Topic - Over 1060 links in this table to a topic in a topic folder or page within that folder of this website
Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CEDAdrive creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.

Companion Planting
A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,
F ,G ,H ,I ,J ,K ,
L ,M ,N ,O ,P ,Q ,
R ,S ,T ,U ,V ,W ,
X, Y, Z
...Pest Control
...using Plants to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected plant or deter its pests

Garden
Construction
with ground drains
Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
...RHS Mixed
Borders
......Bedding Plants
......Her Perennials
......Other Plants
......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.

Plants
...Groundcover A,
B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
I, J, K, L, M, N, O,
P, Q, R, S, T, U, V,
W, XYZ with 14 Special Situations.
...in Chalk (Alkaline) Soil A-F1, A-F2,
A-F3, G-L, M-R,
M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy Clay Soil A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z
...in Lime-Free (Acid) Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...in Light Sand Soil
A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z.
...Poisonous Plants.
...Extra Plant Pages
with its 6 Plant Selection Levels

Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
...How roots of plants are in control in the soil
...Without replacing Soil Nutrients, the soil will break up to only clay, sand or silt
...Subsidence caused by water in Clay
...Use water ring for trees/shrubs for first 2 years.

Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

Topic -
Plant Photo Galleries
with Plant Botanical Index
...A, B, C, D, E,
...F, G, H, I, J, K,
...L, M, N, O, P, Q,
...R, S, T, U, V, W,
...X, Y, Z

If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 or 7 flower colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries, as a low-level Plant Selection Process
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape


Bulb Index
A1, 2, 3, B, C1, 2,
D, E, F, G, Glad,
H, I, J, K, L1, 2,
M, N, O, P, Q, R,
S, T, U, V, W, XYZ
...Allium/ Anemone
...Autumn
...Colchicum/ Crocus
...Dahlia
...Gladiolus with its 40 Flower Colours
......European A-E
......European F-M
......European N-Z
......Eur Non-classified
......American A
......American B
......American C
......American D
......American E
......American F
......American G
......American H
......American I
......American J
......American K
......American L
......American M
......American N
......American O
......American P
......American Q
......American R
......American S
......American T
......American U
......American V
......American W
......American XYZ
......Ame Non-classified
......Australia - empty
......India
......Lithuania
...Hippeastrum/ Lily
...Late Summer
...Narcissus
...Spring
...Tulip
...Winter
...Each of the above ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages
...Flower Shape
...Bulb Form
...Bulb Use
...Bulb in Soil

Further details on bulbs from the Infill Galleries:-
Hardy Bulbs
...Aconitum
...Allium
...Alstroemeria
...Anemone
...Amaryllis
...Anthericum
...Antholyzas
...Apios
...Arisaema
...Arum
...Asphodeline
...Asphodelus
...Belamcanda
...Bloomeria
...Brodiaea
...Bulbocodium
...Calochorti
...Cyclobothrias
...Camassia
...Colchicum
...Convallaria 
...Forcing Lily of the Valley
...Corydalis
...Crinum
...Crosmia
...Montbretia
...Crocus
...Cyclamen
...Dicentra
...Dierama
...Eranthis
...Eremurus
...Erythrnium
...Eucomis
...Fritillaria
...Funkia
...Galanthus
...Galtonia
...Gladiolus
...Hemerocallis
...Hyacinth
...Hyacinths in Pots
...Scilla
...Puschkinia
...Chionodoxa
...Chionoscilla
...Muscari
...Iris
...Kniphofia
...Lapeyrousia
...Leucojum
...Lilium
...Lilium in Pots
...Malvastrum
...Merendera
...Milla
...Narcissus
...Narcissi in Pots
...Ornithogalum
...Oxalis
...Paeonia
...Ranunculus
...Romulea
...Sanguinaria
...Sternbergia
...Schizostylis
...Tecophilaea
...Trillium
...Tulip
...Zephyranthus
Half-Hardy Bulbs
...Acidanthera
...Albuca
...Alstroemeri
...Andro-stephium
...Bassers
...Boussing-aultias
...Bravoas
...Cypellas
...Dahlias
...Galaxis,
...Geissorhizas
...Hesperanthas
...Gladioli
...Ixias
...Sparaxises
...Babianas
...Morphixias
...Tritonias
...Ixiolirions
...Moraeas
...Ornithogalums
...Oxalises
...Phaedra-nassas
...Pancratiums
...Tigridias
...Zephyranthes
...Cooperias
Uses of Bulbs:-
...for Bedding
...in Windowboxes
...in Border
...naturalized in Grass
...in Bulb Frame
...in Woodland Garden
...in Rock Garden
...in Bowls
...in Alpine House
...Bulbs in Greenhouse or Stove:-
...Achimenes
...Alocasias
...Amorpho-phalluses
...Arisaemas
...Arums
...Begonias
...Bomareas
...Caladiums
...Clivias
...Colocasias
...Crinums
...Cyclamens
...Cyrtanthuses
...Eucharises
...Urceocharis
...Eurycles
...Freesias
...Gloxinias
...Haemanthus
...Hippeastrums
...Lachenalias
...Nerines
...Lycorises
...Pencratiums
...Hymenocallises
...Richardias
...Sprekelias
...Tuberoses
...Vallotas
...Watsonias
...Zephyranthes
...Plant Bedding in
......Spring
......Summer
...Bulb houseplants flowering inside House during:-
......January
......February
......March
......April
......May
......June
......July
......August
......September
......October
......November
......December
...Bulbs and other types of plant flowering during:-
......Dec-Jan
......Feb-Mar
......Apr-May
......Jun-Aug
......Sep-Oct
......Nov-Dec
...Selection of the smaller and choicer plants for the Smallest of Gardens with plant flowering during the same 6 periods as in the previous selection


Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...A,B,C,D,E,F,G,
...H,I,J,K,L,M,N,
...O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,
...V,W,X,Y,Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evergreen
...Heather Shrub
...Heather Index
......Andromeda
......Bruckenthalia
......Calluna
......Daboecia
......Erica: Carnea
......Erica: Cinerea
......Erica: Others
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evergreen
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...A1,2,B,C,D,E,F,G,
...H,I,J,K,L,M,N,
...O,P1,2,Q,R,S,T,U,
...V,W,XYZ,
...Diascia Photo Album,
...UK Peony Index
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron

Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Pruning Methods
Photo Index R 1, 2, 3
Peter Beales Roses
RV Roger Roses

Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable
Wild Flower and
Butterfly page links are in next row


Topic -
Butterflies in the UK mostly use native UK wildflowers.

Butterfly Species.

Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly Usage
of Plants.

Plant Usage by
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly.

Wild Flower

Flower Shape
of all types of wildflower/ cultivated plant with its Landscape Uses
in USA, its
7 Flower Colours per month and
Uses of each Plant sold in UK

with its
flower colour page,
space,
Site Map page in its flower colour NOTE Gallery
...Blue Note
...Brown Botanical Names
...Cream Common Names
...Green Note
...Mauve Note
...Multi-Cols Note
...Orange Note
...Pink A-G Note
...Pink H-Z Note
...Purple Note
...Red Note
...White A-D Note
...White E-P Note
...White Q-Z Note
...Yellow A-G Note
...Yellow H-Z Note
...Shrub/Tree Note

Poisonous
Wildflower Plants.

You know its name, use Wild Flower Plant Index a-h, i-p, q-z.
You know which habitat it lives in, use
on Acid Soil,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush, or
is a Sedge.
You have seen its flower, use Comparison Pages containing Wild Flower Plants and Cultivated Plants in the Colour Wheel Gallery.

Each plant named in each of the 180 Wildflower Family Pages within their 23 Galleries may have a link to:-
1) its Plant Description Page in its Common Name column in one of those Wildflower Plant Galleries and will have links,
2) to external sites to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name column,
3) to see photos in its Flowering Months column and
4) to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.

WILD FLOWER FAMILY PAGE MENU
(o)Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
(o)Arrow-Grass
(o)Arum
(o)Balsam
Bamboo
(o)Barberry
(o)Bedstraw
(o)Beech
(o)Bellflower
(o)Bindweed
(o)Birch
(o)Birds-Nest
(o)Birthwort
(o)Bogbean
(o)Bog Myrtle
(o)Borage
(o)Box
(o)Broomrape
(o)Buckthorn
(o)Buddleia
(o)Bur-reed
(o)Buttercup
(o)Butterwort
(o)Cornel (Dogwood)
(o)Crowberry
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
(o)Daffodil
(o)Daisy
(o)Daisy Cudweeds
(o)Daisy Chamomiles
(o)Daisy Thistle
(o)Daisy Catsears (o)Daisy Hawkweeds
(o)Daisy Hawksbeards
(o)Daphne
(o)Diapensia
(o)Dock Bistorts
(o)Dock Sorrels
(o)Clubmoss
(o)Duckweed
(o)Eel-Grass
(o)Elm
(o)Filmy Fern
(o)Horsetail
(o)Polypody
Quillwort
(o)Royal Fern
(o)Figwort - Mulleins
(o)Figwort - Speedwells
(o)Flax
(o)Flowering-Rush
(o)Frog-bit
(o)Fumitory
(o)Gentian
(o)Geranium
(o)Glassworts
(o)Gooseberry
(o)Goosefoot
(o)Grass 1
(o)Grass 2
(o)Grass 3
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 1
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 2
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 3
(o)Hazel
(o)Heath
(o)Hemp
(o)Herb-Paris
(o)Holly
(o)Honeysuckle
(o)Horned-Pondweed
(o)Hornwort
(o)Iris
(o)Ivy
(o)Jacobs Ladder
(o)Lily
(o)Lily Garlic
(o)Lime
(o)Lobelia
(o)Loosestrife
(o)Mallow
(o)Maple
(o)Mares-tail
(o)Marsh Pennywort
(o)Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
(o)Mesem-bryanthemum
(o)Mignonette
(o)Milkwort
(o)Mistletoe
(o)Moschatel
Naiad
(o)Nettle
(o)Nightshade
(o)Oleaster
(o)Olive
(o)Orchid 1
(o)Orchid 2
(o)Orchid 3
(o)Orchid 4
(o)Parnassus-Grass
(o)Peaflower
(o)Peaflower
Clover 1
(o)Peaflower
Clover 2
(o)Peaflower
Clover 3
(o)Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
(o)Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
(o)Pink 1
(o)Pink 2
Pipewort
(o)Pitcher-Plant
(o)Plantain
(o)Pondweed
(o)Poppy
(o)Primrose
(o)Purslane
Rannock Rush
(o)Reedmace
(o)Rockrose
(o)Rose 1
(o)Rose 2
(o)Rose 3
(o)Rose 4
(o)Rush
(o)Rush Woodrushes
(o)Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
(o)Sandalwood
(o)Saxifrage
Seaheath
(o)Sea Lavender
(o)Sedge Rush-like
(o)Sedges Carex 1
(o)Sedges Carex 2
(o)Sedges Carex 3
(o)Sedges Carex 4
(o)Spindle-Tree
(o)Spurge
(o)Stonecrop
(o)Sundew
(o)Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
(o)Teasel
(o)Thyme 1
(o)Thyme 2
(o)Umbellifer 1
(o)Umbellifer 2
(o)Valerian
(o)Verbena
(o)Violet
(o)Water Fern
(o)Waterlily
(o)Water Milfoil
(o)Water Plantain
(o)Water Starwort
Waterwort
(o)Willow
(o)Willow-Herb
(o)Wintergreen
(o)Wood-Sorrel
(o)Yam
(o)Yew


Topic -
The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index


Topic -
Flower/Foliage Colour Wheel Galleries with number of colours as a high-level Plant Selection Process

All Flowers 53 with
...Use of Plant and
Flower Shape - page links in bottom row

All Foliage 53
instead of redundant
...(All Foliage 212)

All Flowers
per Month 12

Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers
per Month 12
...Index

Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
Rock Plant Flowers 53 INDEX
A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L,
M, NO, PQ, R, S,
T, UVWXYZ
...Rock Plant Photos

Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours
per Month Index
...All Plants Index


Topic -
Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Uses of Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Uses of Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Uses of Rose
Rose Index
...Bedding 1, 2
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower 1, 2
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container 1, 2
...Hedge 1, 2
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil 1, 2
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES


Topic -
Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag it to your desktop as part of a Plant Selection Process:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord - 1036 photos only inserted so far - Garden Flowers - Start Page of each Gallery
AB1 ,AN14,BA27,
CH40,CR52,DR63,
FR74,GE85,HE96,

Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187
A 1, 2, Photos - 43
B 1, Photos - 13
C 1, Photos - 35
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Photos - 411
with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal
E 1, Photos - 21
F 1, Photos - 1
G 1, Photos - 5
H 1, Photos - 21
I 1, Photos - 8
J 1, Photos - 1
K 1, Photos - 1
L 1, Photos - 85
with Label Problems
M 1, Photos - 9
N 1, Photos - 12
O 1, Photos - 5
P 1, Photos - 54
Q 1, Photos -
R 1, 2, 3,
Photos - 229
S 1, Photos - 111
T 1, Photos - 13
U 1, Photos - 5
V 1, Photos - 4
W 1, Photos - 100
with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams
X 1 Photos -
Y 1, Photos -
Z 1 Photos -
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens - 88
Flower Colour, Num of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-
Rock Garden
within linked page


Topic -
Fragrant Plants as a Plant Selection Process for your sense of smell:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2


Topic -
Website User Guidelines

My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020.

Ivydene Gardens Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery:
List of Perennials by Landscape Site - Shady Places
from Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0 Emily Brown has been a member of the National Committee of the Garden Club of America as well as a founding member of the Filoli Gardens and an ardent supporter of the Srybing Arboretum in San Francisco. She is writing about perennials for use in America. These are all the perennials detailed in Chapter 8 'The Woodland, Shady Places and the Rock Garden' pages 55-82.

 

Evergreen Perennial Name is Royal Blue.

Alpine Evergreen Perennial if Text Background is Blue.

Wildflower Name is in Black

Flower Colour

Flower Thumb-nail

Flowering Months

/ Form

Height x Spread in inches (cms)
(1 inch = 2.5 cms,
12 inches = 1 foot
12 inches = 30 cms,
24 inches = 2 feet,
3 feet = 1 yard,
40 inches = 100 cms)

Foliage Colour

Comments

Use

List of Perennials by Landscape Site - Shady Places

with Plant Type, Evergreen or Herbaceous or Deciduous, Sun Aspect and Listed Species


 

Acaena buchananii

(New Zealand burr)

Yellow

See large photo on
Foord Garden Flowers Page 1

acaenacflobuchananiifoord1a2a1a1a1

Pompom in Bunch

July, August

Mat-Forming

The spiny burrs (fruit) may be a nuisance to pets and sheep.

1.2 x 16
(3 x 40)

Grey-Green
acaenacfol1buchananiifoord1b1a1a1a
It can be used to knit borders and paths together - a grey-green carpet for the edges of your garden.

Plant in crevices of paving stones, in walls, on banks and slopes as a ground cover, in pale coloured gravel, in a Rock Garden or Containers at 12" spacing.

Acidic,
Well-drained, Sandy soil.

Rock Garden, Sloping Site,
Grow in Scree, Grow in Patio Pot, Grow in Alpine Trough

Acaena in
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Perennial
Evergreen
Sun or Part Shade.
A. inermis
(Acaena inermis
'Purpurea'),
A. microphylla,
A. fissitipula,
A. buchananii
Companions Sedges, Plantago major 'Rubrifolia, and paving stones. Use it to knit borders and paths together.

Aconitum
'Spark's Variety'

Deep purplish blue

aconitumcflo1sparksvarietygarnonswilliams1a1

Erect form.

Jul-Aug

36-48 x 24
(90-120 x 60)

Dark Green, deeply lobed

Monkshood, Wolfsbane.
Well-drained chalk or sandsoil, moist. Full sun but prefers Part Shade if too dry. Cut stems to ground in winter before new growth begins. Mulch annually with organic material. The poisonous root has been mistaken for a horse-radish root; do not plant near edibles.

Grow with grasses, astrantia, astilbe, cimicifuga (actaea) and eupatorium.

Woodland.
Back of Border. Good cut flower

Aconitum in
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
'Spark's Variety'

from

Landscaping List by Use - In Back of Border, Alley, and Too Tall for Words Special Garden

another Aconitum in
Site - woodland page.

Actaea
simplex
'Brunette'

There is also
Actea simplex 'Pink Spike' and
Actaea simplex 'Prichards Giant'

White flower spires are generally more demon-strative in front of darker back-grounds.

 

actaeaflosimplexbrunettegarnonswilliams1b1

July, August, September, October

Erect form

48 x 36
(120 x 90)

Deep Purple foliage on upright brownish-purple stems provides excellent texture and color to the landscape throughout the growing season.
 

Soil - On the acid side of neutral, light sand and leaf-mouldy but able to retain moisture.
Sun Aspect - Part Shade to full Shade
Soil Moisture - Organically-rich and moist.

Best sheltered in locations sheltered from strong winds. Requires support structure (Birch branch?)

Adds architectural height and late summer bloom to a shaded part of the border or shade garden. Also effective in woodland gardens, cottage gardens and naturalized areas. Best in groups, although single plants have good specimen value once established.

Try it at the back of a border, between evergreens.

Actaea in
Shade.
Perennial
Herbaceous.
Clump-forming.
Best in moist woodland.
A. spicata,
A. pachypoda var alba,
A. rubra var arguta,
A. triplinervis
A. triplinervis 'Summer Snow'.
Companions - Patrinia or Boykinia to make a solid group of compatible subjects of similar height.

Adiantum pedatum
(American Maidenhair,
Five-finger fern)

Hardy to -37 degrees Centigrade (-35 degrees Fahrenheit),
Zone 3

Grows in North America, Central and Eastern United States, Canada, Alaska, North India, Japan and eastern Asia.

"Zones 3-8 native to North America and East Asia, the 8-20 forked pinnate leaf segments are in a horse-shape arrangement from the central stalk" from University of Vermont

Ferns do not have flowers, but they do produce spores

 

Clump form

12-24 x 12-18
(30-60 x 30-45)

Spacing 10 (25)

Easy to grow as long as the soil is loose and rich.
In time, good moist compost and filtered light this will form a lush clump gradually spreading its welcome wands of foliage.

Dainty, bright green fronds are held aloft on shiny black stems. The fronds are in clusters from the clump-forming rhizome.

Brighter light will reduce the size of the fronds but full sun does not make for a happy plant! It is content in gardens from Zone 2 (where it is clearly one of the most ornamental options) to Zone 9

The fronds are in clusters from the clump-forming rhizome.

Dainty, bright green fronds are held aloft on shiny black stems, creating a light, airy texture in the woodland garden. In rich soil and bright shade it will spread by shallow rhizomes to form a dense groundcover. Found in the humus-rich woodlands and moist woods of Eastern North America.

They have extremely delicate fronds. This as well as tougher more sturdy ferns are decorative in varied arrangements - in a long solid line or in a deep and wide group or in twos or threes or even singly.

Adiantum in
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Maidenhair Fern.
Details of each fern in Page 1, 2 . Different uses of these ferns in Maidenhair Ferns. Different ferns including Adiantum in Woodlands
1, 2, 3, 4.
Use in Rock Garden and Wall 1.
Ground Cover Ferns 2.

A. venustum,
A. raddianum 'Variegatum',
A. raddianum 'Gracillimum',
A. hispidulum.
Companions -
Vancouveria, Epimedium,
Astilbe and naturally other ferns.
 

Adonis annua
(Adonis autumnalis,
Pheasant's Eye,
Blooddrops)

Red

fpheasantscfloeye

June onwards

16 x 6
(40 x 15)

Buttercup Family

fpheasantscfoleye

An arable weed of dry soils on chalk and limestone, also recorded from tracks, chalk pits and other disturbed habitats. Seed production is low but there is a long-lived soil seed bank. Most populations are small and restricted to field edges. Poisonous to livestock.

Annual Herb pollinated by bees.
Use for bedding and woodland edges.

Adonis in
Part Shade.
Pheasant's Eye.
Herbaceous Perennial.
Moist soil.
Flowers solitary, terminal.
A. amurensis,
A. vernalis.

See Annual / Biennial Plants A-C Page for further details of this and other Adonis cultivars.

Amsonia tabernaemontana
(Blue Star)

Terminal, pyramidal clusters, soft light blue, star-like

 

May-Jun

24-36 x 24-36
(60-90 x 60-90)

Narrow, willow-shaped, dull green foliage may turn an attractive yellow in the autumn.

Rich, open woods and thickets in Missouri, America.
Almost any soil, likes wet soil. H5 - hardy in most places throughout the UK even in severe winters.
Companions - Geranium (like Geranium psilostemon), Crocosmia, Rosa

Edge paths / borders or use in multiple clumps to form good ground cover.

Slug and snail resistant and flower reliably each year.

Amsonia
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial.
Erect, Clump-forming on moist soil.
A. tabernae-montana,
A. t. salicifolia

Androsace bulleyana

Scarlet

androsacecflobulleyanakevock

Jun

Mat-Form

4-12 x 4 (10-30 x 10)

2-4 inch (5-10 cm) wide basal prostrate rosette of grey-green. Leaves leathery spatulate with hairy margins from which on a 6-inch stem are borne the flowers.

A high alpine species is native from gravelly slopes, valleys; 1800-3200 metres in North-West Yunnan of China.

A meagre, very gritty soil and a position in a chink between rocks helps to keep the plants compact.

Equal parts of loam, leafmould and sand. This is a suitable mixture for plants which require a light, open, porous soil with good drainage.
Use in vertical sections of cliff-crevices and dry stone walls, on a scree bed or as pot plants for the alpine house.

Androsace
Part Shade where summers are hot.
Evergreen Sub-Shrub.
A. lanuginosa,
A. l. var. leichlinii,
A. primuloides,
A. primuloides var. chumbi,
A. sarmentosa,
A. chamaejasme,
A. villosa,
A. pyrenaica,
A. vandelli.

See Rock Garden Plant Index A for further details.

Anemone coronaria
'de Caen'
(Anemone bucharica,
Florist Anemones, Poppy Anemone,
Windflower)

Red, Blue or White

anemonecfloscoronariadecaengeetee1

petal-like tepals, star shape bloom.

 

The flowers produce 200–300 seeds.
Cross-pollinated be bees, flies and beetles.

Mar-Jun

Spreading.
Floret

Where soil is not moist, soaking the tubers in lukewarm water for about 24 hours will speed start of growth. Once started, plants must be given adequate moisture until flowering is past and foliage begins to die down.

12 x 6
(30 x 15)

Natural habitat is sandy soil enriched by leaf mould in established woodlands, where they receive both full sun and part shade.
In light sandy soils an addition of peat with bone meal and dried blood helps.
 

Dark Green
Does not grow well in gardens in cooler climates, prefers warmth. Ok outside in South of England and Holland.

Plant tubers 3 inches (7.5 cm) deep and spaced about 3 inches apart in bold drifts in
Sep-Oct for spring-flowering;
Mar/Apr for
Jun-Jul flowering;
May-Jun for
Sep flowering.

Between June and August, lift and divide tubers after foliage has died down every 2 or 3 years.
 

Well-drained Chalk, Sand
Full Sun
Moist.
Mulch with fallen autumn leaves to provide frost protection and food during the winter with moisture retension in the summer.
This is the cut flower of early spring found at the florist.

Suitable Anemones for the Rock garden:-

Anemone alpina
Anemone apennina
Anemone blanda
Anemone coronaria
Anemone fulgens
Anemone hepatica
Anemone hortensis
Anemone narcissiflora
Anemone nemerosa
Anemone pratensis
Anemone pulsatilla
Anemone sulphurea
Anemone sylvestris

Pans in Alpine House, Rock Garden.

Must be given protection of frames or greenhouses in colder areas.

Companions:-
Alyssum, Arabis, Aster alpinus, Centaurea dealbata, Coreopsis, Digitalis, Gypsophila paniculata, Hemerocallis (yellow cultivars), Iris (rhizomatous white and yellow cultivars), Kniphofia (yellow cultivars). Underplant Peonies (white and yellow cultivars), Verbascum, Rhododendron species, Cotoneaster, Berberis, Acer palmatum, Deutzia gracilis and Weigela.

Anemone
Full Sun, Part Shade.
Deciduous Tuber.
3 Groups -
1. Poppy Anemone,
then
A. coronaria,
A. hortensis,
A. pavonina

See further details about Anemones in Allium Anemone Gallery. My suggestion for Anemones in the UK: Plant in 6 inch (15 cm) pot and plunge in outside bed after frost has passed, let them flower and then lift them and place in cold frost-free greenhouse during the winter without watering them.

Anemone hupehensis
(Japanese Anemone, Hupeh Anemone, Japanese Thimbleweed,
Chinese Common Name is da po wan hua hua)

White, Pink or Purple

The whites look hand-some with lots of green foliage. Combine with spring bulbs because the leaves emerge late.

anemonepflo1hupehensiskevock1a

Clump and
Spreader.
5 petalled star shape bloom

Aug-Sep

36-48 x 18 (90-120 x 45)

2-8 inch (5-20 cm) long, 2-6 inch (5-15 cm) wide basal Green leaves with lower surface pale Green

Well-drained Acidic Sand is preferred - will tolerate fertile chalky soil.
Part Shade
Moist or Wet

In China is native and naturalized on scrub, grassy slopes and streamsides in hill regions.

Underplant Rosa glauca and fruit trees. Use on slopes and streamsides.

Good Companions - Japanese anemones mix well with many vibrant autumn flowers, including Aster 'Little Carlow' and Aster laevis 'Calliope'.

Anemone
Full Sun, Part Shade.
Deciduous Tuber.
3 Groups -
2. Japanese Anemone,
A. hupehensis
and

Anemone blanda
(Grecian Windflower,
Fair Windflower, Greek Windflower)
 

Deep Blue

anemonecflo9blanda1

thumbIMG1861anemoneblandabluefloweredplantsupportsgarnonswilliams
Clump. Many petalled Star-shape flower on stem

Apr-May

6 x 6
(15 x 15)
 

Dark Green
anemoneblandafolt9

Chalk, Sand with Leaf-Mould.
Part Shade,
Full Sun
Moist

Companion plants from Department of Horticultural Science of NC State University for Anemone blanda and its cultivars

Woodlands, Mass plant. Deer, rabbit resistant. Cold greenhouse. Ground cover. Rock garden. Carpet under small deciduous shrubs.

Anemone
Full Sun, Part Shade.
Deciduous Tuber.
3 Groups -
3. Wood Anemone
A. pulsatilla,
A. nemerosa,
A. palens,
A. blanda
A. sylvestris

Anemonella
thalictroides
(Rue-Anemone)

White (pink forms
are known)

anemonellacforthalictroidesfoord

anemonellacflothalictroidesfoord1

Clump-Forming, Also colony-forming, slowly spreading to 12 inches or more across.

Mar-Jun

6 x 12
(15 x 30)

Olive-Green
anemonellacfolthalictroidesfoord

Need to be protected from competition in the root zone. Plants disappear by midsummer (Summer dormant), earlier if they don't get enough moisture. Remove dead foliage and mark location of plants; even when dormant, they need to be kept moist. Tubers may rot in very wet soils like clay or alongside streams, rivers or lakes.

Grow in a woodland garden, underplanting in a shady shrub border or a rock garden. See Nursery of Perennials, Ferns and Bulbs for Shade for other plants to put in the shade.

Native in woodlands within Eastern USA.

Anemonella
Shade.
Herbaceous Tuber.
A. thalictroides

Anemonopsis macrophylla
(False Anemone)

Racemes or loose panicles of pendent, lilac and violet flowers held well above the foliage

Clump. Cup-shaped with 3 waxy lilac sepals and several rows of 7-10 smaller violet petals

Jun-Jul

30 x 18
(75 x 45)

When planting out of doors, plants should be set at a spacing of 18-24 inches (45-60 cms) apart each way.

2- or 3-ternate leaves with lobed or sharply toothed leaflets.

Seedlings are slow to reach maturity, and flower in about 5 years.

Humus-rich, preferably well-drained acidic soil. Protect from cold, drying winds, which will damage or kill the mid-green foliage.
Hardy to Zone 4. It is thus much more easily grown in continental climate of the eastern United States and Canada than in the Mediterranean climate of the Pacific Northwest.

Grow in a moist woodland garden or peat garden, or in a shady border

Native in mountain woods of Japan. Japanese name of renge-shōma
(蓮華升麻, lit. "lotus-shōma").

Anemonopsis
Part Shade.
Herbaceous underground Rhizome
A. macrophylla

Angelica sylvestris
(Wild Angelica,
Jack-Jump-About, Woodland angelica,
林当归 lin dang gui)

Used within lifecycle of Butterfly Swallowtail,

White aging to red, then brown, many-petalled flowers in pin-cushions within plates

Flower stem held above foliage.

Seed-heads provide food for birds in late summer and early autumn

Jul-Sep

See photos of Angelica sylvestris with
its distribution in USA and Canada.

72 x
(180 x )

Umbellifer 2 Family

Mid-Green

It is fairly shortlived, so plants can be discarded and replaced after 2 or 3 years.

A perennial herb, occurring on base-enriched soils in a wide variety of habitats, including damp woods and carr, damp neutral grassland, marshes, mires, swamps and tall-herb fens, sea-cliffs, ungrazed montane grassland and mountain ledges.

It makes a good architectural plant for the pond edge or marsh in Full Sun or Part Shade.

Angelica
Shade.
Evergreen Perennial.
A. pachycarpa

Aquilegia canadensis
(Canadian Columbine)

All aquilegia seeds and roots are poisonous, since they contain cardiogenic toxins which cause both severe gastroenteritis and heart palpitations if consumed as food

Red spur and red sepals with Yellow petals. Attracts butterflies and humming-birds for the nectar from the spurs

aquilegiacflocanadensisfoord1

Mat-Forming

Apr-Jun

Only lives for about 3-4 years, so plant it in a place where it be can set seed. You can dig up your new seedlings in autumn and replant them where you want, or just collect the seeds and scatter them in bare patches in the border.

36 x 12
(90 x 30)

Pale Green, fern-like, lacy leaves
aquilegiacfolcanadensisfoord

Native to Eastern USA on roadside banks and in dappled shade, North America and Canada on rocky outcrops and woodland.
Well drained, moisture-retentive Sand or Chalk with Humus or rocky gravel soil.
Full Sun but it prefers Part Shade.
Moist - do not the soil dry out.

Alpine House Pot cultivation and propagation details in its Plant Description Page.

Excellent plant for between small shrubs, in a rock garden and in the Alpine House.

Companions with Viola, alchemilla mollis, geranium, hemerocallis, paeonia, digitalis, hosta, euphorbia and pulmonaria.
Plant any of the Allium family nearby to ward off aphids.

Aquilegia
Open Shade.
Evergreen Alpine.
A. glandulosa,
A. jucunda,
A. siberica,
A. flabellata,
A. ecalcarata,
A. saximontana,
Aquilegia of alpines - see details in Rock Garden Plant Index A.

See also
A. atrata for
Part Shade, and
A. vulgaris for
Full Sun or Part Shade
 

Arthropodium candidum
(New Zealand Rock Lily,
Dwarf Rock Lily)

Sprays of white, starry, six-petalled
flowers on short wiry stems dance over the foliage

arthropodiumcflocandidumfoord

Clump

Clearer flower photo

May-Jun

8 x 4
(20 x 10)

Linear, grass-like, mid-to-bright
green leaves. 

Tender deciduous bulb - long-lived and native to New Zealand.
Well-drained, gritty Chalk or Sand soil at the base of a sunny wall. Under glass, grow in loam-based compost with added sharp sand in full light. In growth, water moderately and feed monthly.

Excellent for the cool greenhouse, pots or Alpine House.

Zones 7,8,9 and 10 but tender in frost to -12 C.

Excellent for coastal areas in being resistant to salt spray and sew wind. Use for mass plantings and as cut flower.

Arthropodium
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Deciduous Bulb.
A. cirrhatum,
A. candidum

Arum maculatum
(Lords-and-Ladies,
Wild Arum,
Cuckoo-Pint,
Arum Lily)

Red flower spike followed by berries, which are harmless to birds and eaten by them. The berries are poisonous and the acrid juice ia an acute irritant to humans and other animals.

lordsandladiescflo

Clearer photos

April-May

4-20 x 4-20
(10-50 x 10-50)

Arum Family

The leaves are rolled round the midribs like flags. As they unfurl they are dark, handsome leaves shaped like an arrow-head, shining dark green in colour, and sometimes spotted with purplish marks. Foliage dies down by midsummer.

A rhizomatous perennial tuber of woodlands, hedgerows and other shaded areas on moist, well-drained and reasonably fertile chalk or sand. Plant 4-6 inches (10-15 cm) deep.

There is no known antidote to A. maculatum poisoning.

The roots were a traditional source of starch for stiffening clothes.

Use in woodland, riversides, in cottage gardens, under hedges, underplant roses and deciduous shrubs.

Arum
Full Shade,
Part Shade.
Tuber.
A. italicum,
A. maculatum,
A. palaestinum,
A. proboscideum

Aruncus dioicus
(Goatsbeard)

Creamy-White, 5-petalled, cup-shaped flowers followed by seedheads

aruncusdioicusflot9

Larger photos

Clump, Plume

Jun-Jul

Cut flower stem to the ground each year, leaving a rounded weed-free clump of 60 inch (150 cm) high foliage

72 x 48
(180 x 120)

Pinnately compound, broad, fern-like,
Mid-Green

aruncusdioicusfolt9

Clay
Part Shade,
Full Shade
Moist or Wet.
This plant demands space. Mix with gunneras and Campanula latifolia, which are also self-sowing. Border background plant. Missouri native plant.

Fringes of moist wood-lands.
Good for cutting. Native garden in middle of its bed or edge,
a specimen.
Group alongside stream or water gardens.
Mass down a slope.

Aruncus
Shady.
Bulb.
A. dioicus,
A. kneiffii,
A. astilboides,
A. plumosus var. glasnevin,
A. aethusifolius

Asarum caudatum
(Wild Ginger, Western Wild Ginger,
Birthwort)

Purple, cup-shaped flowers pollinated by flies. Ants transport the fruit back to their homes to propagate the plant. The root is edible.

asarumcflo1asarumfoord
Top view

asarumcflo2asarumfoord
Side view

Larger Photos

Mat

Mar-Aug

12 x 4
(30 x 10)

Apple Green.

Evergreen Perennial/ Alpine in native habitat of North America in pine or redwood forests in mesic or wet places by streams from sea level to 1200 metres.
Leaves are found in colonies or clusters as the rhizome spreads, forming mats

It spreads by rhizomes that travel on the surface of the ground or just slightly beneath.
Moist Acidic Sand with fallen conifer needles.
Full shade (deep woodland),
Part-shade (light woodland).
The leaves emit a ginger aroma when rubbed.
Companions - Ferns, Melica, Polemonium

Wild Ginger is a useful ground-cover plant for deep shade, spreading by its roots. Use foliage in flower arrange-ments. All wild ginger types can also be grown successfully in containers where their foliage can be appreciated and their unique flowers more easily viewed. 

Asarum
Part Shade.
Evergreen Perennial
A. canadense,
A. caudatum,
A. hartwegii,
A. shuttleworthii,
A. europeum

Asperula nitida
(Woodruff)

Pink,
4-petalled, trumpet-shaped, cluster of flowers are borne above rosettes of leaves

asperulacflo2nitidafoord

Larger Photos

Cushion

Jul-Aug

4 x 8
(10 x 20)

Light Green
asperulacfol1nitidafoord

Originates from short grassland, marble screes and limestone rock crevices in Greece and Turkey.

Woodruff is a hardy plant which grows horizontally and low to the ground. It requires a medium and well drained sand or sand-gritty soil, preferring a sunny to half shady site and can withstand temperatures down to -17 F (7 C). Dry to moderately moist soil.

Grow in a position in an alpine house, in a container or bedded in gravel or in a raised bed or in a rock garden, since it dislikes winter wet.

Asperula
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Evergreen Perennial / Alpine
A. odorata (Galium odorata),
A. nitida,
A. bryoides var. olympica

Astilbe chinensis
pumila

Rosy-Purple tufts of flowers in conical plumes to 10 inches long followed by seedheads that remain all winter

astilbechinensispumilacflokevock

Spread-ing Clump.

Jul-Sep

8-12 x 10
(20-30 x 25)

Neat mound of often Red-tinted, Light Green fern-like leaves.

Seriously damaged by late spring frosts. Astilbes grow in damp, grassy places and open woods in East Asia and eastern North America.

Chalk, Sand. Tolerates Clay soil.
Full Sun,
Dappled Shade (Part Shade), but don’t let them dry out over the summer.
Neat Habit.
Moist soil, but can be grown alongside a pond or stream.
Companions - Ferns, Aruncus, Tiarella, Cimicifuga, Pulmonaria, Helleborus, Epimedium, Polygonatum, Carex, Persicaria, Monards, Penstemon, Phlox, Eryngium and Japanese Iris.

Interplant with Hostas for the effect of horizontal Hosta leaves with vertical Astilbe flower plumes.
Use as border edge.
Colour lasts for two months and makes a good cut flower and Dried Flower. Focal point in the woodland garden. Good in masses. Deer resistant.
Astilbes are particularly effective in groups.

Astilbe
Shade and Full Sun but only where sun is not hot.
Herbaceous Perennial.
A. x arendsii hybrids - (
A. astliboides,
A. japonica,
A. thunbergii),
A. chinensis,
A. sinensis,
A. chinensis var. pumila,
A. 'Snowdrift',
A. binerta,
A. x 'Gloria Superba',
A. taquetii

Astrantia major
(Pink Masterwort,
Great Masterwort)

Bunches of Pin-cushions in stalked com-pound umbels with White and Pink streaks in centre surrou-nded by White floral bracts - 10-18mm long. Each flower has 5 petals.

astrantiaflomajorfoord

Erect and clump spread-ing form with flowers, which have a sickly smell, followed by 0.3 inch
(8 mm) long seed fruits.

Jun-Aug

 

Pollinated by various insects, especially beetles.

12-30 x 12
(30-75 x 30)

Umbellifer 2 Family

Large long-stalked, deeply palmately lobed, toothed mid green leaves.

Gallery of Photos/Illustrations, Common Name and Synonym of
Astrantia major with
its distribution in USA and Canada from
Flora of USA and Canada.

A long-lived herbaceous perennial which are common in mountain meadows and grasslands, in forests and clearings and close to the streams, usually on calcareous soils, at an altitude of 100–2,300 metres (330–7,500 ft) above sea level. Enrich the soil with manure before planting them.

Chalk.
Part Shade.
Dry.

Astrantia is a favourite with flower-arrangers. They will self-seed quite happily, unless dead-headed before the seed is ripe. Groundcover. Woodland, Streambank. Cottage Garden. Underplant roses and herbaceous shrubs.

Companions - Lilium martagon, Iris siberica, Milium effuseum 'Aureum, Hosta, Pulmonaria, Chaerophyllum, Pimpinella, Campanula, Phlox paniculata, Adenophora and Geranium.

Astrantia
Full Sun, Part Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial.
A. major,
A. maxima,
A. bierbersteinii

Athyrium niponicum var. pictum

Japanese Painted Fern is one of the most popular cultivated ferns.
It is one of the Lady Ferns and their Allies.

See the British Pteridological Society for further details and photos on 32,408 ferns.

Since it is a fern, it has no flowers.

Weeping habit

Suitable in North-western United States outdoors

 

...

 

...

12 x indefinite
(30 x indefinite)

Look at
Fern Gallery for other Athyriums.

athyriumcforniponicumpictum

Midribs of the leaflets and the base are pink emphasised by the pale grey, tinged with blue and pink banding through the central area of the fronds

Beautiful deciduous ground cover for shade with its delicately coloured new fronds, which are of a soft metallic grey colour suffused with reddish or bluish hues. Plants are very cold-hardy, withstanding quite heavy frosts. They can also be grown in subtropical regions. Soil must not be allowed to dry out.
 

Grow in a shady border, damp woodland by a stream or pond, or in cool greenhouse or conservatory. Naturalizes well.

Grow in moist Neutral to Acid soil enriched with leaf mould or garden compost, in
Full Shade (Plants in bright filtered light develop the best colour).

Athyrium
Shade.
Herbaceous Fern.
A. nipponicum var pictum

Bergenia purpurascens
(Elephant's Ears,
Pigsqueak,
Large Rockfoil)

Winter-flowering plants such as Cyclamen coum, early crocuses (Crocus tommasinianus), snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis), winter heaths (Erica carnea 'Springwood White') and winter aconitums can then be followed by evergreen heucheras, small euonymus (Euonymus fortunei 'Silver Queen'), dogwoods (Cornus alba 'Siberica') with evergreen grasses (Carex comans), sedges and ferns.

Dome of Purple-Red, 5-petalled, bell-shaped flowers

bergeniapurpurascensflot9

Larger photo.
Clump-Forming

Mar-Apr

bergeniaforpurpurascens1

18 x 12
(45 x 30)

Dark Green in Spring, then Purple foliage in winter.
bergeniafolpurpurascens1

Further details about Bergenia species from Wikipedia.

Chalk, Clay in
Part Shade and
Dry Soil.

Harbours snails!!
See Pest Control in Companion Planting to provide plants to ward off snails.
If plant survives an attack such as snails, etc, it can create its own defense mechanisms over the years as I have found with hostas stopping them from demolishing their spring foliage. Read 'United We Stand, Divided We Fall in chapter 5 of The Hidden Life of Trees by Peter Wohlleben ISBN 978-0-00-821843-0' where fungi help in this plant protection process.

Good for softening edges of beds, at their best when mass planted. Use with bulbs whose flowers will rise above the leaves. Leave the dead leaves on to provide the ground cover and prevent light reaching annual weed seeds to germinate them. Also use in Bedding, Woodland and Grow in Pot.

Companions - Omphalodes, Brunnera macrophylla, Hamamelis, Primula, Helleborus, Ophiopogon and Chaerophyllum.

Bergenia
Light Shade.
Evergreen Perennial.
B. crassifolia,
B. cordifolia,
B. cordifolia 'Purpurea',
B. purpurascens,
B. stracheyi,
B. x schmidtii
Hybrid Bergenias:-
B. 'Abendglut (Evening Glow'),
B. 'Ballawley',
B. Sunningdale',
B. Silberlicht'
('Silver Light')

Blechnum penna-marina
(Lomaria alpina,
Alpine Water Fern,
Deer Fern,
Blechnum alpina)

Native in New Zealand and Tasmania.
Member of Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria)
 

Since it is a fern, it has no flowers.

Propa-gation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat in well-drained pans in temper-ature 80F (C) at any time; dwarf species by division of plants, October or April.

 

...

Spread-ing habit

 

...

4-8 x indefinite
(10-20 x indefinite)

Linear, pinnate or pinnatifid fronds arising in tufts from creeping rhizomes.

Stove, greenhouse and hardy evergreen ferns. Genus formerly known as Lomaria is included here. First introduced late seventeenth century.

Culture of Hardy Species: Soil, 2 parts sandy peat, 1 part loam and pounded limestone. Position, shady rockeries. Plant, October to April. Water freely in dry weather. Protect Blechnum penna marina in very severe weather.

blechnumcforpennamarinaalpinagarnonswilliams

Blechnum penna-marina subsp alpina in Alpine House at RHS Garden in Wisley. Photo taken by Garnons-Williams in August 2013

Suitable for

Indoor Terrarium, Cold Hardy,
Ground Cover,
Border and Foundation,
Conservatory or Heated Greenhouse,
Acid Soil, in
Part Shade

Blechnum

Evergreen Fern
B. penna-marina,
B. spicant
and another 200 species
 

Boykinia aconitifolia
(Allegheny Brookfoam,
Brook saxifrage,
Boykinia turbinata, Therofon aconitifolium, Therofon turbinatum)
 

White, 5-petaled, bell-shaped flowers with yellowish white centres in branching dome clusters. The seeds are black with tubercles

Illust-ration with photos.

Clump

May-Jul
in USA

6-30 x 9-24
(15-75 x 23-60)

5 to 7-lobed, glandular-hairy, mid-green 2-6 inches (5-15 cm) long, with broadly toothed margins

Native to moist, rocky stream banks, lake and pond margins, and moist woodland areas in Appalachians of USA.

Zones 5-9.
Moist to Wet Acidic, well-draining sandy loams.
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Does not tolerate soil dryness.

Background plant in small wet woodlands. Add to moist areas in rock gardens.

Companions - Ferns, Corydalis, Patrinia and Dicentra.

Does not compete well against other plants.

Boykinia
Part Shade.
Herbaceous Rhizome
B. jamesii,
B. major,
B. elata,
B. aconitifolia,
B. telliniodes

Brunnera
macrophylla
(Anchusa myosotidiflora, Anchusa myosotidifolia, Siberian Bugloss, Great Forget-me-not)

Broad sprays of Tiny Bright Blue with Yellow centre, 5 petal, star-shaped flowers

brunneramacrophyllacflorvroger1

Clump, Spreader

Apr-May

in flower for many weeks

12-18 x 24
(30-45 x 60)

May spread out-of-bounds but not difficult to dig. Keep to 48 inch (120 cm) width.

Large, cordate, hairy, heart-shaped, Dark Green leaves up to 6 inches (15 cm) across, which make superb ground-cover plants.

Cut off spent leaves.

In February new foliage will begin to thrust from the ground.

Sand, Chalk.
Part Shade, Full Shade.
Moist and humus-rich (leave the fallen leaves from the shrubs/trees to form a mulch and then humus).

Naturalized in Britain.

Ideal for a shady area with moist but well drained soil, but will also prosper in a sunnier spot if the soil doesn’t dry out.

Lasts as a cut flower if conditioned.

Good groundcover in the foreground or in open bays of woodland, or under deciduous trees and shrubs for spring sun and summer shade.

Companions - Thalictrum, dicentra, epimedium, trollius, muscari, narcissus, Ranunculus ficaria, hyacinthoides, trillium, omphalodes.

Brunnera
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial
B. macrophylla

Calochortus luteus
(Yellow Mariposa Lily,
Fairy Lantern, Globe Lily,
Golden Lantern, Mariposa Tulip, Cat's Ear)

Second-year stems are topped with attractive blossoms. The flowers are 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) across, bell-shaped, and bear three wide yellow petals, in bunches

Photos

The center of the flower is sparsely hairy and has distinct reddish brown streaks and blotches. After pollin-ation, the plant produces seeds and goes dormant for the summer.

Upright, Columnar

Apr-Jun

Pollinated by insects.

10-20 x 4-6
(25-50 x 10-15)

Bulbs can be lifted as soon as the foliage dies down in the summer and stored overwinter in a cool dry place, replanting in spring.

Starts from seeds or regrows in the winter from a bulb. In the spring, it sends out long, grass-like basal leaves and short, slender stems, directly from the bulb.

Attracts butterflies and moths.

Never irrigate once established.

Full Sun,
Part Shade.
It is easy to grow in California and tolerates a variety of soil types, including sand and heavy clay soils, but does not like too much organic matter. Soil PH: 6.0 - 7.0. It requires good drainage and should be kept dry during the summer. Zones 3-7

It is found in coastal prairie, hilly grasslands and woodland openings. It is endemic to California, growing from the central coast to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada.
Also in Mexico, Middle East in cracks in the granite rocks on high mountains or into duff under trees and woods.

Sun Garden.

Companions - Wild Onions (Allium sp.), Indian Milkweed (Asclepias eriocarpa), Brodiaea sp., Clarkia sp., Delphinium sp., California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica or other species), Bird's Eye Gilia (Gilia tricolor), Tidy Tips (Layia sp.), Lupines (Lupinus sp.), Baby Blue Eyes (Nemophila menziesii), Heliotrope (Phacelia sp.), Checkerbloom (Sidalcea sp.), Triteleia sp.

Calochortus
Full Sun,
Part Shade
Herbaceous Perennial - Bulb
C. albus,
C. amabilis,
C. barbatus,
C. luteus,
C. macrocarpus,
C. superbus,
C. uniflorus,
C. venustus,
C. vestae

Cassiope lycopodioides
(Andromeda
lycopodiodes,
Erica
lycopodioides, Ericoides lycopodiodes, Haida Gwaii mountain-heather, Clubmoss
mountain heather,
White Heather)

Shining white, bell-like, 5 petal, nodding flowers from the leaf axils on short red stems. Flowers are above the foliage.

cassiopecfor91lycopodioideswikimediacommons

Prostrate, mat.

Late frosts may destroy the flowers.

Apr-May

Rock Garden and suitable for Coastal Condit-ions.

2 x 15
(5 x 38)

Mat-forming.

Tolerates temper-atures down to -12°C (USDA zone 8).

Groundcover as a mat of thread-like stems, clothed in tiny greyish-green, evergreen leaves, overlapping one another.

Moist acid well-drained soil, or sandy peat with moist, cool, north aspects position to keep the roots cool.

cassiopecfol8lycopodioideswikimediacommons

Full Sun,
Part Shade.

Native to Alaska, British Columbia and Washington - it is found on rocky slopes in arctic and alpine tundra, often near waterfalls, streams or generally moist areas.

Companions -
Dwarf Pieris, Calluna,
Pimelea.
Associated species include yellow mountain heath (Phyllodoce glanduliflora), partridgefoot (Luetkea pectinata), rusty menziesia (Menziesia ferruginea), and juniper (Juniperus communis).

Use in Rock garden, on a peat bank, or in open areas in woodland.
There are other Cassiope used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery

We have no trouble growing them here at sea level in our maritime climate.  The places where they have done the best for us are in morning sun exposure.  Those placed in the afternoon sun never do as well as they get too hot at the root ball.

Cassiope
Part Shade.
Evergreen Sub-Shrub
C. lycopoidioides

Ceratostigma
plumbagoides
(Plumbago,
Blue Leadwort, Dwarf Plumbago)

Brilliant Gentian Blue, 5 petalled, star shape flowers in Cluster

ceratostigmaplumbagoidesflot9

Upright, Creeping, Mat

Aug-Oct

Long- flowering till frost bloom period.

Slow to leaf out in the spring.
 

18 x 8
(45 x 21)

Bright Green in Spring and Summer. After flowering finishes, the leaves begin a month-long change to bright scarlet and finally maroon red in Autumn.
ceratostigmaplumbagoidesfolt9

Chalk, Sand, Clay
Full Sun
Moist
Cut right back in winter, while plant is dormant and interplant with spring bulbs.

Companions - Euonymus alatus, Eryngium x oliverianum,
Crocosmia 'Lucifer', Echinacea purpurea 'Green Jewel', Gaillardia, Coreopsis, Echinacea, Anemone.

Ground cover, Edging, Rock Garden. Compact, bushy habit in patio pots and border. Attracts butterflies.

Under-planting for shrubs. Deer, rabbit resistant. Establish in dry walling.

Ceratostigma
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Herbaceous Rhizome
C. plumbaginoides (Plumbago larpentae),
C. willmottiana,
C. griffithii

Ceterach officinarum
(Asplenium ceterach,
Rusty-back Fern, Scale Fern,
药蕨
yao jue)
The species is native from the UK to the Pyrenees - Page 235 of Fern Growers Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki and Robbin C. Moran. ISBN-10 0-88192-495-4

Since it is a fern, it has no flowers


...


...

It occurs in Ireland, thickly clothing the walls and stone dykes, frequently in company with the Wall Rue and Maidenhair Spleenwort.

6 x 8
(15 x 20)

Yellow-green, leathery and the underside is densely clothed with silvery brown scales. Sori are intermixed with the scales. The sori usually run parralel to each other from the midribs towards the margins of the fronds

Suitable for Terrariums

Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles)
Fern Type is
The Spleenworts.

aspleniumfolceterach231264

A dwarf fern which grows in rock crevices and frequently naturalizes the mortar in old walls. It is very drought resistant so that it can be grown in a small pot with moist-dry, basic potting mix or in a limestone rock garden in part shade or an alpine trough. Compost, equal parts peat, loam, leaf-mould, sand and old mortar rubble.

Ceterach
Full Sun,
Part Shade.
Evergreen Fern
C. officinarum

Actaea simplex (Atropurpurea Group) 'Brunette'
(Cimicifuga ramosa ‘Brunette’,
Cimicifuga simplex 'Brunette',
Bugbane,
Cohosh,
Snakeroot)

Creamy-White, 5-petalled, strongly fragrant, star-shaped
flowers on arching spire stems rising well above the foliage

actaeaflosimplexbrunettegarnonswilliams1

Erect, Clump

Jul-Oct

36-48 x 24-36 (90-120 x 60-90)

Deep Purple foliage on upright brownish-purple stems. 3-ternate, light green to purplish green, basal leaves 12-30 inches (30-75 cm) long, composed of 27-81 ovate to rounded, irregularly lobed leaflets.

On the acid side of neutral, light sand and leaf-mouldy but able to retain moisture.
Part Shade, Full Shade.

Needs birch twig support up to 36 inches (90 cms).
Foliage tends to scorch and otherwise depreciate if soil is allowed to dry out. Purple, ferny foliage provides excellent texture and colour to the landscape throughout the growing season.

Moist border,
Woodland, Cottage Garden, naturalized areas, back of border between small evergreens and ferns.

Avoid removing the faded flowerheads since they provide an interesting silhouette in the winter garden.

Hardy to -20C (-4F)

Cimicifuga
Part Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial
C. dahurica,
C. foetida,
C. americana,
C. cordifolia,
C. racemosa,
C. ramosa,
C. simplex

Claytonia virginica
(Purslane,
Virginia Springbeauty, Grass-flower,
Fairy Spud)

Pink-tinged, red-veined, white, 5-petalled flowers

 

...

Trails. its black seeds are dispersed by ants

Jan-May

Individual blooms bloom for 3 days

8-12 x 12
(20-30 x 30

Plant 3 inches deep and apart (7.5 cm)

A pair of smooth, grass-like leaves occurs halfway up the slender, 4-12 in. (10-30cm) flower stem, up to 6 (15) long.

Moist, Lime-free, well-drained soil.
Full Sun, Part Shade

From eastern North America. Zones 4-8.
Whole plant is edible. Naturalizes rapidly.
Mass in scree of rock gardens, in cottage gardens or in meadows.

Alpine House, shaded deciduous woodland in large patches. Plant disappears from above ground shortly after the seed capsules have ripened but does not leave a large gap in the garden.

Claytonia
Part Shade,
Full Shade.
Herbaceous Tuber
C. virginica,
C. megahiza

Clintonia uniflora
(Queencup,
Brides Bonnet,
Bead Lily,
Single-flowered Clintonia,
Smilacina borealis var. uniflora)

Erect, star-shaped, pure white flowers are produced singly in the upper axils with 6 tepals on its own leafless stalk

 

...

Spread-ing clumps

May-Jul

Flowers followed by blue-black berries maturing from late July to September for birds - ruffed grouse -, elk and deer. Seedlings will take up to 4 years to flower.

8 x 6
(20 x 15)

2-3 Inversely lance-shaped to obovate, glossy, mid green, leaves in a basal clump.

The plant produces an extensive system of underground stems, so do not hoe its surrounding soil.

Organically rich, moist, well-drained soil in Part Shade or Full Shade.
Native to western North America. It prefers cool montane coniferous forest, in which it can live for up to 30 years in zones 1-8, as attractive groundcover with Thuja plicata 'Fluffy', Abies lasiocarpa 'Green Globe' and Abies procera 'Glauca'

Shade Gardens, Woodland gardens, underplanting shrubs or roses, bogs or along ponds and streams.

Companion species in the understory include threeleaf foamflower (Tiarella trifoliata), twinflower (Linnaea borealis), and Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis).

Clintonia
Shade.
Herbaceous Perennial Rhizome
C. borealis,
C. andrewsiana,
C. uniflora,
C. umbellata

Coptis trifolia
(Coptis groenlandica, Threeleaf Goldthread, Savoyane,
Canker Root)

The long golden-yellow underground stem gives the plant its name.

Yellow-tipped White, Star-shaped, flower is borne on a leafless stem above the foliage.

...
The sepals are white and are easily mistaken for petals. The four to seven petals are yellow and club-like, and they are smaller than the stamens which are numerous and thread-like with delicate anthers.

Apr-Jul

The flowers are followed by fruit. The fruit is an array of four to seven pods, each about 1/3 inch long. The capsule-like fruit changes from green to tan or light brown and splits open to expose the seeds.

6 x 20
(15 x 50)

Basal, 3- to 5-palmate or finely palmated lobed, glossy, leaves rising from the ground.

Goldthread's leaves uncoil every spring like a fern, as they replace the old evergreen leaves of the previous year.

The plant growth habit is a runner spreading indefinitely by rhizomes or stolons, so do not hoe to weed around it.

Humus-rich, moist but well-drained, slightly acid sandy/scree soil in a sheltered site in Part Shade or Full Shade.

The dominant trees in the Adirondack region habitat are Red Spruce, Sugar Maple, American Beech, Yellow Birch, and Red Maple, with scattered Balsam Fir. The most common subcanopy trees are Striped Maple and Mountain Maple. Companion shrubs include Hobblebush, Canada Yew, and American Fly Honeysuckle. Companion wildflowers, in addition to Goldthread, include Wild Sarsaparilla, Clintonia, Bunchberry, Canada Mayflower, Indian Cucumber-root, Rose Twisted Stalk, Starflower, and Common Wood Sorrel. Companion ferns include Hay-scented Fern, Spinulose Wood Fern, and Intermediate Wood Fern.

Grow in a peat bed or woodland garden in Zones 1-7.

Goldthread prefers shady areas at the base of conifers, often growing in beds of moss. It can also be found growing under hardwoods in mixed forests and under balsam in alpine zones. In the Adirondack Mountains, Goldthread is found in conifer, mixed forest, and wetland habitats.

It is native to North-eastern America, Canada and Asia across the subarctic region in mossy woods, swamps, coniferous woodland and bogs. It is classified as a facultative wetland plant, meaning that it usually occurs in wetlands, but may occur in non-wetlands.

Coptis
Shade.
Evergreen Rhizome
C. groenlandica (C. trifolia var. groenlandica)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cornus
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cortusa
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corydalis
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cyathodes
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cyclamen
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cynoglossum
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Damiera
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dicentra
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Digitalis
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Disporum
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dodecatheon
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Draba
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Edraianthus
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Elmera
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Epigaea
Open Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Epimedium
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Erica
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Erinus
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Erythronium
Light Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eucomis
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eupatorium
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Francoa
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fritillaria
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Galax
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Galium
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gaultheria
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gentiana
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gillenia
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PERENNIAL - EVERGREEN GALLERY PAGES

FLOWER COLOUR
Blue
Orange
Other Colours
Red
Pink
White
Yellow

FOLIAGE COLOUR
Black
Blue
Brown
Bronze
Green1
Green2
Grey
Purple
Red
Silver
Variegated White
Variegated Yellow
White
Yellow
Autumn Colour
4 Season Colour

FORM
Mat-forming
Prostrate
Mound-forming
Spreading
Clump-forming
Stemless
Upright
Climbing
Arching

FRUIT COLOUR
Fruit

FLOWER BED PICTURES
Garden

WILDFLOWER
FLOWER SHAPE GALLERY PAGES

Site Map of pages

Introduction

 

PLANT USE AND FLOWER SHAPE GALLERY
compares the use and flower shape of plants in this website
- WHICH ARE THOSE PLANTS FROM OTHER GALLERIES
BESIDES THE WILDFLOWER SHAPE GALLERY -
combined with those already compared in
Bedding,
Bulb,
Evergreen Perennial,
Herbaceous Perennial and
Roses
pages as linked to in row
Topic - Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process
in the TOPIC table - on the extreme left - at the end of this page with this Tip Colour background.

BLUE WILDFLOWER GALLERY PAGES

FLOWER COLOUR
Blue
Brown
Cream
Green
Mauve
Multi-Cols
Orange
Pink A-G
Pink H-Z
Purple
Red
White A-D
White E-P
White Q-Z
Yellow A-G
Yellow H-Z
Shrub/Tree

WILDFLOWER BLOOM SEASON, FOLIAGE COLOUR and
FORM
in table alongside on the left

HABITAT LISTS
Coastal and Dunes.
Broad-leaved
Woods.
Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk.
Heaths and Moors.
Hedgerows and Verges.
Lakes, Canals and Rivers.
Marshes, Fens,
Bogs.
Old Buildings and Walls.
Pinewoods.
River Banks and
other Freshwater Margins.
Saltmarshes.
Sandy Shores and Dunes.
Shingle Beaches, Rocks and
Cliff Tops.
Other.

LISTS
Edible Plant Parts.
Flower Legend.
Food for
Butterfly/Moth.
Flowering plants of Chalk and Limestone Page 1
Page 2.
Flowering plants of Acid Soil
Page 1
Pollinator.
Poisonous Parts.
Scented Flower, Foliage, Root.
Story of their Common Names.
Use of Plant with Flowers
Use for Non-Flowering Plants

SEED COLOUR
Seed 1
Seed 2


7 Flower Colours per Month in Colour Wheel below

  • for Evergreen Perennials only prior to July 2022,
  • from July 2022 it will compare every plant with flowers in this website
  • in this EVERGREEN PERENNIAL Gallery.

Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month.

colormonthbulb9a1a1

Wildflower and Evergreen Perennials Height from Text Border in this and their Galleries

Brown =
0-12 inches (0-30 cms)

Blue =
12-24 inches
(30-60 cms)

Green =
24-36 inches
(60-90 cms)

Red =
36-72 inches
(90-180 cms)

Black =
72+ inches
(180+ cms)

Wildflower and Evergreen Perennials Soil Moisture from Text Background in this and their Galleries

 

Wet Soil

Moist Soil

Dry Soil

The Plant Height Border in this Gallery has changed from :-
Blue = 0-2 feet (0-24 inches), Green = 2-6 feet (24-72 inches), Red = 6+ feet (72+ inches) to

  • Brown = 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)
  • Blue = 12-24 inches (30-60 cms)
  • Green = 24-36 inches (60-90 cms)
  • Red = 36-72 inches (90-180 cms)
  • Black = 72+ inches (180+ cms)

Flowering months range abreviates month to its first 3 letters (Apr-Jun is April, May and June).
Click on thumbnail to change this comparison page to the Plant Description Page of the Evergreen Perennial - or to the Description of the Wildflower - named in the Text box below that photo.
The Comments Row of that Evergreen Perennial / Wildflower Description Page details where that Evergreen Perennial / Wildflower is available from.

 

Ivydene Gardens Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery:
List of Perennials by Landscape Site - Shady Places
from Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0
Her ideas about Perennials (a plant that lasts for more than 2 growing seasons) include Herbaceous Perennials and Evergreen Perennials, and most of the other plant types except Annuals and Biennials:-

In this Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery, all the above Plant Types together with Annuals and Biennials of the Wildflowers will be used as well.

 

Evergreen Perennial Name is Royal Blue.

Alpine Evergreen Perennial if Text Background is Blue.

Wildflower Name is in Black

Flower Colour

Flower Thumb-nail

Flowering Months

/ Form

Height x Spread in inches (cms)
(1 inch = 2.5 cms,
12 inches = 1 foot
12 inches = 30 cms,
24 inches = 2 feet,
3 feet = 1 yard,
40 inches = 100 cms)

Foliage Colour

Comments

Use

List of Perennials by Landscape Site - Shady Places

with Plant Type, Evergreen or Herbaceous or Deciduous, Sun Aspect and Listed Species


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Globularia
Full Sun,
Part Shade

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Haberlea
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hacquetia
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Helleborus
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hepatica
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Heuchera
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iris
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kirengeshoma palmata
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lapeirousia
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laurentia
Part Shade, Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lilium
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liriope
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lithodora and Lithospermum
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Macleaya (Bocconia)
Filtered Shade.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mertensia
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Metrosideros
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mitchella
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mitella
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Omphalodes
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ophiopogon
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Osmunda
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oxalis
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pachysandra
Full Sun,
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paris
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pasithea
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Patrinia
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pellaea
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phlox
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phyllodace
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pleione
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Podophyllum
Part Shade,

Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Polemonium
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Polygonatum
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Polystichum

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Primula
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pulmonaria
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pulsatilla
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ramonda
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Raoulia
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reineckea
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rhodohypoxis
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rodgersia
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rupicapnos
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sanguinaria
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sanguisorba (Poterium)
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Saxifraga
Full Sun,
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Schizostylis
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selaginella
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shortia
High Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stylophorum
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Synthyris
Light Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tanakaea
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tellima
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thalictrum
All species will grow in shade although full sun is recommended for some.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tiarella
Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tradescantia
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trillium
Part Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trollius
Part Shade as well as Full Sun.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Uvularia
Succeeds in shade but when wet enough tolerates sun.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vancouveria
Part Shade,
Full Shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Viola
Some species prefer shade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

"PLANTS FOR YOUR FOOD FOREST: 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and Permaculture Gardens.
An important new book from PFAF. It focuses on the attributes of plants suitable for food forests, what each can contribute to a food forest ecosystem, including carbon sequestration, and the kinds of foods they yield. The book suggests that community and small-scale food forests can provide a real alternative to intensive industrialised agriculture, and help to combat the many inter-related environmental crises that threaten the very future of life on Earth." They also sell books on Edible Shrubs, Edible Perennials, Edible Plants, Edible Trees, Woodland Gardening, 7400 temperate plants in Temperate Plant Database with The Leaflet Collection on 57 plants for a future.

Ivydene Horticultural Services logo with I design, construct and maintain private gardens. I also advise and teach you in your own garden. 01634 389677

 

Site design and content copyright ©February 2022. Chris Garnons-Williams.

DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.  

Sometimes, I may insert a photo from the Plant Pictorial Database in Kwan's website www.natureloveyou.sg or a link to a page on that website showing plant photos with text of
'Photo of Plant Name - link to the page on that website in the Plant Name - from www.natureloveyou.sg'.
None of his photos can be taken from his website and used commercially without his copyright permission.
You can call me Kwan. I live in Singapore, a small island state in Southeast Asia, since day one of my existence. Setting up and managing this website, which went live in July 2007, is just a hobby of mine.

 

 

 

Ivydene Gardens Wildflower Flower Shape Gallery:
Page Title in Table below

 

 

 

WILDFLOWER FLOWER SHAPE -
Click on Text link

 

 

 

Number of Flower Petals

lessershape1meadowrue1

cosmoscflobipinnatuspuritygarnonswilliams1

irishcflobladderwort1

ajugacflo1genevensisfoord1

aethionemacfloarmenumfoord1

anemonecflo1hybridafoord1

anemonecflo1blandafoord1

 

 

 

Petal-less

1

2

3

4
and Cross-shaped

5

Above 5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flower Shape - Simple

anthericumcfloliliagofoord1

argemonecflomexicanaflowermissouriplants1

geraniumcinereumballerinaflot9a

paeoniamlokosewitschiiflot1

magnoliagrandifloracflogarnonswilliams1

acantholimoncfloglumaceumfoord1

stachysflotmacrantha1

 

 

 

Stars

Bowls

Cups and Saucers

Globes

Goblets and Chalices

Trumpets

Funnels

 

 

 

campanulacochlearifoliapusillacflofoord1

clematiscflodiversifoliagarnonswilliams1

Ericacarneaspringwoodwhitecflogarnonswilliams1

phloxflotsubulatatemiskaming1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bells

Thimbles

Urns

Salverform

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flower Shape - Elab--orated

prunellaflotgrandiflora1

aquilegiacfloformosafoord1

lilliumcflomartagonrvroger1

laburnumcflowaterivossiistandardpage1

brachyscomecflorigidulakevock1

scabiosacflo1columbariawikimediacommons1

melancholycflothistle1

 

 

 

Tubes, Lips and Straps

Slippers, Spurs and Lockets

Hats, Hoods and Helmets

Stan-dards, Wings and Keels

Discs and Florets

Pin-Cushions

Tufts

 

 

 

androsacecforyargongensiskevock1

androsacecflorigidakevock1

argyranthemumfloc1madeiracrestedyellow1

agapanthuscflosafricanusbluekevock1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cushion

Umbel

Buttons

Pompoms

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural Arrange--ments

bergeniamorningredcforcoblands1

ajugacfloreptansatropurpurea1

morinacfloslongifoliapershape1

eremuruscflo1bungeipershapefoord1

amaranthuscflos1caudatuswikimediacommons1

clematiscformontanaontrellisfoord1

androsacecfor1albanakevock1

 

 

 

Bunches, Posies and Sprays

Columns, Spikes and Spires

Whorls, Tiers and Candle-labra

Plumes and Tails

Chains and Tassels

Clouds, Garlands and Cascades

Spheres, Domes, Clusters and Plates

 

STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements is a part of:-

The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index

 

 

Wildflower Botanical Name Index

AC,AG,AL,
AN,AR,AR,
AS,

BA,BR,BR,

CA,CA,CA,
CA,CA,CA,
CA,CE,CE,
CH,CI,CO,
CR,

DA,DE,DR,

EP,EP,ER,
EU,

FE,FO,

GA,GA,GE,
GL,

 

HE,HI,HI,
HY,

IM,

JU,

KI,

LA,LE,LI,
LL,LU,LY,

ME,ME,MI,
MY,

NA,

 

OE,OR,OR,

PA,PH,PL,
PO,PO,PO,
PO,PU,

Q

RA,RH,RO,
RO,RU,

SA,SA,SA,
SC,SC,SE,
SI,SI,SO,
SP,ST,

TA,TH,TR,
TR,

UR,

 

VE,VE,VI

W

X

Y

Z

EXTRAS 91,92,

 

 

 

 

Wildflower Common Name Index

AC,AL,AS,

BE,BL,BO,
BR,

CA,CL,CO,
CO,CO,CR,

DA,DO,

EA,

FE,FI,FR,

GO,GR,GU,

 

HA,HO,

IR,

J

KN,

LE,LE,LO,

MA,ME,MO,

NA,NO,

 

O

PE,PO,PY,

Q

RE,RO,

SA,SE,SE,
SK,SM,SO,
SP,ST,SW,

TO,TW,

U

 

Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers)

V

WA,WE,WI,
WO,WO,

X

YE

Z

EXTRAS 57,58,59,
60,61,62,
63,64,

 

 

Alpine Shrubs and Conifers

The Alpine Meadow
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0 for planting sites for perennials, which include most plant types except Annuals and Biennials.

Perennials & Ephemerals chapter of Plants for Dry Gardens by Jane Taylor. Published by Frances Lincoln Limited in 1993. ISBN 0-7112-0772-0 for plants that are drought tolerant.

Wildflowers with the same genus name as for the Evergreen Perennial in these following lists with their Species will be added to these lists so that you can then use them with those cultivated perennials for the same purpose in your garden. Their botanical names will be in black.
 

 

The Alpine Border
1, 2

Woodland Site

Shady Places
Site

Rock
Garden in Sun Site.
In Shade Site.

Planting on a Sloping Site

Bog Site

Large Perennial Site

Cut Flower Site

Outdoor Room
Site

 

The Alpines that Dislike Lime 1, 2

Alpines and Walls
Dry Sunny Walls 1a, b
Tops of Walls 2a, b
Dry Shady and Conifers 3a, b

Strip
Site

Plans for Beds and Borders
Site

Beds
Site

Borders Site

 

 

 

Long Bloomers

 

Sink and Trough gardens
1, 2

White Flower Colour

Blue or Almost Blue Flower Colour

Lavender Flower Colour

Lavender, called Blue Flower Colour

Yellow Flower Colour

Orange Flower Colour

Pink Flower Colour

Red & Scarlet Flower Colour

 

Sink and Trough gardens
1, 2

 

Maroon Flower Colour

Flowering Stem between 24-48 inches (60-120 cms)

Flowering Stem over 48 inches (120 cms)

Bloom by Season
Jan-Feb

Bloom by Season
Mar-Apr
 

Bloom by Season
May-Jun

Bloom by Season
Jul-Aug

Bloom by Season
Sep-Dec

 

The variety of plants that can be used in alpine gardening is obviously very large and very bewildering at first approach. With a view to easing the task of selection here are lists of alpines most likely to thrive and flourish under certain easily defined conditions and for special purposes, which may be considered first choices, from Gardening with Alpines by Stanley B. Whitehead. Garden Book Club. Published in 1962.

Alpine Plants for a Purpose:-

Beginner's Choice for an All-the-year-round-show in SPRING, SUMMER, AUTUMN, WINTER.

Plants of Foliage Beauty.

Alpines for Full Sun, Hot, Dry Positions.

Alpines tolerant of Shade.

Alpines for Dry Shade.

Alpines tolerant of Lime or Chalk.

Alpines readily raised from seed.

Alpines for the damper places.

Alpines for planting between Paving Stones.

Scree Plants.

Foliage
Blue-Green

Foliage Grey-Green

Foliage Grey

Foliage Varie-gated

 

Foliage Height
1-7 inches (2.5-17.5 cms)

Foliage Height
8-23 inches (20-57.5 cms)

Foliage Height
24- inches
(60 and over cms)

 

Foliage
Bold

Foliage Finely Cut, Delicate or Compound
+
Finely Cut

Foliage Aromatic

 

Perennials for Ground Covering in the Full Sun
+
 1, 2

Perennials for Ground Covering in Shade

and 3

 

Long Lived

 

Bulbs to Combine with Perennials including Corms

Grasses to Grow with Perennials

Subshrubs to Grow with Perennials

Annuals to Use with Perennials

Herbs for Decoration as well as Culinary

 

Annuals, Biennials and Perennials to grow Annually

Perennials which Self Sow

 

Neat Growers - Good for Beds

 

Perennials which prefer Moisture

Perennials which do best on Margins of Water

Perennials which are Drought Tolerant

Perennials which tolerate Dense Shade

Perennials for Poor Soil, Full Sun

Tough Perennials (or easy Maint-enance)

 


Alpines without a Garden by Lawrence D. Hills. Published by Faber and Faber Limited in 1953 for cultivation of alpines in pans, troughs and window-boxes, particularly in towns, for gardeners who have only windw-sills or verandas, or flat roof spaces.

Colour All The Year in My Garden by C.H. Middleton. Published by Ward, Lock & Co. for culture.

Perennials The Gardener's Reference by Susan Carter, Carrie Becker and Bob Lilly. Published by Timber Press in 2007 for plants for Special Gardens. It also gives details of species and cultivars for each genus.

Wildflowers with the same genus name as for the Evergreen Perennial in these following lists with their Species will be added to these lists so that you can then use them with those cultivated perennials for the same purpose in your garden. Their botanical names will be in black.
 

 

Wildflower Form and

Evergreen Perennial Form

Wildflower Form and

Evergreen Perennial Form

Mat-
form

Mat-forming

Prostrate or Trail

Prostrate or Trailing.
 

Climb
 

Climbing

Cushion or Mound

Cushion or Mound-forming

Spread or Creep

Spreading or Creeping

Clump- form

Clump-forming

Stem- less.

Stemless.


Sword-shape
Leaf

Sword-shaped Leaves

Erect or Upright

Erect or Upright.

Arching

 

Arching

 

Wildflower Use and Evergreen Perennial Use

Other than Only Green Foliage +
 1, 2

Bedding or Mass Planting

Ground-Cover

In Water

Coastal Conditions
+
Coastal

Speciman Plant

Under-plant

 

 

 

Indoor House-plant

Grow in an Alpine House

Grow in Hanging Basket +
Basket

Grow in Window-box

Grow in Green-house

Fragrant Flowers

Not Fragrant Flowers

 

 

 

Attracts Butter-flies
+ Butterfly Usage
of Plants

Attracts Bees +
 1, 2, 3
and Forage Calendar

Grow in Scree

Grow in a Patio Pot

Grow in an Alpine Trough +

Rock Plant

Edging Borders

Back of Border or Back-ground Plant

 

 

 

Into Native Plant Garden

Naturalize in Grass

Natural-ized Plant Area

Resistant to Wildlife

 

Early Spring Border Special Garden

Spring Epheme-rals Special Garden

 

 

 

Summer Border Special Garden

Cottage Garden Special Garden

Late Summer Border Special Garden

Autumn Border Special Garden

Shade Border and Woodland Garden Special Garden

Back of Border, Alley, and Too Tall for Words Special Garden

Meadow Garden Special Garden

 

 

 

Wildflower in Soil and Evergreen Perennial in Soil

Chalk +
A-F, A-F,
A-F, G-L,
M-R, S-Z

Clay +

A-F, G-L,
M-R, S-Z

Sand +
A-F, A-F,
A-F, G-L,
M-R, S-Z

Lime-Free (Acid) +
A-F, A-F,
A-F, G-L,
M-R, S-Z

Peat +

A-F, G-L,
M-R, S-Z

Any +

A-F, G-L, M-R, S-Z

+ Evergreen Perennials in Pages in Plants

 

 

 

Peony Use
of Peonies in

UK Peony Index

Fragrant Flowers

Flower Arrangers

Hedge

Growing Tree Peonies in Pots

Front of Border

Rest of Border

Not Green Foliage

Rock Garden

Seaside / Coastal

Tree

 

 

 

EXTRA PAGES OF PLANTS
MENU
Introduction
Site Map
 

PLANT USE
Plant Selection
Level 1
Bee Forage Plants
Attracts Bird/Butterfly
Photos - Butterfly

Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms)
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms)
Above 72 inches
(180 cms)
Photos -
Bloom per Month
Blooms Nov-Feb
Blooms Mar-May
Blooms Jun-Aug 1, 2
Blooms Sep-Oct

Groundcover Height
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms) 1, 2, 3
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms) 4, 5, 6
Above 72 inches
(180 cms) 7
 

Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
or
Cultivated Poisonous Plants
or
Wildflower Poisonous Plants
Rabbit-Resistant Plant
Flower Arranging
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers

 


PLANTS FOR SOIL
Plant Selection
Level 2
Info - Any Soil
Any Soil A-F
Any Soil G-L
Any Soil M-R
Any Soil S-Z

Info - Chalky Soil
Chalky Soil A-F 1
Chalky Soil A-F 2
Chalky Soil A-F 3
Chalky Soil G-L
Chalky Soil M-R
Chalky Soil Roses
Chalky Soil S-Z
Chalky Soil Other

Info - Clay Soil
Clay Soil A-F
Clay Soil G-L
Clay Soil M-R
Clay Soil S-Z
Clay Soil Other

Info - Lime-Free (Acid) Soil
Lime-Free (Acid)
A-F 1
Lime-Free (Acid)
A-F 2
Lime-Free (Acid)
A-F 3
Lime-Free (Acid) G-L
Lime-Free (Acid) M-R
Lime-Free (Acid) S-Z

Info - Sandy Soil
Sandy Soil A-F 1
Sandy Soil A-F 2
Sandy Soil A-F 3
Sandy Soil G-L
Sandy Soil M-R
Sandy Soil S-Z

Info - Peaty Soils
Peaty Soil A-F
Peaty Soil G-L
Peaty Soil M-R
Peaty Soil S-Z

Following parts of Level 2a,
Level 2b,
Level 2c and
Level 2d are included in separate columns
together with
Acid Soil,
Alkaline Soil,
Any Soil,
Height and Spread,
Flowering Months and
Flower Colour in their Columns,
and also
Companion Plants to aid this plant Page,
Alpine Plant for
Rock Garden Index Page
Native to UK WildFlower Plant in its Family Page in this website
and/or
Level 2cc
in the Comment Column
within each
of the Soil Type Pages of
Level 2

Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources)

PLANTS PAGE MENU

Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Level 2a
Sun aspect, Moisture


Plant Selection by Form
Level 2b
Tree Growth Shape
Columnar
Oval
Rounded / Spherical
Flattened Spherical
Narrow Conical
Broad Pyramidal
Ovoid / Egg
Broad Ovoid
Narrow Vase
Fan
Broad Fan
Narrow Weeping
Broad Weeping
Single-stem Palm
Multi-stem Palm
Shrub/Perennial Growth Habit
Mat
Prostrate / Trailing
Cushion / Mound
Spreading / Creeping
Clump
Stemless
Erect or Upright
Climbing
Arching


Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2c
Bedding
Photos - Bedding
Bog Garden
Coastal Conditions
Containers in Garden
Front of Border
Edibles in Containers
Hanging Basket
Hedge
Photos - Hedging
Pollution Barrier 1, 2
Rest of Border
Rock Garden
Photos - Rock Garden
Thorny Hedge
Windbreak
Woodland


Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2cc Others
Aquatic
Back of Shady Border
Crevice Garden
Desert Garden
Raised Bed
Scree Bed
Specimen Plant
Trees for Lawns
Trees for Small Garden
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers


Plant Selection by Plant Type
Level 2d
Alpine
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - RHS Herbac
Photos - Rock Garden
Annual
Bamboo
Photos - Bamboo
Biennial
Bulb
Photos - Bulb
Climber
Photos - Climber
Conifer
Deciduous Rhizome
Deciduous Shrub
Photos - Decid Shrub
Evergreen Perennial
Photos - Evergr Per

Evergreen Shrub
0-24 inches 1, 2, 3
24-72 inches 1, 2, 3
Above 72 inches 1, 2

Semi-Evergreen Shrub
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Fern
Photos - Fern
Fruit Plant
Grass
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Photos - Herbac Per
Remaining Top Fruit
Soft Fruit
Sub-Shrub
Top Fruit
Tuber
Vegetable
Photos - Vegetable

 

Photos - with its link; provides a link to its respective Plant Photo Gallery in this website to provide comparison photos.
Click on required comparison page and then centre of selected plant thumbnail. Further details on that plant will be shown in a separate Plant Description webpage.
Usually the Available from Mail Order Plant Nursery link will link you to the relevant page on that website.
I started this website in 2005 - it is possible that those particular links no longer connect, so you may need to search for that plant instead.

When I started, a click on the centre of the thumbnail ADDED the Plant Description Page, now I CHANGE the page instead. Mobile phones do not allow ADDING a page, whereas stand alone computers do. The User Guidelines Page shows which Plant Photo Galleries have been modified to CHANGE rather than ADD.

PLANTS PAGE MENU

REFINING SELECTION
Plant Selection by
Flower Colour
Level 3a
Blue Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Wild Flower

Orange Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Wild Flower

Other Colour Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Wild Flower

Red Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

White Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Decid Tree
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower

Yellow Flowers
Photos -
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Decid Shrub
Evergr Per
Evergr Shrub
Herbac Per
Rose
Wild Flower


Photos - 53 Colours in its Colour Wheel Gallery

Photos - 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery


Plant Selection by Flower Shape
Level 3b
Photos -
Bedding
Evergr Per
Herbac Per


Plant Selection by Foliage Colour
Level 3c
Aromatic Foliage
Finely Cut Leaves
Large Leaves
Other
Non-Green
Foliage 1
Non-Green
Foliage 2
Sword-shaped Leaves

 


PRUNING
Plant Selection by Pruning Requirements
Level 4
Pruning Plants

 


GROUNDCOVER PLANT DETAIL
Plant Selection Level 5
Plant Name - A
Plant Name - B
Plant Name - C
Plant Name - D
Plant Name - E
Plant Name - F
Plant Name - G
Plant Name - H
Plant Name - I
Plant Name - J
Plant Name - K
Plant Name - L
Plant Name - M
Plant Name - N
Plant Name - O
Plant Name - P
Plant Name - Q
Plant Name - R
Plant Name - S
Plant Name - T
Plant Name - U
Plant Name - V
Plant Name - W
Plant Name - XYZ

 


Then, finally use
COMPANION PLANTING to
aid your plant selected or to
deter Pests
Plant Selection Level 6
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