Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill3 Plants Index Gallery: |
Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill3 Plants Index Gallery: |
||||||||
Botanical Plant Name with link to |
Flower Colour Sun Aspect of Full Sun, with link to external website for photo/data |
Flowering Months with link to |
Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Foliage Colour followed by with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier
with data for rows in |
Plant Type is:-
followed by:-
with links to |
Use Description |
Pruning Training Average Height and spread 10 years 20 years Problems |
Similar Forms of Interest
|
Abelia chinensis Pruning. Thin crowded shoots after flowering and occasionally cut out an old branch to soil level. Propagate by half-ripe cuttings in July |
Produces fragrant funnel-shaped White, rose-tinted flowers in terminal panicles. Flowers are 5mm (¼in) long with 5-lobed calyces. Its pink sepals remain long after flowering.
Flowers on new growth. |
Jul-Oct Supplier of Abelia chinensis 'Ruby Anniversary' green deciduous foliage, Spreading, Space plants 60 inches (150 cms) apart when planting together |
60 x 96 Fragrant Use - As a deciduous flowering, fan-trained wall shrub, in a Container, as a Cut Flower and use for Screening |
It has reddish stems and oval, glossy, dark-green leaves to 4cm (1½in) long, that become reddish-brown before autumn.
|
Sh D Any Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D Fertile, well-drained chalky soil STAGE 3 |
Use - As a deciduous flowering, fan-trained wall shrub, in a Container, as a Cut Flower and use for Screening Hardy in most places throughout the UK even in severe winters. May not withstand open/exposed sites or central/northern locations. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -15°C (5°F). Full Sun - shelter from cold drying winds. |
Pruning - On established shrubs, remove one third pf the oldest shoots each year in early spring to encourage new flowering shoots. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. |
Abelia chinensis - taller growing with fragrant, rose-tinted flowers, Jul-Oct. |
Abelia floribunda is Mexican |
Produces pendent, tubular cherry-red flowers 3-5cm (1¼-2in) long with 5-lobed calyces in profuse terminal panicles. |
Jul-Sep |
120 x 144 |
Tall Shrub - arching shoots with evergreen oval, glossy, dark-green leaves to 5cm (2in) long. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E Fertile, well-drained soil |
Use - As a evergreen flowering, fan-trained wall shrub. Will grow taller if trained against a wall. May suffer foliage damage and stem dieback in harsh winters in cold gardens. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -10°C (14°F). Full Sun - shelter from cold drying winds. |
Pruning - On established shrubs, remove one third pf the oldest shoots each year in early spring to encourage new flowering shoots. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. |
Abelia floribunda - cherry-red flowers 2 inches (5 cms) long, borne in Jul-Sep. Slightly tender in most areas so fan-train on a sun-facing wall. |
Abelia x grandiflora is Glassy Abelia |
Fragrant pink and white, small to medium-sized, hanging, bell-shaped flowers borne in small clusters on wood 2-3 years old or more. |
84 x 84 |
Olive-green with red shading. Moist |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh Semi-Evergreen Any Soil, but new growth less vigorous on dry soils. |
Use - As a semi-evergreen flowering, fan-trained wall shrub and grow in patio containers using soil based compost such as John Innes No.3. Foliage - Leaves 1-2.5 inches (2.5-6 cms) long, ovate, pointed, olive-green with red shading. May fall from late autumn or be retained into early spring following mild winter. Stem - Light green with brown shading. Upright when young, becoming more branching in second and third year and darker brown. New shoots grow from base up through the older framework. By pruning and tying-in a fan-shaped effect can be achieved. Medium rate of growth. Fruit - Small, translucent seeds in clusters. Plants in the Abelia genus are extremely attractive to bees. |
Pruning - On established shrubs, remove one third pf the oldest shoots each year in early spring to encourage new flowering shoots. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. Height/spread - Problems - May appear weak when purchased but once planted grows quickly. Wood can be extremely brittle so needs careful handling. |
Abelia chinensis - taller growing with fragrant, rose-tinted flowers, Jul-Oct. Abelia x 'Edward Goucher' - produces purple-pink trumpet flowers freely during Jul-Oct. Foliage grey/green. Abelia floribunda - cherry-red flowers 2 inches (5 cms) long, borne in Jul-Sep. Slightly tender in most areas so fan-train on a sun-facing wall. Abelia x grandiflora 'Francis Mason' - golden variegated leaf form, a shorter shrub and more tender than its parent, which can be used for informal hedging. Bears pale pink to white flowers with honey fragrance throughout Jul-Oct. Abelia schumanii - a less vigorous and more tender form, bearing lilac-pink flowers throughout Aug-Dec. Abelia triflora - scented pink-tinged white flowers borne in threes in June. Minimum winter temperature 23 degrees Fahrenheit (5 degrees Centigrade) |
|
Abelia schumannii, Abelia longituba is Schumann Abelia |
Funnel-shaped lilac-pink flowers, with a reddish calyx |
72 x 72 |
The leaves emerge bronze, and turn to mid-green through the summer. Moist, but well-drained chalky or sandy soil. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site It will grow in just about any soil conditions but prefers a light, sandier soil. |
Use - As a semi-evergreen flowering, fan-trained wall shrub, mass plant as a low hedge and in Containers. |
Pruning - Abelias regularly produce new growth from low down and thus benefit from moderate replacement pruning. Spring prune by removing dead or damaged growth. After flowering, cut back up to one in four flowered stems to strong new shoots or to the ground. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. |
Abelia schumanii - a less vigorous and more tender form, bearing lilac-pink flowers throughout Aug-Dec. |
|
Abeliophyllum distichum is Korean abelialeaf, White Forsythia |
Tiny, white, sweetly scented star-shaped flowers with mauve-tinged basal shading when in bud. |
60 x 60 |
Opposite, oval, matt, dark-green leaves to 8cm (3in) often turning purple in autumn. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D Does well on all soils, except very alkaline. |
Use - As a small, fragrant, early spring flowering deciduous wall shrub. Foliage - Leaves ovate, 1-3 inches (2.5-7.5 cms) long, light green, often sparsely presented. Stem - Shoots lend well to fan-training, using wires or individual anchor points. Slow to medium growth. Fruit - Insignificant May not withstand open/exposed sites or central/northern locations. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -15°C (5°F). |
Pruning - None required. A hard prune every three to four years will control twigginess. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage a fan-trained shape. Height/spread Problems - Looks weak and uninteresting in a container - hence its limited planting. |
None |
|
Abutilon mega-potamicum is Flowering maple, Chinese Lantern, Parlour maple, Trailing abutilon |
Medium-sized, hanging, bell-shaped flowers with yellow petals, red calyx and purple anthers. "Flowers cooked. Used as a vegetable." from Useful Tropical Plants - The Useful Tropical Plants Database contians information on the edible, medicinal and many other uses of 11097 plants that can be grown in tropical regions) |
Jul-Sep |
84 x 84 |
Olive-green with purple/red shading and veins. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D Any soil but does best on moist, rich types |
Use - As a deciduous wall shrub in warmer regions or for growing in conservatories. In Australia it is suitable for informal hedges and can be grown in containers. Foliage - Leaves ovate, 2-4 inches (5-10 cms), with toothed edges. Olive-green with purple/red shading and veins. Stem - Light to mid brown, upright, slightly arching. Medium rate of growth. Fruit Insignificant. Hardy in coastal and relatively mild parts of the UK except in severe winters and a risk from sudden (early) frosts. May be hardy elsewhere with wall shelter or good micro-climate. Likely to be damaged or killed in cold winters. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -5°C (23°F). |
Pruning - Remove one third of old flowering wood on established shrubs in early to mid spring. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to achieve a fan-trained shape. Height/spread Problems - A shrub of weak constitution and not fully hardy. Not the sort of plants to be grown outside where there are likely to be frosts. These plants need to be grown in a conservatory or cool greenhouse or at least brought inside for the winter - use loam-based compost (John Innes No. 2) and provide plenty of light. |
Abutilon megapotamicum 'Variegatum'. Golden variegated foliage, tender, tolerates no frost. Yellow flowers with red calyx and purple anthers. |
Abutilon x suntense 'Jermyns' |
Large, open, saucer-shaped flowers in very rich mauve.
|
May-Jun |
160 x 96 |
Strong felted stems and greyish, 12 cm (5 inch) leaves with 3 or 5 distinct lobes and serrated edges |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D |
Use - As a deciduous wall shrub in warmer regions or for growing in conservatories. Foliage - Strong felted stems and greyish, 12 cm (5 inch) leaves with 3 or 5 distinct lobes and serrated edges. Hardy in coastal and relatively mild parts of the UK except in severe winters and a risk from sudden (early) frosts. May be hardy elsewhere with wall shelter or good micro-climate. Likely to be damaged or killed in cold winters. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -5°C (23°F) |
Pruning - Remove one third of old flowering wood on established shrubs in early to mid spring. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to achieve a fan-trained shape. Full Sun - shelter from cold, drying winds. |
Abutilon - how to grow, propagate and prune. |
Abutilon vitifolium 'Tennant's White' , Corynabutilon vitifolium 'Tennant's White' |
Large, delicate saucer-shaped white flowers |
May-Jul |
120-180 x |
Grey-green leaves. |
Use - As a deciduous wall shrub in warmer regions or for growing in conservatories. Foliage - Young shoots and foliage are covered with hair. |
Pruning - Remove one third of old flowering wood on established shrubs in early to mid spring. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to achieve a fan-trained shape. |
|
|
Acacia baileyana |
Fluffy bright yellow globose mimosa flowers. Produces small flowerheads in dense axillary racemes 7-10cm (3-4in) long. |
Dec-Apr |
180-300 x 120-240 |
Fine silvery-grey foliage |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Tr E Does best in light, well-drained soil. Severe alkaline conditions will cause chlorosis. |
Use - As a freestanding, upright or fan-trained tree against very sheltered large wall, where they gain from the protection. Foliage - Attractive grey-green, cut-leaved foliage 6-10 inches (15-25 cms) long and 6-8 inches (15-20 cms) wide. Stem - Blue tinged grey/green, fast growing. Adapts to training. |
Pruning - None except for training in a fan or upright shape. Training - Will require fixing to wires or individual anchor points.
Height/spread 10 years - 132 x 132 (340 x 340) freestanding 20 years - 168 x 168 (430 x 430) freestanding Protrudes up to 36 inches (91 cms) from support if fan-trained, 156 inches (400 cms) untrained.
Problems - May rarely survive outside the mildest areas in the UK. Tolerant of low temperatures, but not surviving being frozen. Except in frost-free inner-city areas or coastal extremities requires glasshouse conditions. Plant can withstand temperatures down to 1°C (34°F). |
Acacia baileyana (Cootamundra wattle). Glaucous, cut leaved foliage and bright yellow racemes of flowers in Dec-Apr. Two thirds average height and spread. Requires glasshouse conditions in UK. |
Acacia dealbata is Mimosa, Silver Wattle
In South Africa, the species is a Category 1 weed in the Western Cape (requiring eradication) and Category 2 weed (requiring control outside plantation areas) elsewhere. In New Zealand the Department of Conservation class it as an environmental weed. |
The flowers are produced in large racemose inflorescences made up of numerous smaller globose bright yellow flowerheads of 13–42 individual flowers. The flowers and tip shoots are harvested for use as cut flowers, when it is known by florist trade as "mimosa". |
Jan-Apr In spring the scented, nectar-rich blooms provide a valuable source of food for bees and other insects. |
600-1200 x 240-360 |
Evergreen fern-like 2-pinnate, hairy leaves, 12cm (5in) long, each with 40-80 linear, glaucous to silvery leaflets. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Tr E Does best in light, well-drained soil. Severe alkaline conditions will cause chlorosis. |
Use - As a freestanding, upright or fan-trained tree against very sheltered large wall, where they gain from the protection. It does not survive prolonged frost. Foliage - Attractive grey-green, cut-leaved foliage 6-10 inches (15-25 cms) long and 6-8 inches (15-20 cms) wide. Stem - Blue tinged grey/green, fast growing. Adapts to training. |
Pruning - None except for training in a fan or upright shape. Training - Will require fixing to wires or individual anchor points.
Height/spread 10 years - 132 x 132 (340 x 340) freestanding 20 years - 168 x 168 (430 x 430) freestanding Protrudes up to 36 inches (91 cms) from support if fan-trained, 156 inches (400 cms) untrained.
Problems - May rarely survive outside the mildest areas in the UK. Tolerant of low temperatures, but not surviving being frozen. Except in frost-free inner-city areas or coastal extremities requires glasshouse conditions. Plant can withstand temperatures down to 1°C (34°F). |
Acacia dealbata (Silver wattle, mimosa). Fern-like, silver-green foliage, masses of yellow flowers in Jan-Apr. One of the hardest forms. Requires glasshouse conditions in UK. |
Acer palmatum f. atropurpureum is Japanese Maple |
Tiny purple star-shaped flowers |
We ship our seeds worldwide via Canada Post. |
240 x 200 |
Deeply lobed dark purple-red leaves that turn fiery red in autumn. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Tr D Grow best in partly shaded situations and fertile, moist, well-drained neutral to acid rich soil. |
Use - As a freestanding, upright or fan-trained deciduous tree. It also looks good in a container. Acer palmatums benefit from shelter from fierce winds and cold in early spring as bad weather can burn the young leaves. It is slow growing with many different leaf forms and colours; all turn to brilliant reds in autumn. Foliage - Deeply indented, pointed leaves of a deep maroon-purple. |
Pruning - Add a top-dressing of a well-balanced fertiliser around the base of a recently planted tree in late spring and keep it well watered. No routine pruning is required, just remove any dead, damaged or crossing branches in late autumn or winter when they are fully dormant. |
Acer japonicum aureum. Soft yellow leaves. Acer dissectum palmatifidum. Very finely cut leaves. Acer palmatum var. dissectum variegatum - with photos of other Acer Palmatums you could also use as a Wall Shrub for The Prime Site. Slightly variegated, cream and pink. |
Acradenia frankliniae is Whitey Wood |
Flat-topped clusters of small, white 6 or 7 petals in each star-shaped flower, each posy is 5cm (2 inches) across. |
Apr-May |
120 x 60 |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E Fertile, moist, well-drained, neutral to acid soil. The habitat is the rainforest floor, often found near streams. |
Use - As an evergreen wall shrub fan-trained for milder areas, best with shelter and some shade. It has grown well in our woodland gardens for many years and is generally hardy if sheltered from strong winds. It can also be grown in a large container if required. Foliage - The opposite, paired leaves, 7cm (3 inches) long, are each made up of 3 narrow dark leaflets. They are dotted with pin-point oil glands and are aromatic when crushed. |
Problems - Hardy through most of the UK apart from inland valleys, at altitude and central/northerly locations. May suffer foliage damage and stem dieback in harsh winters in cold gardens. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -10°C (14°F). |
|
|
Adenocarpus decorticans is Silver Broom |
Bright yellow, pea-shaped flowers in dense arching clusters to 6 cm from end to end of their branches. |
96-120 x (240-300 x ) |
Tiny dark green leaves somewhat silvered with hair. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D Peaty soil suits it well. Needs good drainage. |
Use - As a fan-trained deciduous shrub. Native (endemic) to the Sierra Nevada mountains of Spain. Foliage - It has grey, flaking bark and tiny leaves somewhat silvered with hair. |
Problems - It should have the sunniest position available, and is suitable for a hot bank in gardens where it can thrive in the open. For colder localities a place on a south wall is necessary. |
|
|
Aloysia triphylla is Lemon Verbena, Lemon beebrush |
Tiny, white and pale lilac star-shaped flowers |
108 x 108 |
Leaves - occasionally cooked as a spinach but more commonly used as a flavouring in salads, fruit salads. Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil. Habitats - Fields and roadsides. Open scrub. |
Base of Wall Plants for The Base and Sh D |
Use - As a fan-trained deciduous shrub on a South or West wall. The growing plant repels midges, flies and other insects. The essential oil is an effective insecticide in 1 - 2% concentration. |
Pruning - Any pruning is best carried out in the spring. Problems - Lemon verbena is not absolutely hardy, and in most areas is best planted in a safe, warm spot by The Base of Wall Plants for The Base where it will thrive; should it be damaged by severe weather, it can be cut back to sprout afresh. |
|
|
Azara microphylla |
Numerous very small, vanilla-scented, yellow to yellow/green petal-less flowers carried in clusters at leaf joints between late winter and early spring. Flowering can be very variable in performance. Best in light to medium shade but will tolerate full sun if required as long as adequate moisture is available. Attractive to bees. |
Apr-May |
After 10 years - 96 x 60 (240 x 150) |
Small, obovate, entire or toothed, very dark green. Hardy through most of the UK apart from inland valleys, at altitude and central/northerly locations. May suffer foliage damage and stem dieback in harsh winters in cold gardens. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E Soil - Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions, only disliking extremely wet or dry types. |
Use - As a freestanding or fan-trained shrub for large walls and fences offering attractive evergreen foliage and formation in a sheltered position. Foliage - Very attractive small oval leaflets, 1 inch (2.5 cm) long, round-ended, tooth-edges, dark shiny green, carried uniformly along branches in interesting formation. Stem - Light green to dark green, becoming grey/green. Upright, slow to medium growth rate. Responds well to fan-training. Fruit - None of interest. |
Pruning - Not normally required but can have individual limbs removed in spring if necessary for training. Training - Tie to wires or individual anchor points in a fan shape or llow to grow freestanding. Height/spread Problems - Can reach the dimensions of a small tree given time and this should be allowed for in initial planting - it is worth remembering what the factors are that cause subsidence of buildings, especially tree roots in clay soils. Tolerates a minimum winter temperature of 14 degrees Fahreheit (-10 degrees Centigrade). Late spring frost may damage new growth. |
Azara microphylla 'Variegata'. Edges of leaves creamy yellow. An interesting plant less hardy than its parent, so use in a conservatory. |
Berberis x stenophylla is Barberry |
Small straw-yellow scented cup-shaped flowers and in autumn there are plentiful blue/black berries, which are attractive to birds. Full Sun, but is Part Shade tolerant |
Apr-May |
96 x 120-160 |
Small, narrow, dark green, young shoots purplish. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E Tolerant of most moist soils and positions including coastal, other than very wet and windy places. |
Use - As a spring flowering evergreen wall shrub, an informal hedge or as a specimen. Vigorous spreading habit. Serious thorns and a dense habit make it a useful roosting, hiding and nesting place for birds and a thorny boundary hedge. Berberis can also be used in the rock garden. |
Prune after flowering if required. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. CRC for Australian Weed Management is a publication on the introduced plants to Australia - Everyone who uses plants needs to be aware of the weed potential of those plants and to be able to make informed decisions about which ones to use in their operations. |
Berberis x stenophylla ‘Claret Cascade’ Rich orange flowers flushed scarlet, April and May, followed by small, blue-black berries. Small, narrow, dark green, young shoots purplish, evergreen. Height up to 2 metres. Spread about 2.5 metres. Berberis x stenophylla ‘Irwinii’ Deep yellow flowers in April and May. Small narrow, dark green, leaves, evergreen. Height a small arching shrub up to 1 metre. Spread about 1 metre. |
Buddleia alternifolia is Fountain buddleia, Alternate-leaved butterfly bush |
Small bunches of very fragrant, lilac-coloured, small, trumpet-shaped flowers bone along graceful , arching branches in early summer. Tolerates all but the most severe of aspects. Best in full sun, tolerates slight dappled shade. |
Jul-Aug |
After 10 years - 144 x 144 (370 x 370) |
Grey-green with yellow autumn colour. |
Fastest covering Climbers and Wall Shrubs Sh D Prefers good, rich, deep soil, although tolerates other soil types. |
Use - As a large late summer to early autumn flowering, graceful, arching deciduous wall shrub. It is is endemic to Kansu, China, where it grows along river banks in thickets. Wall use is particularly suitable for the variety Buddleia alternifolia 'Argentea'. It is also used in woodlands, hedges and on banks, as well as in butterfly gardens. Foliage - Leaves grey/green, lanceolate. 1.5-4 inches (4-10 cm) long, giving yellow autumn colour. Stem - Grey/green to mid green, vigorous, long, upright, becoming arching. Fast growing. Fruit - Brown to grey/brown seedheads in autumn and winter. |
Pruning - Thin out one third of growth after flowering on established shrubs. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. Height/spread Problems - When offered for sale it resembles an old, woody shrub. Once planted out, however, it grows quickly and often fills a larger space than anticipated. Tolerates a minimum winter temperature of 4 degrees Fahrenheit (-15 degrees Centigrade). |
Buddleia alternifolia 'Argentea'. Slightly more tender and lower growing, with attractive silver foliage and slightly paler blue flowers. Best protected by a sunny, sheltered wall. The Buddleja Garden is a website about Buddlejas with original content and aims to provide useful information for both gardeners and plantsmen. |
Buddleia (Tender Forms) |
Racemes 3-12 inches (7.5-30 cm) long in a range of colours through white, pink, blue and orange in mid summer to late autumn. Very sheltered aspect. Full sun for preference but tolerates light shade.
The Buddleja Garden is a website about Buddlejas with original content and aims to provide useful information for both gardeners and plantsmen. |
After 10 years - 144 x 144 (370 x 370) |
Light green or grey-green |
Climbers and Wall Shrubs needing or responding Sh D or E Tolerates a wide soil range, ony disliking extremely dry conditions. Requires a high degree of organic material and plant nutrient for best results. |
Use - As large fan-trained or freestanding shrubs for walls and fences. The world’s first patio buddleia!, and a true dwarf, perfectly proportioned and cultivated specifically with patio pots and small gardens in mind. Foliage - Lanceolate, 4-8 inches (10-20 cm) long, 1-3 inches (2.5-7.5 cm) wide, light green or grey/green, often downy depending on variety. Stem - Grey/green, often downy when young, becoming grey/brown. Upright. Fast rate of growth. Fruit - Most forms produce small brown seedheads which have some limited winter attraction. List of Butterfly species that are attracted to Butterfly Bush flowers. Companion Plants - The silvery foliage of buddleia mingles well with other sun-loving silver plants and these could include the pale-lemon anthemis ‘Susanna Mitchell’, the dark-purple lavender ‘Imperial Gem’ and nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’. The dark-flowered forms need a paler companion and the lemon-yellow daisies of Helianthus ‘Lemon Queen’, or the tall delicate daisy, Bidens aurea ‘Hannay’s Lemon Drop’ are tall enough to nudge up underneath and create that contrast. The pink forms are excellent with darker flowers including the red scabious, Knautia macedonica, and dark scabious, like Scabiosa atropurpurea ‘Ace of Spades’. But all have an orange eye which can be picked out by planting August-flowering orange crocosmias ('Firebird', 'Star of the East' and 'Severn Sunrise') or the soft-orange dahlia 'David Howard'. |
Pruning - Prune back all previous season's growth, other than that required for training the main framework, to within 2 inches (5 cm) of its origin in early to mid spring. Training - Tie to wires or individual anchor points in a fan shape or allow to grow freestanding. Height/spread Problems - Often exceeds the allotted area. May suffer some winter die-back but normally regenerates. Tolerates a minimum winter temperature of 14 degrees Fahrenheit (-10 degrees Centigrade) but only with the protection of a large wall or fence. |
Buddleia auriculata. Lax growth carries fragrant creamy white flowers with yellow throats in panicles up to 2 inches (5 cm) across and 8 inches (20 cm) long. Lanceolate foliage 4 inches (10 cm) long, 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide, white felted underside, grey/green upper side in late summer to late autumn. Buddleia caryopteridifolia. Leaves oval to lanceolate, tooth-edged, up to 6 inches (15 cm) long, 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. Attractive grey/green. Stems covered with white woolly down. Fragrant lavender-blue flowers in panicles up to 3 inches (7.5 cm) long in late spring/early summer. Buddleia colvillei. Long racemes of deep rose, tubular flowers, borne at the ends of the branches. Foliage ovate, grey/green with some yellow autumn colour. Buddleia colvillei 'Kewensis'. An attractive form with dark red flowers. Buddleia crispa. Fragrant, tubular lilac flowers, grey/green foliage. Buddleia fallowiana 'Alba'. Panicles of pure white flowers up to 15 inches (38 cm) long in early to mid summer. Attractive grey/green foliage, 10 inches (25 cm) long and up to 4 inches (10 cm) wide. Buddleia madagascariensis. Bold orange flowers, very prolific. Tender even in mild areas against walls, so best in greenhouses or conservatories. Buddleia salvifolia. Semi-evergreen lanceolate foliage up to 4 inches (10 cm) long and 2 inches (5 cm) wide, grey-green. Panicles of white to pale lilac flowers with orange markings in each tubular floret in mid to late summer. |
|
Abutilon mega-potamicum (Large-leaved and Flowering Forms) |
Hanging, large, bell-shaped flowers up to 1.5 inches (4 cms) long and 1.5 inches (4 cms) wide. Wide range of colours including red, pink, yellow and apricot. |
|
|
|
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D Moderately alkaline to acid, with adequate moisture and food content for rapid growth. |
Use - As a fan-trained wall shrub for walls and fences, or for growing in conservatories, both as a fan-shaped wall shrub or as a pillar. Foliage - Leaves oval, up to 5 inches (12 cms) long with toothed edges. Mid to olive-green in colour. Some yellow tints. Some variegated forms. Stem - Upright, becoming spreading. Vigorous, up to 60 inches (150 cms) of growth per year. Fruit - Insignificant. |
Pruning - Remove one third of old flowering wood on established shrubs to ground level in early to mid spring. Can be severely cut back to a stool in early spring if required and will quickly rejuvenate. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage a fan-trained shape. Height/spread Problems - Always susceptible to damage by severe cold. |
Abutilon x milleri. Orange petals and crimson stamens in Apr-Sep. Very large dark green leaves. Abutilon x milleri 'Variegatum'. Orange petals, crimson stamens in Jul-Sep. Foliage splashed gold. Very tender. Abutilon 'Ashford Red'. Foliage apple green. Flowers deep red/pink in Jul-Oct. Tender. Abutilon 'Canary Bird'. Pure yellow flowers in Jul-Oct. Can flower all winter in a conservatory. Abutilon 'Cerise Queen'. Cerise flowers in Apr-Oct. Less hardy. Abutilon 'Hinton Seedling'. Vermilion flowers in Jul-Oct. Abutilon 'Louise Marignac'. Good pink flowers in Apr-Oct. Less hardy. Abutilon 'Nabob'. Crimson-red flowers in Jul-Oct. Less hardy. Abutilon 'Souvenir de Bonn'. Soft Apricot flowers in Year-round if temperatures are warm enough. |
Albizia julibrissin is Pink Mimosa, Pink siris, Silk Tree 摄于北京植物园 Beijing Botanical Garden. By Shizhao, via Wikimedia Commons. |
Terminal clusters of petal-less flowerheads on long stalks, producing a mop-like cluster of pink stamens up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) across. Dense all-over flowering makes a spectacular effect. Requires a very sheltered aspect. Full sun to very light shade. |
The seeds are used as a food for livestock and by wildlife, and the sweet-scented flowers are a good nectar source for honeybees and butterflies. |
After 10 years - 192 x 192 (490 x 490) |
Its grey/green leaves slowly close during the night and during periods of rain, the leaflets bowing downward. |
Climbers and Wall Shrubs needing or responding Tr D Any soil types except dry. In the wild, the tree tends to grow in dry plains, sandy valleys, and uplands. |
Use - As a small fan-trained tree for large walls or for fan-training on conservatory walls. The broad crown of a mature tree makes it useful for providing dappled shade. Folage - Bipinnate leaves, 9-18 inches 923-45 cm) long. Each of the 6-12 branches of the pinnate leaf carries 20-30 pairs of small, oblong, grey/green leaflets. Stem - Grey-green, upright when young, quickly spreading. Medium rate of growth, slower in container. Fruit - Insignificant |
Pruning - Prune young trees hard in the spring following planting. Tie resulting 5 to 7 shoots into a a fan-trained shape. In subsequent year, remove all side growths back to 2 points from their origin and maintain original main branches in fan shape. Training - Will require fixing to wires or individual anchor points. Height/spread Problems - Often chosen because seen growing well in warm climates, but not adaptable to harsher conditions. |
Albizia julibrissin 'Rosea'. Smaller variety with bright pink flowers, reaching two-thirds average height and spread. It is often used for non-traditional bonsai. |
Bupleurum fruticosum is Shrubby hare's ear |
Bell-shaped clusters of green/cream to yellow/green flowers from mid summer to early autumn. All but the most exposed walls. Best in full sun. Tolerates light shade but becomes looser in habit in deep shade. |
After 10 years - 72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
Dark, glossy, grey/green with silver undersides. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E Any well-drained soil conditions.
|
Use - As a medium sized, evergreen wall shrub for shady walls with distinctively coloured flowers. Whether positioned as a specimen, massed as a screen or windbreak or utilized as a backdrop for a mixed planting, its quiet, yet handsome persona is sure to please. Foliage - Elliptic, 0.5-2 inch (1-5 cm) long, dark, glossy, grey/green with silver undersides. Stem - Light green to dark olive-green, forming a rounded shrub, somewhat loose in habit. Medium to slow growth rate. Fruit - Brown seedheads, interesting in winter. |
Pruning - None required. May be trimmed or cut back to maintain shape. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage the fan-trained shape. Height/spread Problems - Not easy to find. Established shrubs withstand winter temperatures down to 4 degrees Fahrenheit (-15 degrees Centigrade), but young plants are less hardy. Good in exposed coastal sites. Can be clipped to becoming a hedge. |
Choose a sunny, open position for this medium-sized shrub so it can glow and shimmer. Use it as a backdrop for brightly hued late-summer performers. Avoid pale pinks, they will make the lime-yellow flowers look insipid. B. fruticosum also makes a good shrub on a south-facing wall. |
|
Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa' is Edging Box, Boxwood |
Dwarf Box plants do flower but, as there are no petals, you will probably only notice the bees that it attracts. Rabbits and deer do not eat box. Tolerates full sun but it affects foliage appearance, so Part Shade is best |
36 x 60 |
Green leaves 1-2 cm in length, ovate, fairly glossy. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E It will tolerate any well drained soil and can grow near the sea. |
Use - Excellent as a hedge/ edging shrub, and especially for box parterres and knot gardens. Typically only grows to a maximum of one or two feet in height but there will be some exceptions. - compact and very slow-growing (1-2 inches (3-5 cms) a year). Dwarf box is most commonly used for precisely clipped, knee-high decorative borders; it is sometime called Edging Box. It also looks good in a pot, trimmed into a neat geometric shape and as groundcover. Dwarf box hedging plants are usually planted at 5 to 8 plants to the metre (20 to 12cm spacing). 6 plants per metre is probably the commonest spacing. The dwarf box hedge will look the same in the end, whatever the spacing in this range. The closer spacings may be chosen if relatively small hedging plants are required to form a complete hedge relatively quickly. Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa' can be planted at any time when the ground is workable. Container grown plants are generally used where the plants may be kept for some time before planting, and in summer. |
Pruning - Prune your dwarf box hedge in August or September with topiary shears. Avoid cultivating around these plants because they have shallow roots. Problems - Hardy in most places throughout the UK even in severe winters. May not withstand open/exposed sites or central/northern locations. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -15°C (5°F). |
Companion Plants. |
|
Caesalpinia gilliesii is Crimson Threadflower, Yellow Bird of Paradise, Bird of paradise bush |
Produces large erect racemes of up to 40 individual yellow flowers with scarlet stamens, which flowers are 3.5cm (1½in) across in erect racemes 15-30 (6-12in) long. Full Sun |
Juniper Level Botanic Garden (JLBG), established in 1988, actively promotes and preserves botanic diversity by bridging the gap between botany and horticulture through plant study, identification, educational outreach, and plant exploration, both in the US and abroad. |
72-120 x 36-96 |
Mid- to dark-green 2 pinnate leaves to 20cm (8in) long with many oblong leaflets. |
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh E Fertile moist well-drained soil or loam-based compost (JI No. 3) under glass with added leaf mould in conservatory. |
Use - Erect to spreading shrub or small tree, which can be grown outside in summer. Plant can withstand temperatures down to 5°C (41°F), so is best inside a container within a conservatory in the UK. Good cut flowers. Flowers on the new growth, it can be trimmed or coppiced every Autumn or can be trained to form a small tree. Best to grow in large pots on the patio (or planted in the garden for the Summer) but in Britain, it should be overwintered frost free in an unheated room or in conservatory. |
Pruning - Plants under glass may need a restrictive prune after the first flush of flowers. Problems - Needs frost protection except in the mildest locations. |
|
"Many other climbers and wall shrubs may perform well with this type of cultivation but those listed above are the most reliable." from The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
||||||||
Abutilon mega-potamicum (Large-leaved and Flowering Forms) |
Hanging, large, bell-shaped flowers up to 1.5 inches (4 cms) long and 1.5 inches (4 cms) wide. Wide range of colours including red, pink, yellow and apricot. |
|
|
|
Wall Shrubs for The Prime Site Sh D Moderately alkaline to acid, with adequate moisture and food content for rapid growth. |
Use - As a fan-trained wall shrub for walls and fences, or for growing in conservatories, both as a fan-shaped wall shrub or as a pillar. Foliage - Leaves oval, up to 5 inches (12 cms) long with toothed edges. Mid to olive-green in colour. Some yellow tints. Some variegated forms. Stem - Upright, becoming spreading. Vigorous, up to 60 inches (150 cms) of growth per year. Fruit - Insignificant. |
Pruning - Remove one third of old flowering wood on established shrubs to ground level in early to mid spring. Can be severely cut back to a stool in early spring if required and will quickly rejuvenate. Training - Requires wires or individual anchor points to secure and encourage a fan-trained shape. Height/spread Problems - Always susceptible to damage by severe cold. |
Abutilon x milleri. Orange petals and crimson stamens in Apr-Sep. Very large dark green leaves. Abutilon x milleri 'Variegatum'. Orange petals, crimson stamens in Jul-Sep. Foliage splashed gold. Very tender. Abutilon 'Ashford Red'. Foliage apple green. Flowers deep red/pink in Jul-Oct. Tender. Abutilon 'Canary Bird'. Pure yellow flowers in Jul-Oct. Can flower all winter in a conservatory. Abutilon 'Cerise Queen'. Cerise flowers in Apr-Oct. Less hardy. Abutilon 'Hinton Seedling'. Vermilion flowers in Jul-Oct. Abutilon 'Louise Marignac'. Good pink flowers in Apr-Oct. Less hardy. Abutilon 'Nabob'. Crimson-red flowers in Jul-Oct. Less hardy. Abutilon 'Souvenir de Bonn'. Soft Apricot flowers in Year-round if temperatures are warm enough. |
Albizia julibrissin is Pink Mimosa, Pink siris, Silk Tree 摄于北京植物园 Beijing Botanical Garden. By Shizhao, via Wikimedia Commons. |
Terminal clusters of petal-less flowerheads on long stalks, producing a mop-like cluster of pink stamens up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) across. Dense all-over flowering makes a spectacular effect. Requires a very sheltered aspect. Full sun to very light shade. |
The seeds are used as a food for livestock and by wildlife, and the sweet-scented flowers are a good nectar source for honeybees and butterflies. |
After 10 years - 192 x 192 (490 x 490) |
Its grey/green leaves slowly close during the night and during periods of rain, the leaflets bowing downward. |
Climbers and Wall Shrubs needing or responding Tr D Any soil types except dry. In the wild, the tree tends to grow in dry plains, sandy valleys, and uplands. |
Use - As a small fan-trained tree for large walls or for fan-training on conservatory walls. The broad crown of a mature tree makes it useful for providing dappled shade. Folage - Bipinnate leaves, 9-18 inches 923-45 cm) long. Each of the 6-12 branches of the pinnate leaf carries 20-30 pairs of small, oblong, grey/green leaflets. Stem - Grey-green, upright when young, quickly spreading. Medium rate of growth, slower in container. Fruit - Insignificant |
Pruning - Prune young trees hard in the spring following planting. Tie resulting 5 to 7 shoots into a a fan-trained shape. In subsequent year, remove all side growths back to 2 points from their origin and maintain original main branches in fan shape. Training - Will require fixing to wires or individual anchor points. Height/spread Problems - Often chosen because seen growing well in warm climates, but not adaptable to harsher conditions. |
Albizia julibrissin 'Rosea'. Smaller variety with bright pink flowers, reaching two-thirds average height and spread. It is often used for non-traditional bonsai. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
They only had one job to do. |
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STAGE 2 |
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant Type |
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers) |
Alpines and Walls |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aquatic |
Water-side Plants |
Wildlife Pond Plants |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual for ----------------
|
Cut Flowers |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916 |
Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers |
Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals |
Medium-Growing Annuals |
Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Black or Brown Flowers |
Blue to Purple Flowers |
Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vining Annuals |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bedding for |
Bedding for Light Sandy Soil |
Bedding for Acid Soil |
Bedding for Chalky Soil |
Bedding for Clay Soil |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bedding Plant Use |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Use in Hanging Baskets |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flower Simple Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Use in Pots and Troughs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flower Elabo-rated Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
|
Use in |
Use in |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
|
Use in Bedding Out |
Use in |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biennial for |
Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory |
Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916 |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulb for |
Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember |
Bulbs in Window-boxes |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulbs in Green-house or Stove |
Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums |
Clivias, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hardy Bulbs
|
Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline, |
Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis |
Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis |
Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots |
Half-Hardy Bulbs |
Gladioli, Ixias, |
Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with
---------- |
1a. |
1b. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2b. |
3a. |
3c. |
Raised |
Plants for Wildlife-Use as well |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climber - Simple Flower Shape |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climber - Elaborated Flower Shape |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:- |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Topic |
|
|
|
STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
|
Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
|
Indoor / House Cultivation |
|
Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
|
Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
|
Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
|
|
|
Sun Aspect |
|
|
|
Soil Type |
|
|
|
Soil Moisture |
|
|
|
Position for Plant |
|
Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
|
Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
|
Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
|
1, 2, |
|
|
|
Use of Plant |
|
|
|
STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
|
|
|
Flower Shape |
|
Number of Flower Petals |
|
|
|
Flower Shape - Simple |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flower Shape - Elaborated |
|
|
|
Natural Arrangements |
|
|
|
STAGE 4D |
|
|
|
|
|
Form |
|
|
|
|
|
STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
|
|
|
STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
|
Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
|
|
|
STAGE 2
|
|
|
|
STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
|
.jpg?uselang=en-gb){kind=link}
.jpg?uselang=en-gb){kind=link}
Copied from |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soil contains living material that requires the right structure and organic material to provide food for plants. If the structure of the soil tends towards a loam of about 20-50% sand, silt and 20 - 40% clay with a pH between 6 and 7.5, then this suitable for a high proportion of plants. Otherwise an application of a mulch of sand and horticultural grit for clay, or clay and horticultural grit for sand, is required to improve plant growth. If an annual mulch of organic material (Spent Mushroom Compost, Cow Manure, Horse Manure does contain weed seeds and should only be used under hedges or ground-covering trees/shrubs) is applied of 100mm (4”) thickness to the soil, then the living material in the soil can continue their role of feeding the plants. This mulch will stop the ground drying out due to wind or sun having direct access to the ground surface. The annual loss of organic matter from soils in cool humid climates is about 6lbs per square metre. If there is also a drip-feed irrigation system under the mulch (which is used for 4 continuous hours a week - when there is no rain that week from April to September), then the living material can get their food delivered in solution or suspension. If the prunings from your garden are shredded (or reduced to 4” lengths) and then applied as a mulch to your flower beds or hedges, followed by 0.5” depth of grass mowings on top; this will also provide a start for improvement of your soil. The 0.5" layer can be applied again after a fortnight; when the aerobic composting stage (the aerobic composting creates heat and 0.5" - 1 cm - thickness does not become too hot to harm the plants next to it) has been completed during the summer. Anaerobic (without using air) composting then completes the process. Application of Seaweed Meal for Trace Elements and other chemicals required to replenish what has been used by the plants in the previous year for application in Spring are detailed in the How are Chemicals stored and released from Soil? page.
You normally eat and drink at least 3 times every day to keep you growing, healthy and active; plants also require to eat and drink every day. Above 5 degrees Celcius plants tend to grow above ground and below 5 degrees Celcius they tend to grow their roots underground. 2 minor points to remember with their result-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soils and their Treatment
Soil Improvement |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Copied from |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
and • Watering Schedule - Far and away the best course of action against slugs in your garden is a simple adjustment in the watering schedule. Slugs are most active at night and are most efficient in damp conditions. Avoid watering your garden in the evening if you have a slug problem. Water in the morning - the surface soil will be dry by evening. Studies show this can reduce slug damage by 80%.
• Seaweed - If you have access to seaweed, it's well worth the effort to gather. Seaweed is not only a good soil amendment for the garden, it's a natural repellent for slugs. Mulch with seaweed around the base of plants or perimeter of bed. Pile it on 3" to 4" thick - when it dries it will shrink to just an inch or so deep. Seaweed is salty and slugs avoid salt. Push the seaweed away from plant stems so it's not in direct contact. During hot weather, seaweed will dry and become very rough which also deters the slugs.
• Copper - Small strips of copper can be placed around flower pots or raised beds as obstructions for slugs to crawl over. Cut 2" strips of thin copper and wrap around the lower part of flower pots, like a ribbon. Or set the strips in the soil on edge, making a "fence" for the slugs to climb. Check to make sure no vegetation hangs over the copper which might provide a 'bridge' for the slugs. Copper barriers also work well around wood barrels used as planters.
• Diatomaceous Earth - Diatomaceous earth (Also known as "Insect Dust") is the sharp, jagged skeletal remains of microscopic creatures. It lacerates soft-bodied pests, causing them to dehydrate. A powdery granular material, it can be sprinkled around garden beds or individual plants, and can be mixed with water to make a foliar spray.
• Electronic "slug fence" - An electronic slug fence is a non-toxic, safe method for keeping slugs out of garden or flower beds. The Slugs Away fence is a 24-foot long, 5" ribbon-like barrier that runs off a 9 volt battery. When a slug or snail comes in contact with the fence, it receives a mild static sensation that is undetectable to animals and humans. This does not kill the slug, it cause it to look elsewhere for forage. The battery will power the fence for about 8 months before needing to be replaced. Extension kits are availabe for increased coverage. The electronic fence will repel slugs and snails, but is harmless to people and pets.
• Lava Rock - Like diatomaceous earth, the abrasive surface of lava rock will be avoided by slugs. Lava rock can be used as a barrier around plantings, but should be left mostly above soil level, otherwise dirt or vegetation soon forms a bridge for slugs to cross.
• Salt - If all else fails, go out at night with the salt shaker and a flashlight. Look at the plants which have been getting the most damage and inspect the leaves, including the undersides. Sprinkle a bit of salt on the slug and it will kill it quickly. Not particularly pleasant, but use as a last resort. (Note: some sources caution the use of salt, as it adds a toxic element to the soil. This has not been our experience, especially as very little salt is used.)
• Beer - Slugs are attracted to beer. Set a small amount of beer in a shallow wide jar buried in the soil up to its neck. Slugs will crawl in and drown. Take the jar lid and prop it up with a small stick so rain won't dilute the beer. Leave space for slugs to enter the trap.
• Overturned Flowerpots, Grapefruit Halves, Board on Ground - Overturned flowerpots, with a stone placed under the rim to tilt it up a bit, will attract slugs. Leave overnight, and you'll find the slugs inside in the morning. Grapefruit halves work the same way, with the added advantage of the scent of the fruit as bait.
• Garlic-based slug repellents
Laboratory tests at the University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (UK) revealed that a highly refined garlic product (ECOguard produced by ECOspray Ltd, a British company that makes organic pesticides) was an effective slug killer. Look for garlic-based slug deterrents which will be emerging under various brand names, as well as ECOguard.
• Coffee grounds; new caffeine-based slug/snail poisons - Coffee grounds scattered on top of the soil will deter slugs. The horticultural side effects of using strong grounds such as espresso on the garden, however, are less certain. When using coffee grounds, moderation is advised. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UKButterflies Larval Foodplants website page lists the larval foodplants used by British butterflies. The name of each foodplant links to a Google search. An indication of whether the foodplant is a primary or secondary food source is also given. Please note that the Butterfly you see for only a short time has grown up on plants as an egg, caterpillar and chrysalis for up to 11 months, before becoming a butterfly. If the plants that they live on during that time are removed, or sprayed with herbicide, then you will not see the butterfly. |
||||
Plants used by the Butterflies follow the Plants used by the Egg, Caterpillar and Chrysalis as stated in |
||||
Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
||
Cabbages - Large White eats all cruciferous plants, such as cabbages, mustard, turnips, radishes, cresses, nasturtiums, wild mignonette and dyer's weed |
Egg,
|
40-100 eggs on both surfaces of leaf. |
May-June and August-Early September. 4.5-17 days. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
||
Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
July or August; hatches in 3 days. |
|
Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
|
Cherry with |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
|
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
||
|
(Common CowWheat, Field CowWheat) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Currants |
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
|
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on oak or pine tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
|
Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 15 days in May-June. |
|
Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
False Brome is a grass (Wood Brome, Wood False-brome and Slender False-brome) |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
... |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
1 then |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
||
Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Nasturtium from Gardens |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
||
Mountain pansy, |
Egg, Chrysalis |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. 3 weeks in September |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk. |
15 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
||
Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
|
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf or on stalk. |
July-August for 17 days. |
|
Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on stem or stalk near plant base. |
July to hatch in 8 months in March. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
||
Willow |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Plants used by the Butterflies |
||||
Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Asters |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
|
|
Runner and Broad Beans in fields and gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
|
Aubretia in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
||
Holly Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
||
Buddleias |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Wood White |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
|
Cabbage and cabbages in fields |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October |
||
Adonis Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
|
Pale Clouded Yellow |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Cow-wheat |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
||
Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamaedrys - Birdseye Speedwell) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
30 days in May-June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-September |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
May-June for 18 days. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
||
Painted Lady |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
|
Marigolds in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September. |
||
Michaelmas Daisies |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
||
Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Nasturtiums in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-May |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
7 weeks in July-August. |
||
Comma |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
||
Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days in August. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June.
|
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
||
Apple/Pear/Cherry/Plum Fruit Tree Blossom in Spring |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
April-May |
|
Rotten Fruit |
Butterfly |
Drinks juice |
July-September |
|
Tree sap and damaged ripe fruit, which are high in sugar |
Butterfly |
Hibernates inside hollow trees or outhouses until March. Eats sap or fruit juice until April. |
10 months in June-April |
|
Wild Flowers |
Large Skipper |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
June-August |
Links to the other Butterflies:- Black Hairstreak |
Topic - Wildlife on Plant Photo Gallery. Some UK native butterflies eat material from UK Native Wildflowers and live on them as eggs, caterpillars (Large Skipper eats False Brome grass - Brachypodium sylvaticum - for 11 months from July to May as a Caterpillar before becoming a Chrysalis within 3 weeks in May) chrysalis or butterflies ALL YEAR ROUND. |
Wild Flower Family Page (the families within "The Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers" by David McClintock & R.S.R. Fitter, Published in 1956 They are not in Common Name alphabetical order and neither are the common names of the plants detailed within each family. The information in the above book is back-referenced to the respective page in "Flora of the British Isles" by A.R. Clapham of University of Sheffield, |
||
When you look at the life history graphs of each of the 68 butterflies of Britain, you will see that they use plants throughout all 12 months - the information of what plant is used by the egg, caterpillar, chrysalis or butterfly is also given in the above first column.
THE LIFE AND DEATH OF A FLAILED CORNISH HEDGE - This details that life and death from July 1972 to 2019, with the following result:- End note, June 2008. I hear spring vetch has been officially recorded somewhere in West Cornwall and confirmed as a presence in the county, so perhaps I can be permitted to have seen it pre-1972 in the survey mile. I wonder where they found it? It's gone from hedges where it used to be, along with other scarcities and so-called scarcities that used to flourish in so many hedges unrecorded, before the flail arrived. I have given careful thought to including mention of some of the plants and butterflies. So little seems to be known of the species resident in Cornish hedges pre-flail that I realise some references may invite scepticism. I am a sceptic myself, so sympathise with the reaction; but I have concluded that, with a view to re-establishing vulnerable species, it needs to be known that they can with the right management safely and perpetually thrive in ordinary Cornish hedges. In future this knowledge could solve the increasingly difficult question of sufficient and suitable sites for sustainable wild flower and butterfly conservation - as long as it is a future in which the hedge-flail does not figure.
CHECK-LIST OF TYPES OF CORNISH HEDGE FLORA by Sarah Carter of Cornish Hedges Library:-
Titles of papers available on www.cornishhedges.co.uk:-
THE GUILD OF CORNISH HEDGERS is the non-profit-making organisation founded in 2002 to support the concern among traditional hedgers about poor standards of workmanship in Cornish hedging today. The Guild has raised public awareness of Cornwall's unique heritage of hedges and promoted free access to the Cornish Hedges Library, the only existing source of full and reliable written knowledge on Cornish hedges." |
||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recommended Plants for Wildlife in different situations
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
From the Ivydene Gardens Box to Crowberry Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Bumblebee Pages website is divided into five major areas:
FORCED INDOOR BULBS in Window Box Gardens. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Theme |
Plants |
Comments |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thyme |
Thymus praecox, wild thyme Thymus pulegioides Thymus leucotrichus Thymus citriodorus |
Thymes make a very fragrant, easy to care for windowbox, and an excellent choice for windy sites. The flower colour will be pinky/purple, and you can eat the leaves if your air is not too polluted. Try to get one variegated thyme to add a little colour when there are no flowers. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Herb |
Sage, mint, chives, thyme, rosemary |
Get the plants from the herb section of the supermarket, so you can eat the leaves. Do not include basil as it need greater fertility than the others. Pot the rosemary up separately if it grows too large. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mints |
Mentha longifolia, horse mint Mentha spicata, spear mint Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal Mentha piperita, peppermint Mentha suaveolens, apple mint |
Mints are fairly fast growers, so you could start this box with seed. They are thugs, though, and will very soon be fighting for space. So you will either have to thin and cut back or else you will end up with one species - the strongest. The very best mint tea I ever had was in Marrakesh. A glass full of fresh mint was placed in front of me, and boiling water was poured into it. Then I was given a cube of sugar to hold between my teeth while I sipped the tea. Plant this box and you can have mint tea for months. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heather |
Too many to list See Heather Shrub gallery |
For year-round colour try to plant varieties that flower at different times of year. Heather requires acid soils, so fertilise with an ericaceous fertilser, and plant in ericaceous compost. Cut back after flowering and remove the cuttings. It is best to buy plants as heather is slow growing. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Blue |
Ajuga reptans, bugle Endymion non-scriptus, bluebell Myosotis spp., forget-me-not Pentaglottis sempervirens, alkanet |
This will give you flowers from March till July. The bluebells should be bought as bulbs, as seed will take a few years to flower. The others can be started from seed. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yellow |
Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch Geum urbanum, wood avens Lathryus pratensis, meadow vetchling Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lotus corniculatus, birdsfoot trefoil Primula vulgaris, primrose Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup Ranunculus ficaria, lesser celandine |
These will give you flowers from May to October, and if you include the primrose, from February. Try to include a vetch as they can climb or trail so occupy the space that other plants can't. All can be grown from seed. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
White |
Trifolium repens, white clover Bellis perennis, daisy Digitalis purpurea alba, white foxglove Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette |
All can be grown from seed. The clover and daisy will have to be cut back as they will take over. The clover roots add nitrogen to the soil. The mignonette flower doesn't look very special, but the fragrance is wonderful, and the alyssum smells of honey. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pink |
Lychnis flos-cucli, ragged robin Scabiosa columbaria, small scabious Symphytum officinale, comfrey |
The comfrey will try to take over. Its leaves make an excellent fertiliser, and are very good on the compost heap, though windowbox gardeners rarely have one. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fragrant |
Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette Lathyrus odoratus, sweet pea |
The sweet pea will need twine or something to climb up, so is suitable if you have sliding windows or window that open inwards. You will be rewarded by a fragrant curtain every time you open your window. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spring bulbs and late wildflowers |
Galanthus nivalis, snowdrop Narcissus pseudonarcissus, narcissius Crocus purpureus, crocus Cyclamen spp. |
The idea of this box is to maximize your space. The bulbs (cyclamen has a corm) will flower and do their stuff early in the year. After flowering cut the heads off as you don't want them making seed, but leave the leaves as they fatten up the bulbs to store energy for next year. The foliage of the wildflowers will hide the bulb leaves to some extent. Then the wildflowers take over and flower till autumn |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aster spp., Michaelmas daisy Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Succisa pratensis, devil's bit scabious Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bee Garden in Europe or North America |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plants for moths (including larval food plants and adult nectar sources) from Gardens for Wildlife - Practical advice on how to attract wildlife to your garden by Martin Walters as an Aura Garden Guide. Published in 2007 - ISBN 978 1905765041:- |
Marjoram - Origanum officinale |
"On average, 2 gardeners a year die in the UK as a result of poisonous plants. Those discussed in this blog illustrate a range of concerns that should be foremost in the designer’s mind." from Pages on poisonous plants in this website:- |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wildlife-friendly Show Gardens
Many of our gardens at Natural Surroundings demonstrate what you can do at home to encourage wildlife in your garden:-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ivydene Gardens Water Fern to Yew Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
Only Wildflowers detailed in the following Wildflower Colour Pages |
|
|||||||||||||||
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
||||||
1 |
Blue |
||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
Cream |
||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
White A-D |
||||||||||||||||
1 Yellow |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
Flowering plants of |
||||||||||||||||
1 |
Flowering plants of |
||||||||||||||||
The following table shows the linkages for the information about the plants
|
|||||||||||||
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
Private Garden Design:- |
|||||||||||||
|
|
<---- |
Yes |
|
No |
Cannot be bothered. |
|||||||
|
|
At Home with Gard-ening Area |
|
|
Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
|
Grow flowers for flower arranging and vegetables on Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
Pan Plant Back-grou-nd Colour |
STAGE 3b |
||||
| |
|
| |
Outside Garden |
Pan, Trough and Window-Box Odds and Sods |
|||||||||
|
| |
Kinds of Pan Plants that may be split up and tucked in Corners and Crevices |
| |
||||||||||
| |
|||||||||||||
| |
|||||||||||||
| |
|||||||||||||
Trough and Window-box plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Pan Plant |
| |
|||||||||||
You need to know the following:- |
|||||||||||||
A) Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers List leads onto the |
|
Human Prob-lems |
|
Blind, |
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
Garden Style, which takes into account the Human Problems above |
|
||||||||
|
Classic Mixed Style |
|
Cottage Garden Style |
|
. |
|
Naturalistic Style |
Formal English Garden |
|||||
|
Mediterranean Style |
|
Meadow and Corn-field |
|
. |
|
Paving and Gravel inland, |
||||||
|
|
|
|
Problem Sites within your chosen Garden Style from the above |
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Exce-ssively Hot, Sunny and Dry Site is suitable for Drought Resistant Plants |
Excessively Wet Soil - especially when caused by poor drainage |
|||||
Control of Pests (Aphids, Rabbits, Deer, Mice, Mole, Snails) / Disease by Companion Planting in Garden |
Whether your Heavy Clay or Light Sandy / Chalk Soil is excessively Alkaline (limy) / Acidic or not, then there is an Action Plan for you to do with your soil, which will improve its texture to make its structure into a productive soil instead of it returning to being just sand, chalk, silt or clay. |
|
. |
|
Problems caused by builders:- 1. Lack of soil on top of builders rubble in garden of just built house. |
||||||||
In planning your beds for your garden, before the vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman planting is inserted into your soft landscaping plan, the following is useful to consider:- |
|||||||||||||
Reasons for stopping infilling of Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page. From September 2017 will be creating the following new pages on Sense of Fragrance using Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders. |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
After you have selected your vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman plants for each bed or border, you will need to infill with plants taking the following into account:- |
|
|
|
||||||||||
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Leaf Perfume Group:- |
Scent of Wood, Bark and Roots Group:-
Scent of Fungi Group:- |
|||||||||
Sense of Sight |
Emotion of |
Emotion of |
|
. |
Emotion of |
Emotion of Intellectual versus Emotional |
Sense of Touch |
Sense of Taste |
Sense of Sound |
||||
|
|
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 for |
|
|
|||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
STAGE 3a ALL , 3 AND 4 PLANTS INDEX GALLERIES with pages of content (o) |
|||||||||||||
Plant Type |
ABC |
DEF |
GHI |
JKL |
MNO |
PQR |
STU |
VWX |
YZ |
||||
Alpine in Evergreen Perennial, |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
||||||||
Annual/ Biennial |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
|||||||||||
Bedding, 25 |
|||||||||||||
Bulb, 746 with Use, Flower Colour/Shape of |
|||||||||||||
Climber 71 Clematis, 58 other Climbers with Use, Flower Colour and Shape |
|||||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Deciduous Shrub 43 with Use and Flower Colour |
|||||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Evergreen Perennial 104 with Use, Flower Colour, Flower Shape and Number of Petals |
|||||||||||||
Evergreen Shrub 46, Semi-Evergreen Shrub and Heather 74 with Use and Flower Colour |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
|||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Fern with 706 ferns |
|||||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Herbaceous Perennial 91, |
1 (o) |
||||||||||||
Rose with 720 roses within Flower Colour, Flower Shape, Rose Petal Count and Rose Use |
|||||||||||||
Sub-Shrub |
|||||||||||||
Wildflower 1918 with |
|||||||||||||
Finally, you might be advised to check that the adjacent plants to the one you have chosen for that position in a flower bed are suitable; by checking the entry in Companion Planting - like clicking A page for checking Abies - and Pest Control page if you have a pest to control in this part of the flower bed. |
|||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 Reference books for these galleries in Table on left |
|||||||||||||
STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
Since 2006, I have requested photos etc from the Mail-Order Nurseries in the UK and later from the rest of the World. Few nurseries have responded.
with the aid of further information from other books, magazines and cross-checking on the internet. |
|||||||||||||