FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES Fern Culture with British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns |
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
Where to see UNITED STATES WALES |
USE OF FERN
Where to see AUSTRALIA CANADA ENGLAND FRANCE GERMANY IRELAND NETHERLANDS
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SPORE COLOUR BED PICTURES Where to see NEW ZEALAND SCOTLAND UNITED STATES |
A Natural History of Britain's Ferns by Christopher N. Page. Published by William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd in 1988. ISBN 0 00 219382 5 (limpback edition) provides details of Coastal, Man-made Landscapes, Woodland, Wetland, Grassland and Rock Outcrops, Heath and Moorland, Lower Mountain Habitats, Upper Mountain Habitats and Atlantic Fringe Ferns. Tree Ferns by Mark F. Large & John E. Braggins. Published by Timber Press in 2004. ISBN 978-1-60469-176-4 is a scientifically accurate book dealing with Tree Fern species cultivated in the United States and the Pacific, but little known and rare tree ferns are also included. The Observer's Book of Ferns, revised by Francis Rose, previous editions compiled by W.J.Stokoe. Published by Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd in 1965 provides a comprehensive guide to 45 British species of Ferns. It provides details of habitat and how to use those ferns. The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richard Steffen & Sue Olsen. Published in 2015 by Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60469- Success with Indoor Ferns, edited by Lesley Young. Reprinted 1998. ISBN 1 85391 554 8. It details the care of indoor ferns with their position, choice and fern care. |
Where to see UNITED STATES |
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The Wardian case was the direct forerunner of the modern terrarium and vivarium and the inspiration for the glass aquarium. It was invented by Dr. Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward (1791–1868), of London, in about 1829 after an accidental discovery inspired him. He published a book titled On the Growth of Plants in Closely Glazed Cases in 1842. Ferns suitable for Fern Stands and Wardian Cases from Fern Plant Gallery: Fern Culture Page:-
USE OF FERN as Indoor Ferns in the UK from Ferns for Home and Garden Flowers & Plants. Published by Magna Books in 1995. ISBN 1 85422 888 9. Design and text of plan, planting plan, flowering and colour scheme: Bureau Willemien Dijkshoorn BNT, Amsterdam:-
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Fern |
Foliage Colour and Some details from The standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture in 3 Volumes by L.H Bailey. Published by The Macmillan Company in 1939 |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Type of Fern to Grow |
Use of Fern |
Comments |
Frond |
Credit |
Form |
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Paraceterach muelleri (Gymnopteris Australia - Paraceterach |
The Rhizome grows along the ground for a little and the rest of the plant is almost standing upright. The Rhizome Scales are narrowly triangular with a length of 1.5mm, they have a thick black central band and pale thin, pliable borders. |
4-12 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: See instructions on right. |
Suitable for Terrarium in temperate regions. |
Expanded , fresh fronds of this fern are an attractive bright green, with the pinnae bearing numerous light brown papery scales. When dry, the fronds curl and become brown and brittle. Grows on rocky outcrops and is difficult to cultivate. Needs warm, dry, airy conditions, bright light, and a well-drained, humus-rich mixture. Paraceterach |
Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
See photos, illustration and Distribution Maps. |
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Notholaena sinuata (Gymnogramme sinuata, Acrostichum sinuatum, Cheilanthes sinuata, Astrolepis sinuata) North America (Texas, Arizona), Mexico, Central and South America The genus name comes from the Greek nothos, false, and chlaena, cloak, referring to the blade margins, which are not reflexed as in the similar genus Cheilanthes. Dry |
Fronds are slender with attractively lobed segments and are densely scaly. "The narrow 6 to 18 inch upright fronds are tightly trimmed in chubby, starry-haired blue pinnae. By handsome contrast the stems are pinkish. In the wild, this evergreen wanders around in dryish gulches and on partially sunny hillsides. In the garden it needs a specially created similar habitat with good drainage and low moisture. In areas of high winter rainfall a container facing south and protected from the whims of weather under the eaves or similar “umbrella” of a building serves the need. Better yet a sheltered alpine house provides an ideal setting. Given the right conditions this is a very attractive addition to Zone 8" from Casa Flora who are based in Texas, North America. |
8-28 x
It has been completely evergreen in our rockery. The leaf coloration is smoky grey to dusty sage-green on top, softly furred underneath in shades of gold & tan. Young fronds have glittery white scales. If looked at with a magnifying glass, these scales are distinctly star-shaped. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of fine sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 75-85F (24-29C) at any time; division at potting time |
Suitable for Terrarium in Conservatory within temperate districts.
Stove and Greenhouse Ferns. Fronds divided, upper surface green, under covered with white powder or scales. Height from 3 to 18 inches (7.5-45cm). First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
Stove Fern. A hardy fern usually growing in gravelly soils in sunny or shady situations. Plants are tricky to grow requiring excellent drainage, bright light and adequate air movement. Water with care. It prefers a well-drained soil kept on the drier side of moist. It must not rapidly fluctuate between wet and dry. The fronds should be kept free of water droplets resulting from condensation and overhead watering, although fog does not seem to bother some xerophytic ferns. Dry rocky hillsides and canyon walls, Lower Sonoran Zone, central Arizona to western Oklahoma, Texas, Baja California, the West Indies, and southward to at least as far as Chile. |
Xerophytes should be planted with their crowns slightly above the soil. If using pots, make sure that the soil level is close to the rim in order to reduce the amount of water that could be caught in the pot during watering. A process known as double potting maintains uniform soil moisture over a longer time. The fern is planted in a porous clay pot, which in turn is planted in a larger clay pot, usually 5-7.5 cms (2-3 inches) wider than the first. The same soil mix is used in both pots. |
Astrolepis sinuata at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California. By Stan Shebs via Wikimedia Commons
Astrolepis sinuata - Botanical specimen in the Zilker Botanical Garden - Austin, Texas, USA. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons
See other photos. |
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Quercifilix zeylanica (Tectaria zeilanica) Oak Leaf Fern, Oak Leaf Creeper It is native to Sri Lanka, India, and the Indochina region in southern China and Vietnam, and Taiwan. Glasshouse Works only ships within the United States. Black Jungle Exotics sells Exotic Plants, Dart Frogs and Natural Decor for Terrarium and Vivarium Design. |
Terrarium Fern--very slow growing; very shallow wiry roots; must have high levels of humidity and fibrous media. This gem is a collector's excuse to start a Wardian case.
Epihytic or lithophytic ferns grow on trees or rocks in nature. These ferns generally grow very well in soil-less potting mixtures because of the improved aeration and drainage of these media with the following suitable mixes from chapter 20 of The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1:- Mix B Mix C Mix D |
40 x 16 |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: See on right. |
Suitable for Terrarium., Wardian Case with flowing waterfall feature within it to provide the humidity and removal of the top for an hour in the morning and evening to prevent the fronds from rotting in temperate regions.
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A tiny fern with hairy, dimorphic fronds. Can be grown in a small pot of well-drained loamy mixture or in a rock garden in a lightly shaded situation. Has also been grown in a terrarium, however, the fronds may rot in a very humid atmosphere. Minimum winter temperature is 5C (10C from book) with altitude of 0-1000m and creeping habit in the Netherlands. It is a small fern, with erect fertile fronds, and sterile fronds shaped like small oak leaves. |
Tectaria zeylanica syn.Quercifilix zeylanica, collection of Uni Giessen Botanical Garden, Germany. Date: 14 June 2008. By Kembangraps via Wikimedia Commons. Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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Araiostegia pulchra (Davallia pulchra ; Acrophorus pseudo-cystopteris ; A. pulcher ; Araiostegia athamantica ; A. beddomei ; A. delavayi ; A. imbricata ; A. pseudo-cystopteris ; A. yunnanensis ; Davallia athamantica ; D. beddomei ; D. chaerophylla ; D. imbricata ; D. pseudo-cystopteris ; D. pulchra var. delavayi ; D. pulchra var. pseudo-cystopteris ; D. rigidula ; D. yunnanensis ; Davallodes beddomei ; D. imbricata ; D. pseudo-cystopteris ; D. pulchra ; D. yunnanensis ; Humata chaerophylla ; H. pulchra ; H. yunnanensis ; Leucostegia delavayi ; L. pseudo-cystopteris ; L. pulchra ; L. yunnanensis) USDA Zones 10a-11 India, Sri Lanka - An attractive fern from mountainous regions growing in shady conditions. Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, N Thailand, Vietnam]. Araiostegia is a genus of twelve epiphytic or terrestrial ferns from tropical Asia belonging to the hares-foot fern family. It has finely pinnate thinly textured fronds arising from long scaly stalks jointed to creeping rhizomes. 美小膜盖蕨 mei xiao mo gai jue |
The slender rhizomes are covered with blunt, whitish scales and the fronds tend to be spreading or weeping. Fronds may be deciduous. Sori separate, frequently single on a segment, at forking point of veins or at bending point of a vein; indusium reniform or semicircular, attached at narrow, cordate base only, wider than long, 0.5-0.8 × 0.5-1 mm. The Araiostegia fronds are a beautiful textural addition to the garden and can also be cut and used in floral arrangements. Araiostegia is a hard-to-find fern but one that deserves a spot in every Zone 7 or warmer shade garden in America. |
16-20 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: See instructions on right. |
Suitable for native habitat as a Basket Fern. Woodland. Grow in
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Easily grown in a pot or basket. Wet forests, epiphytic and epilithic on granite and limestone; 400-3500 m. Forming an impressive species where we gathered this fern on the slopes of Fansipan the highest mountain in the north of Vietnam in 2003. Unfurling from creeping epiphytic rhizomes densely covered with ginger scales, with upright slender scaly stems (stipes) to 50cm long bearing fronds that were loosely triangular in outline to 50cm long and nearly as wide. Which are one of the most delicate looking finely divided species we grow, with the lamina 5 times pinnately divided. Best grown in moist leafmould in full to light shade where the rhizomes can creep along the surface. |
Araiostegia pulchra. Figure 1048. It may be cited as 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 4 June 2019]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. "Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia bullata India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan Davallia (deersfoot fern, hare's foot fern, shinobu fern, rabbit foot fern, ball fern is a genus of about 40 species of ferns in the family Davalliaceae. They are epiphytic ferns, with fronds arising from long aerial rhizomes which grow on and over thick bark on trees or on rock crevices. Davallia are often used in hanging baskets because the rhizomes split into sections and the surface is covered quickly. Unlike other ferns, Davallia tolerate low levels of humidity. |
Rootstock creeping, clothed with whitish or light brown hair-like scales; leaves scattered, 6-10 inches (15-25 cms) long, 4-6 inches (10-15 cms) wide, quadripinnatifid, with deeply incised segments; texture firm. It is epiphytic, that is to say in its natural environment it grows mainly on trees. A mature plant can grow to a height of 15 – 20 centimetres with a similar width.
The bluish green, tripinnate leaves are alternate. The leaflets are linear and have entire margins. The perennials prefer a half-shady situation on moist soil. They tolerate temperatures only above at least 1°C (USDA zone 10). The ornamental value of Davallia bullata lies especially in the ornamental leaves. |
6-8 x 16 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Trough by windowsill in a Heated Greenhouse, Hanging Basket, Fernball or Terrarium in UK. Shade-tolerant Fern growing on trees (epiphytic) in Woodland in native habitat.
Greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Greenhouse Evergreen Fern. It grows readily in a basket or pot of coarse mixture. Plants become deciduous over winter and should be kept on the dry side until new fronds appear. Often sold for house cultivation in the form of a fern-ball. It grows well in shady places. It grows from 20 to 35 cm. It has deciduous bullata and its leaflets are linear. Davallia bullata is a house plant with attractive dark green leaves and hairy dark brown rhizomes (horizontal roots) resembling the hooves of a deer, hence ‘Deer’s foot fern’. Davalia bullata is a must for any lover of exotic plants. It is characterised by shiny triangular fronds and distinctive root stalks. It is suitable for a windowsill or a terrarium with plenty of light and circulating air. |
Davallia bullata. Date: 21 August 2007. By Frank Vincentz wit permission GFDL (self made) via Wikimedia Commons. Davallia bullata. Date: 21 August 2007. By Frank Vincentz wit permission GFDL (self made) via Wikimedia Commons. |
"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia bullata-mariesii (Davallia bullata, Davallia Mariesii, Davallia mariesii var. stenolepis) Tropical Asia and Malaysia, Japan, Korea This is one of the most popular ferns in cultivation and it has been a favourite for decades. Semi-hardy fern. |
Plants are quite hardy and cold resistant and the fronds are shed each year. Rootstock stout, with brownish scales, which are lanceolate from a broad dilated base: leaves deltoid, 4-6 inches (10-15 cms) each way, with the pinnae cut away at the lower side at base; segments short-linear, 1-nerved; sori intramarginal. |
8-14 x 8-20 Grow in part shade to full shade |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. In Japan the live rhizomes are gathered when the plant is in its leafless period and tied into balls or other figures and subsequently hung out to grow as a basket fern. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for Shade-Tolerant. Cold-hardy.
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. It can be grown in a basket or pot and the long, furry rhizomes wander at will. These rhizomes can be trained into shapes and this makes it a popular subject in Japan. The variety stenolepis is a robust variety with conspicuous white scales on the rhizomes. Best grown under medium light in drained, moist-dry garden soil, potting mix or uncut moss. Evergreen forests at high altitude areas in India |
English: Davallia mariesii (Davalliaceae) 日本語: シノブ. Davallia mariesii (シノブ). Date: 18 October 2014. By harum.koh from Kobe city, Japan via Wikimedia Commons. |
"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia embolostegia (Wibelia embolostegia) Haresfoot fern Native to Philippines and Borneo |
A delighful fern with large, light green fronds which are produced in abundance from the spreading rhizome. The young tips of the rhizomes are covered with conspicuous, tangled, reddish-brown scales. Sori separate, often single on a segment at the bending point of a vein. |
32-48 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. |
Suitable for House Fern in Trough, Hanging Basket or Terrarium in Conservatory in the UK. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Can be grown in a large container or basket in well-drained, moist-dry potting mix or uncut moss. It needs heat and humidity to grow well. Epiphytic, rarely lithophytic, in evergreen forest in Thailand. |
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
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"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia tricho-manoides + 骨碎补 gu sui bu Malaysia, New Guinea, Indonesia
Temperate - |
Valued for its neat habit, refreshing lacy fronds and interesting furry rhizomes which wander at will. Plants are deciduous for a short period but new fronds are quickly produced. In the typical form, the rhizome scales are yellowish-brown and in forma barbata they are reddish-brown and the frond margins are less deeply incised. The variety lorrainii has dark-coloured rhizome scales and sparser fronds than other forms. Can grow in cool areas in native districts. A tender, clump-forming, spreading, deciduous fern. Davallia trichomanoides will reach a height of 0.45m and a spread of 0.3m after 5-10 years. |
8-16 x Glass Box Tropicals was created in 2012 in order to provide terrarium hobbyists with an increasingly vast assortment of plants suited for use with poison dart frogs. In addition to growing many of the plants that we offer, we also work with select commercial nurseries in the United States of America and abroad. As Glass Box Tropicals has grown, we have also begun to offer a wide array of other supplies commonly needed when growing plants, building and maintaining terrariums, culturing and caring for microfauna, and caring for poison dart frogs and other terrarium inhabitants. Many of the products we now offer are sourced from all over the world in order to aid you in building your personal rainforest. We are located in Lansing, Michigan and are currently an online store only. |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in Trough Garden or Terrarium in the UK. Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. A popular fern with fern enthusiasts and general gardeners alike. Excellent for baskets or pots. Epiphytic and epilithic on different kinds of rocks, mostly in wet places, sometimes on dry, exposed places; 100-3500 m. Partial or full shade is required for the growth of it. It can survive in dryness. Davallia trichomanoides is one of the more commonly used ferns in a terrarium. This is due to its ability to be grown both terrestrially and epiphytically. Additionally, the fuzzy brown to black rhizomes also draw many customers to this plant. When grown in a terrarium, this species will generally have fronds about 8” (20 cm) in length and 3-5” (8.75 cm) in width. As it grows, the rhizomes will slowly spread sprouting up new leaves as they go. |
Davallia trichomanoides at Garfield Park Conservatory. Date: 2 September 2016. By Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Humata heterophylla (Davallia heterophylla) Malaysia, Indonesia, India, southeastern Asia, the Phillippines, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Tender to very tender Humata is Latin for of the earth; referring to the creeping habit of the rhizomes. Accepted name in The Plant List. |
A novelty fern, which has a long slender rhizome and spaced fronds which are of 2 types. The sterile fronds are broady oblong, with entire, or sometimes scalloped, margins and the fertile fronds are deeply lobed. Rhizome tips are sometimes purplish. |
2-6 x 16 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By division of rhizomes in February or March.
The hairy rootstocks will grow over the edges of the pot on all sides. This fern requires a light spot protected from the sun, moist soil rich in humus, e.g., a mixture of potting compost, sharp sand, peat or leaf-mould and some vermiculite. The soil must not be too moist or the rootstocks will turn brown, temperature by day 21-26 C, at night 10-15C. Feed once a month (half concentration). Repot once every 2/3 years when the soil has been exhausted. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Limestone or Basic soil within a
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns, formerly included in the genus Davallia. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Grows easily in a small pot or basket. A small fern with medium-creeping rhizomes that often become hanging and vine-like. Grows well under humid conditions and medium light in drained, moist potting mix or uncut moss. The plants are frequently used for terrariums or hanging baskets. If your terrarium is very brightly lit, yet you want to grow Humata heterophylla, you’ll have the best chance to grow this fern if you grow it terrestrially or as an epiphyte, positioning your Humata heterophylla |
Humata heterophylla - English: Botanical specimen in the Lyman Plant House, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA. Date: 20 December 2012. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. Botanical illustration from Wikimedia Commons. |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
Site design and content copyright ©January 2009. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran. Revised and Expanded Edition. Published in 2001 by Timber Press, Inc. Reprinted 2002, 2006. ISBN-13:978-0-88192-495-4. |
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The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Grow in Coastal Region
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4,
5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
Topic
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
Use of Fern
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Use of Fern
See
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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Companion Plants
A question Shady Plants get asked many times is what flowering plants are suited for growing with ferns. There are a few choice plants, with elegant flowers with subtle shades that compliment ferns and grow well in shade. Here is a collection of plants that, in my opinion, go very well with ferns:-
and
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)