shape and looks fantastic planted near a pond or stream, where its feathery fronds will be reflected in the water. It likes damp, preferably acid soil, and looks breathtaking with other moisture-loving, large foliage plants such as rodgersia and gunnera.
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Polystichum polyblepharum
Japanese Tassel Fern
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Shuttlecocks of spreading lance-shaped 2-pinnate shiny dark green fronds covered with golden hairs when they unfurl.
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30 x 36
(75 x 90)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Grow in a Rock Garden or well-drained border in the shade.
Newly emerging croziers are covered in scales and, as they develop, the tips fold backwards to make the 'tassels' of the Tassel Fern. As the fronds age they turn a glossy deep green and are beautifully presented in a slightly recurved rosette, like a soft light-reflecting mirror in a shady spot. Given a deep, rich and moist soil this can grow to enormous proportions - exceptionally to 120cm. New growth is early so protect from late frosts.
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Polystichum proliferum
Mother Shield Fern
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Flushes of new fronds are covered with brown scales before turning into light green fronds
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24 x 18
(60 x 45)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Plants grow easily in a shady, moist situation and are also useful in a large pot.
This fern grows in colonies. The fronds develop plantlets near the end, which take root while still attached.
Habitat is moist to wet forests in montane areas.
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Juvenile Foliage covered with Brown Scales
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 Foliage
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Polystichum setiferum
Soft Shield Fern
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Graceful arching green fronds that droop at the tips as they unfurl showing lighter coloured undersides.
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48 x 36
(120 x 90)
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Shielder Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives
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Ferns suitable for Outdoor Containers
Cold-Hardy Ferns
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Grow in a rock garden or well-drained border.
Polystichum setiferum is perfect for semi-shade in good soil that doesn't become waterlogged yet still stays moist. These are ideal conditions for most evergreen ferns.
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See
Ferns in Britain and Ireland
or the
British Pteridological Society
for further details and photos.
Mail Order UK Fern Nursery
Shady Plants has ferns for
Vertical Fern Gardens and Companion Plants for growing with Ferns.
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order.
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Site design and content copyright ©January 2009.
Page structure amended December 2012.
Gallery structure changed November 2018.
Chris Garnons-Williams.
DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.
The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
- Formation of spores in the capsule (sporangia) underneath a fertile leaf.
- When they are ripe, the millions of spores are thrown out by the sporangia when it bursts open.
- A spore that lands on good soil (moist and light) produces a prothallium (of approximately 6mm) onto which male and female organs develop. The spermatozoa from the male organ swim across moisture to fertilise the eggs.
- On the prothallium the impregnated egg creates a new plant which takes root; the first leaves have an aberrant shape.
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Companion Plants
A question Shady Plants get asked many times is what flowering plants are suited for growing with ferns. There are a few choice plants, with elegant flowers with subtle shades that compliment ferns and grow well in shade. Here is a collection of plants that, in my opinion, go very well with ferns:-
and
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Use of Fern
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Ferns for Hanging Baskets
From Chapter 21 - Specialized containers and systems of culture, and Appendix 3 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:-
The following ferns are suitable for cultivation in baskets and similar containers in the regions specified. Those with a creeping habit of growth are marked with an *. See With Pendulous Fronds Page for a list of ferns with pendulous fronds.
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Species
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Region
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Adiantum diaphanum* Adiantum- Flora of North America
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Tropical-Temperate
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Aglaomorpha meyeniana
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Tropical-Temperate
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Anarthropteris lanceolata*
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Temperate-Semi-Tropical
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Asplenium aethiopicum Asplenium - Wikipedia
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Temperate-Semi-Tropical
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Asplenium alatum
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Tropical-Semi-Tropical
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Asplenium attenuatum
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Semi-Tropical-Temperate
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Asplenium auritum
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Tropical-Semi-Tropical
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Asplenium belangeri
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Tropical-Semi-Tropical
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Asplenium bulbiferum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium cristatum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium cuneatum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium daucifolium
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium flabellifolium
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium lamprocaulon
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium normale
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium paleacum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium radicans
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium serra
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium serratum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Asplenium simplicifrons
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Belvisia mucronata*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Blechnum fluviatile Blechnum - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum occidentale
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Campyloneurum latum Campyloneurum - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Campyloneurum phyllitidis
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Campyloneurum radicans
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Colysis ampla*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Colysis hemionitidea*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Colysis sayeri*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Cyrtomium caryotideum Cyrtomium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Cyrtomium falcatum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Cyrtomium macrophyllum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia bullata* Davallia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia canariensis*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia corniculata*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia denticulata*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia divaricata*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia embolostegia*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia epiphylla*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia fejeeensis*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia mariesii*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia pyxidata*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Davallia solida*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia tasmanii*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallia trichomanoides*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Davallodes hirsutum*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Dictymia brownii
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Dictymia macrocarpa*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Dictymia percussa*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium australe and cultivars*
Polypodium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium chnoodes*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium dissimile*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium formosanum*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Polypodium fraxinifolium*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium glaucophyllum*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium loriceum*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium pectinatum*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium plumula*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium polypodioides*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium sanctae-rosae*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium scouleri*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Polypodium thyssanolepis*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium triseriale*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Polypodium vulgare and cultivars
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Polystichum lentum Polystichum - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Pseudodrynaria coronans
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Psilotum nudum
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Pteris ensiformis and cultivars Pteris - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Pteris multifida and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Pyrrosia confluens*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Pyrrosia hastata*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia lanceolata*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia lingua and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Pyrrosia longifolia*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia nummularifolia*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia piloselloides
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia polydactylis*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia rupestris*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Pyrrosia serpens*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Rumora adiantiformis*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Sadleria cyatheoides
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Scyphularia pentaphylla*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Scyphularia triphylla*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Selliguea feei*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Stenochlaena palustris*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Stenochlaena tenuifolia*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Woodwardia orientalis Woodwardia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
|
|
Ferns Suitable for Outdoor Containers
From Chapter 19 - Ferns for containers, indoors and out, and Appendix 6 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:-
Most of the fern species listed below need a protected part shade situation. Those marked with an * can be tolerant of exposure to Full Sun.
|
Fern Species
|
Region
|
Comments
|
Adiantum macrophyllum Adiantum- Flora of North America
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Fronds erect
|
Adiantum peruvianum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Arching fronds
|
Adiantum polyphyllum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Spreading
|
Adiantum trapeziforme
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Spreading
|
Angiopteris evecta
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Needs plenty of water
|
Arachniodes aristata
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Very hardy
|
Arachniodes standishii
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Very attractive
|
Asplenium australasicum* Asplenium - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Excellent
|
Asplenium bulbiferum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Do not overpot, arching fronds
|
Asplenium cymbifolium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Sensitive to cold
|
Asplenium daucifolium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Fine and lacy
|
Asplenium dimorphum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Variable fronds
|
Asplenium milnei
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Shiny fronds
|
Asplenium musifolium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Erect rosette
|
Asplenium nidus*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Cold sensitive
|
Asplenium oblongifolium
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Dense
|
Asplenium scleroprium*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Dense, leathery
|
Asplenium simplicifrons
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Rosette of narrow fronds
|
Athyrium filix-femina and cultivars Athyrium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
May be Deciduous
|
Blechnum braziliense
Blechnum - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Attractive
|
Blechnum capense
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Blechnum cartilagineum*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Hardy
|
Blechnum gibbum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Attractive
|
Blechnum nudum
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Needs plenty of water
|
Blechnum orientale
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Cibotium glaucum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Forms trunk
|
Coniogramme intermedia
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Dark fronds
|
Culcita dubia*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Very hardy
|
Cyathea australis*
Cyathea - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Very hardy
|
Cyathea brownii*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Fast
|
Cyathea capensis
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Cyathea celebica
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Prickly
|
Cyathea contaminans*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Fast
|
Cyathea cooperi*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Fast
|
Cyathea dealbata
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Excellent
|
Cyathea dregei
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Cyathea medullaris*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Fast
|
Cyathea rebeccae
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Excellent
|
Cyathea robusta
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Decorative
|
Cyathea woollsiana
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Excellent
|
Dicksonia antarctica*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Very hardy
|
Dicksonia fibrosa
Dicksonia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Very hardy
|
Dicksonia sellowiana
|
Semi-Tropical
|
Slender
|
Dicksonia squarrosa*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Very hardy
|
Dicksonia youngiae
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Attractive
|
Didymochlaena truncatula
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Lovely fronds
|
Diplazium dilatatum
Diplazium - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Arching fronds
|
Diplazium werckleanum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Dark fronds
|
Drynaria quercifolia*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Very hardy
|
Dryopteris affinis
Dryopteris - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Dryopteris filix-mas
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
May be deciduous
|
Lastreopsis decomposita Lastreopsis - Wikipedia
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Hardy
|
Lastreopsis marginans
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Shiny fronds
|
Lastreopsis microsora
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Hardy
|
Lastreopsis velutina
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Soft fronds
|
Leucostegia immersa
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Coarse mix
|
Leucostegia pallida
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Coarse mix
|
Marattia salicina
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Hardy
|
Microlepia firma
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Microlepia hirta
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Microlepia playtphylla
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Tall
|
Microlepia speluncae
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Soft fronds
|
Microlepia strigosa
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Graceful
|
Microsorum pappei
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Slowly spreading
|
Microsorum punctatum* and cultivars
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Hardy
|
Nephrolepis biserrata and cultivars Nephrolepis - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
needs plenty of water
|
Nephrolepis cordifolia* and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
hardy
|
Nephrolepis exaltata* (larger cultivars)
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Nephrolepis falcata* and cultivars
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Nephrolepis hirsutula*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Nephrolepis obliterata*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Niphidium crassifolium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
coarse mix
|
Osmunda regalis
Osmunda - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
deciduous
|
Phlebodium aureum and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
coarse mix
|
Phymatosorus diversifolius
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Phymatosorus longissimus
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
coarse mix
|
Phymatosorus nigrescens
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
coarse mix
|
Phymatosorus parksii*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
bushy clump
|
Phymatosorus scolopendria
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
coarse mix
|
Pityrogramma calomelanos*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
very hardy
|
Polystichum aculeatum
Polystichum - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
fronds harsh
|
Polystichum proliferum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Polystichum retroso-paleacum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dark, glossy green
|
Polystichum setiferum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
fronds spreading
|
Polystichum vestitum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
fronds harsh
|
Pseudodrynaria coronans*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
coarse mix
|
Pteris biaurita Pteris - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Pteris hendersonii
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
attractive
|
Pteris microptera
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
hardy
|
Pteris pacifica
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
shiny fronds
|
Pteris quadriaurita
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
large
|
Pteris tripartita
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
large
|
Pteris umbrosa
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
bushy
|
Pteris wallichiana
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
large
|
Rumora adiantiformis* (Cape form)
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
large, very hardy
|
Woodwardia fimbriata
Woodwardia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
erect
|
Woodwardia orientalis
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
spreading fronds
|
Woodwardia radicans
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
hardy
|
Ferns for Wet Soils
From Appendix 7 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:-
|
Acrostichum aureum Acrostichum - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Acrostichum danaeifolium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Acrostichum speciosum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Allantantodia australis
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Ampelopteris prolifera*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Angiopteris evecta
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Athyrium filix-femina Athyrium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum articulatum Blechnum - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Blechnum capense
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum discolor*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum fluviatile
|
Temperate
|
Blechnum indicum*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Blechnum lanceolatum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum minus*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum nudum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum patersonii
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum serrulatum*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Blechnum wattsii*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Blotiella lindeniana
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Cyathea australis* Cyathea - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Cyathea smithii*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Cyclosorus interruptus*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Dennstaedtia davallioides*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Dicksonia antarctica* Dicksonia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Dicksonia herbertii*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Diplazium dietrichianum* Diplazium - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Diplazium dilatatum
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Diplazium esculentum*
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Diplazium riparium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Equisetum myriochaetum*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Helminthostachys zeylanica*
|
Tropical
|
Histiopteris incisa*
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Hypolepis punctata*
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Hypolepis rugosula
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Lunathyrium japonicum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Lygodium circinnatum Lygodium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Lygodium flexuosum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Lygodium microphyllum*
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Marattia salicina
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Microlepia speluncae
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Nephrolepis biserrata* Nephrolepis - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Onoclea sensibilis*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Osmunda cinnamomea* Osmunda - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Osmunda regalis*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Parathelypteris beddomei*
|
Tropical
|
Pilularia globifera
|
Temperate
|
Plagiogyria pectinata
|
Semi-Tropical
|
Pseumatopteris pennigera
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Pseumatopteris sogerensis
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Pseudophegopteris paludosa
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Pteris comans* Pteris - Wikipedia
|
Temperate
|
Pteris umbrosa*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Selaginella kraussiana Selaginella - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Thelypteris confluens* Thelypteris - Wikipedia
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Todea barbara* Todea - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Woodwardia virginica Woodwardia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
|
Lime-hating Ferns (Calcifluges)
From Appendix 10 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:-
The following ferns resent lime and may die (or suffer badly bleached foliage) if it is included in their potting mix or added to the soil around their roots. Those marked with an asterisk * are particularly sensitive.
|
Species
|
Adiantum bradleyi
|
Asplenium forisiacum
|
Asplenium montanum
|
Asplenium pinnatifidum
|
Asplenium septentrionale
|
Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes
|
Blechnum spicant
|
Cryptogramma brunnoniana *
|
Cryptogramma brunnoniana crispa *
|
Dryopteris celsa
|
Gleichenia alpina
|
Gleichenia alpina dicarpa
|
Gleichenia alpina microphylla
|
Lygodium palmatum *
|
Oreopteris limbosperma
|
Phegopteris connectilis
|
Thelypteris palustris
|
Thelypteris palustris simulata
|
Ferns Suitable for Indoor Decoration
From Chapter 19 - Ferns for containers, indoors and out, and Appendix 1 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:-
|
Species
|
Region
|
Light Tolerance
|
Comments
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris Adiantum- Flora of North America
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
Can be tricky
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris 'Banksianum'
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
Excellent indoors
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris 'Fimbriatum'
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
deeply cut fronds
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris 'Imbricatum'
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
cascading fronds
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris 'Scintilla'
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
shallow pot
|
Adiantum raddianum
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
an adaptable species
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Elegans'
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Fragrantissimum'
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
vigorous grower
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Fritz Luth'
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
very popular
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Gracillimum'
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
finely divided fronds
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Lawsonianum'
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Pacific Maid'
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
best in tropics
|
Adiantum raddianum 'Weigandii'
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Adiantum tenerum
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
good in tropics
|
Adiantum tenerum 'Fergusonii'
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
strong grower
|
Adiantum tenerum
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
good in tropics
|
Adiantum tenerum 'Fergusonii'
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
strong grower
|
Adiantum tenerum 'Gloriosum Roseum'
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
attractive fern
|
Adiantum tenerum 'Scutum Roseum'
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
pink new growth
|
Asplenium australasicum Asplenium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
grows large, hardy
|
Asplenium bulbiferum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very adaptable
|
Asplenium cymbifolium
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
grows large
|
Asplenium daucifolium
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very adaptable
|
Asplenium dimorphum
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very adaptable
|
Asplenium musifolium
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
grows large
|
Asplenium nidus
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
grows large
|
Asplenium oblongifolium
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Asplenium laserpitifolium
|
Tropical
|
Bright
|
difficult subject
|
Asplenium shuttleworthianum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very adaptable
|
Asplenium simplicifrons
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very adaptable
|
Blechnum articulatum Blechnum - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
adaptable
|
Blechnum braziliense
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy and adaptable
|
Blechnum gibbum
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
very attractive
|
Blechnum moorei
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
seems hardy
|
Blechnum occidentale
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
colourful new growth
|
Cyrtomium caryotideum Cyrtomium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
Bright
|
attractive
|
Cyrtomium falcatum and cultivars
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy and acceptable
|
Cyrtomium macrophyllum
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
adaptable
|
Davallia bullata
Davallia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very hardy
|
Davallia fejeensis
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
beautiful
|
Davallia mariesii
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very hardy
|
Davallia solida
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
Bright
|
adaptable
|
Davallia trichomanoides
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very hardy
|
Dicksonia antarctica
Dicksonia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very hardy
|
Didymochlaena truncatula
|
Semi-Tropical-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy and adaptable
|
Doryopteris pedata
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
can be difficult
|
Drynaria quercifolia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Dryopteris affinis
Dryopteris - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Dryopteris filix-mas
Wild Flower Gallery Dryopteris filix-mas
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Goniophlebium persicifolium
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
adaptable
|
Goniophlebium subauriculatum Goniophlebium - The Plant List
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Goniophlebium verrucosum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
difficult
|
Humata griffithiana
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
hardy, deciduous
|
Humata tyermanii
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
very attractive
|
Llavea cordifolia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Lycopodium phlegmaria Lycopodium - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
difficult
|
Lycopodium phlegmaroides
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
difficult
|
Lycopodium squarrosum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
difficult
|
Lygodium flexuosum Lygodium - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Lygodium japonicum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Lygodium microphyllum
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Macrothelypteris polypodioides
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
attractive
|
Microlepia strigosa and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
|
attractive
|
Microsorum punctatum and cultivars
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
very hardy
|
Nephrolepis biserrata Nephrolepis - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
grows large
|
Nephrolepis cordifolia and cultivars
|
Temperate-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very hardy and adaptable
|
Nephrolepis exaltata and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Nephrolepis falcata 'Furcans'
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
decorative
|
Onoclea sensibilis
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
pale colour
|
Pellaea falcata
Pellaea - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Pellaea rotundifolia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
very rewarding
|
Pellaea viridis
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
difficult
|
Phlebodium aureum and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Phymatosorus parksii
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Polypodium australe and cultivars
Polypodium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Polypodium formosanum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
popular
|
Polypodium vulgare and cultivars
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
hardy
|
Polystichum lentum Polystichum - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
spreading habit
|
Polystichum retroso-paleaceum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
shiny fronds
|
Polystichum tsus-simense
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
upright tussock
|
Pteris cretica and cultivars Pteris - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
colourful and interesting
|
Pteris ensiformis and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
compact
|
Pteris tremula
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
light green fronds
|
Pyrrosia confluens
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Pyrrosia longifolia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
cold sensitive
|
Pyrrosia rupestris
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Pyrrosia serpens
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
hardy
|
Rumora adiantiformis
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
very hardy
|
Sadleria cyatheoides
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
very decorative
|
Scyhularia pentaphylla
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
dull-bright
|
coarse mix
|
Scyhularia pycnocarpa
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
coarse mix
|
Selaginella kraussiana
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
spreading
|
Stenochlaena palustris
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
dull-bright
|
adaptable
|
Tectaria heracleifolia Tectaria - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
Bright
|
interesting subject
|
Woodwardia orientalis Woodwardia - Wikipedia
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
large
|
Woodwardia radicans
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
Bright
|
large
|
Terrarium
Terrariums are mini indoor gardens that are perfect for people who want to decorate their home or office with houseplants, but don't have a lot of time to care for them.
Instructions to make your own terrarium from ehow.com:-
- Select a glass container. Large jars, compotes or aquariums are all excellent choices for building a terrarium. Make sure to clean it well with hot, soapy water before you start.
- Next you want to create the terrarium's drainage layer. Layer about an inch of large pea gravel in the bottom of the container. If the container has a narrow opening, create a funnel with the paper, then pour the gravel through the funnel and use a chopstick to move the gravel into place. Add a ½-inch layer of ground charcoal over the gravel.
- Pour 2 to 3 inches of fresh potting soil over the drainage layer. Use a sterilized soil mix. The soil and drainage layer should take up about 1/4 of the terrarium container's space.
- Select small plants that all require the same type of care. For example, use all tropical sun-loving or all drought-tolerant plants. Never mix plants with different growing requirements.
- Think about how you want to place the plants within the container. Taller plants should go in the back of the jar and shorter ones in the front. Dig planting holes in the soil with a chopstick or your hand if it fits through the container's opening.
- Remove the plants from their containers. Trim off any yellow or brown foliage. Remove any extra soil from around the roots, then tease the roots apart gently, and place the plants into the planting holes. Cover the roots with soil and gently firm the soil around each plant.
- Water the terrarium after all the plants are in place. Use a funnel to wash the sides of the terrarium as you water.
- If you created a tropical terrarium, you have the option of covering the jar with a lid or glass dish. This step will seal the environment and create a miniature rain forest. Just be aware that sealed terrariums are at risk of overheating if placed near a sunny window. Skip this step if you used drought tolerant plants, such as cacti and succulents, as it will create too humid an environment for them.
- Tips and warnings :-
- Some plants that do well in terrariums are African violets,ferns and hypoestes. Others are listed in the Garden Helper.
- Moisture will appear on the inside of the jar. Crack the lid for a few hours to allow some moisture to escape.
- Use very little fertilizer - you want to keep the plants small and not encourage new growth.
- Don't overwater. The plants will create their own moisture through evaporation. When the sides of the glass are dry and no moisture is evident inside the jar, water sparingly.
From Chapter 21 - Specialized containers and systems of culture, and Appendix 2 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:-
The following species are small enough for cultivation in terrariums. Those suitable only for larger terrariums are marked with an *. The list includes creeping ferns as well as those with a clumping growth habit. Some ferns dislike excessive humidity but will succeed well in a drier terrarium. These are indicated under comments.
|
Species
|
Region
|
Comments
|
Actiniopteris semiflabella
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
excellent
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris* Adiantum- Flora of North America
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
needs lime
|
Adiantum diaphanum
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
excellent, spreading habit
|
Adiantum hispidulum
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
performs well
|
Adiantum raddianum* and cultivars
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
smaller growing cultivars
|
Adiantum reniforme
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
likes dry atmosphere best
|
Anarthropteris lanceolata
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading habit
|
Anogramma chaerophylla
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
fast growing, may naturalize
|
Anogramma leptophylla
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
likes drier atmosphere
|
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum* Asplenium - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
performs well
|
Asplenium alternans
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
drier atmosphere, alkaline mix
|
Asplenium attenuatum
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
likes drier atmosphere
|
Asplenium aureum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
clumping
|
Asplenium capillipes
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
small clump
|
Asplenium cardiophyllum
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
tiny creeping species
|
Asplenium ceterach
|
Temperate
|
drier atmosphere, alkaline mix
|
Asplenium cheilosorum
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
creeping habit
|
Asplenium flabellifolium
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading habit
|
Asplenium formosum*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
clumping
|
Asplenium hookerianum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
delicate fronds
|
Asplenium normale
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
clumping
|
Asplenium oligophlebium
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
clumping
|
Asplenium pekinense
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
small clumps
|
Asplenium prolongatum
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
tip rooting
|
Asplenium rhizophyllum
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
needs lime, tip rooting
|
Asplenium ruprechtii
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
tip rooting
|
Asplenium ruta-muraria
|
Temperate
|
needs lime
|
Asplenium septentrionale
|
Temperate
|
small clumps
|
Asplenium trichomanes
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
needs lime
|
Asplenium tripteropus
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
proliferous
|
Asplenium varians
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
small clump
|
Asplenium viride
|
Temperate
|
needs lime
|
Blechnum chambersii*
Blechnum - Wikipedia
|
Temperate
|
erect clump
|
Blechnum fluviatile
|
Temperate
|
flat clump
|
Blechnum membranaceum
|
Temperate
|
neat grower
|
Blechnum penna-marina
|
Temperate
|
spreading habit
|
Blechnum spicant and cultivars
|
Temperate
|
small clumps
|
Bolbitis heteroclita form
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
spreading mossy carpet
|
Callistopteris bauerana
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
finely divided fronds
|
Cardiomanes reniforme
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
appealing fronds
|
Cheilanthes argentea
Cheilanthes - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
needs dry atmosphere
|
Cheilanthes austroteniufolia*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading, adaptable
|
Cheilanthes californica
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
needs dry atmosphere
|
Cheilanthes covillei
|
Temperate
|
needs dry atmosphere
|
Cheilanthes distans
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading, adaptable
|
Cheilanthes sieberi
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading adaptable
|
Cystopteris bulbifera
|
Temperate
|
may naturalize
|
Cystopteris fragilis
|
Temperate
|
delicate fronds
|
Diplazium subsinuatum
Diplazium - Wikipedia
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
excellent, distinctive fronds
|
Diplazium tomitaroanum
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
clumping
|
Doodia caudata Doodia - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
small clumps
|
Doryopteris concolor
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
likes drier atmosphere
|
Doryopteris ludens
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
dry, needs lime
|
Doryopteris palmata
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
dry, needs lime, difficult
|
Gymnopteris marantae
|
Temperate
|
dry, difficult
|
Lemmaphyllum accedens
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
creeping habit
|
Lemmaphyllum microphyllum
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
creeping habit
|
Leptopteris fraseri*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
needs high humidity
|
Leptopteris hymeno-phylloides*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
needs high humidity
|
Leptopteris superba*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
needs high humidity
|
Macroglena caudata
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
excellent, needs coarse mix
|
Nephrolepis exaltata 'Mini Ruffle' Nephrolepis - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
small, ruffled clumps
|
Notholaena sinuata*
Notholaena - Wikipedia
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dry
|
Notholaena standleyi*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dry, may need lime
|
Oenotrichia tripinnata*
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
excellent
|
Paraceterach muelleri*
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
dry
|
Paraceterach reynoldsii
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
dry
|
Pleurosorus rutifolius
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
dry
|
Pteris ensiformis and cultivars Pteris - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
excellent
|
Pyrrosia rupestris
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
drier
|
Pyrossia serpens
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
drier
|
Quercifilix zeylanica
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
drier
|
Selaginella australiensis
Selaginella - Wikipedia
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
spreading
|
Selaginella brisbanensis
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
spreading
|
Selaginella kraussiana
|
Temperate-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading
|
Selaginella longipinna
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
clumping
|
Selaginella martensii
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
clumping
|
Selaginella mollis
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
spreading
|
Selaginella serpens
|
Tropical-Semi-Tropical
|
spreading
|
Selaginella umbrosa
|
Semi-Tropical-Temperate
|
clumping
|
Trichomanes species
|
Tropical-Temperate
|
needs high humidity
|
|
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