Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery:
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Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery:
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Botanical Plant Name with link to |
Flower Colour Sun Aspect of Full Sun, with link to external website for photo/data |
Flowering Months with link to |
Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Foliage Colour followed by with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier
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Plant Type is:-
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Comments "We have compiled three downloadable plant lists to help gardeners identify plants that will provide nectar and pollen for bees and the many other types of pollinating insects: RHS Perfect for Pollinators – Garden Plants (566kB pdf) RHS Perfect for Pollinators – Wildflowers (759kB pdf) RHS Perfect for Pollinators – Plants of the World (722kB pdf) The plants were chosen using the extensive experience, archives and records of RHS entomologists, gardeners and beekeepers in addition to published lists and scientific evidence. The lists are maintained by a team of RHS staff, including horticultural advisors, entomologists and botanists and is reviewed annually. While these lists will continue to evolve and be improved on, they represent some of the best cultivated and wild plants for gardeners to attract a wide range of pollinating insects." |
Adjacent Planting |
Plant Associations THE 10 MINUTE GARDENER: WINTER WILDLIFE GARDENING "I’m Catherine, mum, wife, writer and fan of wellies. We love exploring, creating and growing things and my blog shares ideas, inspiration and tips for making the most of busy family life, indoors and out." |
Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) |
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A. millefolium is a spreading stoloniferous perennial with narrow, finely pinnately dissected leaves and small, cream or pink flowerheads in flat heads in summer. The plant is a frequent component of butterfly gardens. Yarrow is considered an especially useful companion plant, repelling some pest insects while attracting good, predatory ones. It attracts predatory wasps, which drink the nectar and then use insect pests as food for their larvae. Similarly, it attracts ladybirds and hoverflies. |
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Achillea millefolium. In la Bòfia, Odèn (Solsonès - Catalunya), at 1,740 m. altitude. By Isidre blanc, via Wikimedia Commons |
Anethum graveolens (Mammoth Dill)
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White to Yellow Prefers Full Sun with high sunshine levels |
Jul-Oct, 10 weeks from spring sowing |
16-24 x 10 |
Rich, well-drained, sandy or chalky soil |
Ann |
Dill is a brilliant, acid-green filler – its leaves are invaluable for cooking, its flowers for decorating salads and arranging, and its seeds for salads, baking and tagines. As a cut flower, it's good with whites and blues or rich, brilliant colours to heighten their contrasts. This will self-sow freely. When used as a companion plant, dill attracts many beneficial insects as the umbrella flower heads go to seed. It makes a good companion plant for cucumbers. It is a poor companion for carrots and tomatoes. |
Sow from mid spring to mid summer. Best direct sown in free draining soil. Sow regularly for a continual crop. Also may be grown in containers. Dill seed can be used to make an excellent tea. Flower heads are excellent in dried arrangements. |
Inflorescence of Dill (Anethum graveolens). By Robert Reisman (WooteleF), via Wikimedia Commons |
Anthriscus cerefolium (Garden Chervil) |
Clusters of tiny white flowers in second season. Light dappled shade |
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12-24 x 6-12 (W) |
Free-draining soil |
Biennial if flowers required, annual if foliage only required |
The genus grows in meadows and verges on slightly wet porous soils. One species, Anthriscus cerefolium is cultivated and used in the kitchen to flavor foods. According to some, slugs are attracted to chervil and the plant is sometimes used to bait them. Sow: February - August Harvest: March - November |
Transplanting chervil can be difficult, due to the long taproot. It prefers a cool and moist location; otherwise, it rapidly goes to seed (also known as bolting). It is usually grown as a cool-season crop, like lettuce, and should be planted in early spring and late fall or in a winter greenhouse. |
Umbellet with fruits Taxonym: Anthriscus cerefolium var. longirostris By Stefan.lefnaer, via Wikimedia Commons |
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The growing plant is an insect repellent, it repels the cabbage white butterfly so is a good companion for brassicas. When the mosquito repellencies of four fractions of Apium graveolens seeds were investigated in the laboratory, all four were found to offer human volunteers some protection against female, adult Aedes aegypti. Mosquito repellents based on extracts of Ap. graveolens seeds could be developed commercially, as an effective personal-protection measure against mosquito bites and the diseases caused by mosquito-borne pathogens. |
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Apium graveolens var. rapaceum flowers (nl:Knolselderij bloemen}. By Rasbak 14:22, 10 June 2007 (UTC), via Wikimedia Commons |
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Borago officinalis (Borage) |
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B. officinalis is a large, branched annual with coarsely hairy, ovate leaves and branched cymes of starry, bright blue flowers 2cm across over a long period in summer. Borage is used in companion planting. It is said to protect or nurse legumes, spinach, brassicas, and even strawberries. It is also said to be a good companion plant to tomatoes because it confuses the mother moths of tomato hornworms or manduca looking for a place to lay their eggs. |
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Ogórecznik lekarski Praca własna OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA Data oryginału - 2005:07:09 12:42:05 with bee. By No machine-readable author provided. Mwpal assumed (based on copyright claims)., via Wikimedia Commons |
Calendula officinalis (Marigold, Pot Marigold) |
Calendula officinalis 'Indian Prince' Line veg garden paths with this to attract aphid-eating hoverflies. It will lightly self-sow. |
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Pot marigold florets are edible. They are often used to add color to salads or added to dishes as a garnish and in lieu of saffron. The leaves are edible but are often not palatable. They have a history of use as a potherb and in salads. Line veg garden paths with this to attract aphid-eating hoverflies. It will lightly self-sow. |
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Calendula officinalis - I took this photo in the dunes near Katwijk. By TeunSpaans, via Wikimedia Commons |
Centaurea cyanus (Bachelor's Buttons) |
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Piercing, bright blue flowers with ruffled petals and violet-blue centres appear from early to late summer among lance-shaped, mid-green leaves. Once a common sight in cornfields, this lovely annual is perfect for naturalising in a sunny wildflower meadow and is a magnet for butterflies and bees. The flower petals are edible and have a clove-like taste. |
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Centaurea cyanus - Cornflower with Bee. By Daniel Schwen (WooteleF), via Wikimedia Commons |
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Pollinated by bees. Clarkia makes a good addition to flower beds, borders, containers, rock gardens and native wildflower plantings. This plant attracts bees and butterflies and resists deer. |
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Clarkia pulchella. By Citron / CC-BY-SA-3.0, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Collinsia heterophylla (Chinese Houses) |
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Easy & exceptionally bloomy, enchanting in the garden & long lasting as a cut flower, who wouldn’t fall in love with this charming California wildflower? Sweetest purple-lavender & white bicolor, snapdragon-like blooms are held in tiers on multi-branching stems to 2’ tall & across, Spring thru early Summer. Adored by bees & a host plant for the Checkerspot Butterfly. Very pretty combined with Gilia capitata, Phacelia grandiflora & Layia platyglossa. Can be grown under oaks where it will self-sow for a lovely woodland effect. |
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Collinsia heterophylla — Purple Chinese Houses; At Blue Sky Ecological Reserve in Poway, San Diego County, southern California.. By Stickpen, via Wikimedia Commons |
Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) |
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In the Salinas Valley of California, aphids have been one of the worst pest in the lettuce fields, and the USDA Cooperative Extension Service has been investigating organic methods for aphid control, and experimented with coriander plants and alyssum plants when intercropped with the lettuce and allowed to flower, attracts beneficial insects like Hoverflies. The Hoverflies lay their eggs and their larvae eat the aphids, up to 150 aphids per day before they mature into flying adults. |
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Coriandrum sativum, Apiaceae, Coriander, Chinese parsley, flowers; Botanical Garden KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany. The seeds are used in homeopathy as remedy: Coriandrum sativum (Coriand.). By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
Cosmos bipinnatus (Cosmos) |
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Cosmos bipinnatus 'Purity' has large, open flowers of pure white, with delicate apple-green foliage. The classic cut flower and a supremely lovely garden plant, which no one should be without.Cosmos last 10 days in the vase, produce at least two buckets of cut flowers a week from a 1 x 1m patch and do so from late June until November – so that's nearly fifty buckets of flowers in one season from a small patch. |
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English: Cosmea with a Bee |
Eschscholzia californica (California Poppy) |
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The Antelope Valley California Poppy Reserve is located in northern Los Angeles County, California. At the peak of the blooming season, orange petals seem to cover all 1,745 acres (706 ha) of the reserve. Grown en masse, with the fine dissected foliage making a tangle of stems, they are fascinating to the eye and are breathtaking in massed plantings or containers. The flowers are extremely attractive to bees and butterflies. |
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Eschscholzia californica, Papaveraceae, California poppy, aberrant flower with six petals; Botanical Garden KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany with bee. The blooming plant is used in homeopathy as remedy: Eschscholzia californica (Esch.). By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
Euphorbia lathyris |
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All parts of the plant, including the seeds and roots are poisonous. While poisonous to humans and most livestock, goats sometimes eat it and are immune to the toxin. However, the toxin can be passed through the goat's milk. It is reputed to deter moles and any other subterranean pests. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer or rabbits! |
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Euphorbia lathyris. By Frank Vincentz, via Wikimedia Commons |
Gilia tricolor (Bird's Eyes) |
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Felicitas bird’s eyes have dainty half inch, chocolate-scented flowers in a mix of white, pink, clear blue, and violet. The dark contrasting central eyes and yellow throats are alluring to hummingbirds, native bees and an occasional butterfly. Since it is tube-shaped and fragrant, that is why the flower is a favorite of hummingbirds. These endearing hardy annual wildflowers are native to the western US, growing 15 to 18 inches tall. Bird’s Eyes thrive in sunny, relatively dry conditions, establishing themselves equally well in garden borders and natural plantings. |
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P1000371 Gilia tricolor (Bird's eyes) () Flower.JPG. By Magnus Manske, via Wikimedia Commons |
Gypsophila elegans (Baby's Breath) |
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The flowers can be cut and dried and used during the winter months. The plants themselves are useful in the hardy border, or as pot plants. Easily grown from seed it blooms 6 weeks from the day it was sown.
If you are short of space, broadcast seed in the bulb bed and it will do a great job of hiding their faded foliage in summer. |
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Gypsophila elegans from Lalbagh Garden, Bangalore, INDIA during the Annual flower show in August 2011. By Rameshng, via Wikimedia Commons |
Helianthus annuus (Common Sunflower, Annual Sunflower, Sunflowers) |
The flower head is comprised of outer yellow ray florets, which serve to attract pollinators, and inner brownish disc florets which are fertile. Full Sun |
Jul-Aug |
36-120 x 18-36 |
Moist, well-drained |
Ann |
Sunflower is pollinated by bees and some farmers place bee colonies in sunflower fields which produce honey as a by-product. Sunflower meal is sometimes used as a substitute for wheat flour in the baking of bread and cakes for human consumption. The indigenous people of North America have a long tradition of using ground sunflower seeds to make bread-like products. Grow wild Helianthus in a sunny location in somewhat fertile well-drained soil. Easy to grow, branching habit so great for cut flowers. A charming flower for the youngsters to have a go at growing. |
Removal of browned and tattered plants from the garden after bloom may improve the appearance of the landscape, but is a great disappointment to local bird populations that love to feed on the seeds. Garden Uses |
Helianthus annuus, Asteraceae, Sonnenblume, Habitus; Stutensee, Germany. The ripe fruits are used in homeopathy as remedy: Helianthus annuus (Helia.). By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
Hordeum vulgare (Barley) Supplier |
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Hordeum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the flame, rustic shoulder-knot and setaceous Hebrew character. |
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A lady beetle perches on barley. By T.Voekler, via Wikimedia Commons |
Iberis umbellata (Candytuft) |
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The genus name derives from "Iberia", the ancient name of Spain, while the species epithet comes from the Latin "umbel", meaning "umbrella" and refers to the shape of the inflorescence. The flowers are hermaphroditic and pollinated by bees and butterflies. |
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Iberis umbellata. By Leo Michels, via Wikimedia Commons |
Lasthenia californica (California Goldfields) Large populations of this species bloom at once in the spring to produce the carpets of yellow on hillsides that give the plant its common name. |
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Goldfields occurs with many other plants, but in the garden it is best used in a dense patch with other annuals such as Blue Gilia (Gilia capitata), Baby Blue-eyes (Nemophila menziesii), Clarkia sp., Lupines (Lupinus sp.), Checkerbloom (Sidalcea sp.), as well as succulents such as Dudleya sp. and Sedum sp. Numerous insects including bees and butterflies are attracted to the flowers |
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Goldfields flower -- Lasthenia californica -- Point Reyes National Seashore. By a13ean, via Wikimedia Commons |
Layia platyglossa (Coastal Tidytips) |
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Pollination is done by insects. The ripe seeds are a food source for birds. Adorable with Nemophila menziesii “Baby Blue Eyes,” both will self-sow for a harmonious show next Spring. Nice in pots too! In California, it’s an important nectar source for the Checkerspot butterfly. |
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Layia platyglossa taken in the Cambridge University Botanic Garden. By Magnus Manske, via Wikimedia Commons |
Limnanthes douglasii (Meadow Foam, Poached Egg plant) |
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L. douglasii is a spreading bushy annual to 15cm in height, with finely divided leaves and open bowl-shaped yellow flowers with white-tipped petals, in summer and autumn. Highly attractive to beneficial insects including bees and hoverflies, it will help reduce pest colonies in the vegetable garden. An easy to grow annual, it is ideal for the children’s garden and will self-see freely. It will also make a wonderful green manure crop. |
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Limnanthes douglasii. By Kurt Stüber, via Wikimedia Commons |
Linaria maroccana (Moroccan Toadflax, Annual Toadflax) |
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Linaria maroccana 'Sweeties' is a jumble of brilliant, pretty colours, with mini snapdragon flowers – a recently found top favourite. An almost instant nectar bar for pollinators. Linaria maroccana 'Northern Lights Mixed' is a plant that has received the RHS Perfect for Pollinators mark, which is given to plants that support pollinating insects in gardens. Bees, butterflies, moths, hoverflies and many others visit these flowers to feed on the pollen. |
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Linaria maroccana cv. By I, KENPEI, via Wikimedia Commons |
Lobelia erinus (Edging Lobelia) |
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Lobelia erinus is a very popular edging plant in gardens, especially for hanging baskets and window boxes. Flowers are attractive to butterflies. Trailing forms are best used in hanging baskets, containers or window boxes which enable the flowering stems to cascade downward over the sides. In mixed basket/container plantings, stems can also be easily removed as they succumb to hot summer weather. Upright varieties are best for edging and bedding. A good plant for rock gardens or butterfly gardens. |
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Lobelia erinus, Campanulaceae, Edging Lobelia, Garden Lobelia, Trailing Lobelia, flower. The whole, fresh plant collected at bloom is used in homeopathy as remedy: Lobelia erinus (Lob-e.). By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
Lobularia maritima (Sweet Alyssum) Supplier |
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In the Salinas Valley of California, aphids have been one of the worst pest in the lettuce fields, and the USDA Cooperative Extension Service has been investigating organic methods for aphid control, and experimented with coriander plants and alyssum plants when intercropped with the lettuce and allowed to flower, attracts beneficial insects like Hoverflies. The Hoverflies lay their eggs and their larvae eat the aphids, up to 150 aphids per day before they mature into flying adults. |
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Sweet alyssum. By Luis nunes alberto, via Wikimedia Commons |
Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot Trefoil) |
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It is a perennial herbaceous plant, similar in appearance to some clovers. The flowers are mostly visited by bumblebees and develop into small pea-like pods or legumes. It is often used as forage and is widely used as food for livestock due to its nonbloating properties. It can survive fairly close grazing, trampling, and mowing. It is most often found in sandy soils. Their bright yellow flowers take on an orange hue as they age, and will provide a good source of nectar for bees and butterflies. |
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Lotus corniculatus |
Lupinus succulentus (Arroyo Lupine) |
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Being the most water tolerant of all Lupines, Lupinus succulentus is used cultivated as an ornamental plant, for flower borders, native plant and wildlife gardens, and in natural landscaping projects. Plant this California native in good soil & she’ll easily reach 3-4’ tall in a jiffy, bearing tonsof fragrant 8” blooms for several months. The leaves are designed to trap water and channel it down to the soil. The leaves are eaten by the caterpillars of several butterflies such as the Painted Lady, West Coast Lady and Common Sulfur, so Arroyo Lupines attract butterflies to the garden. |
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Lupinus succulentus — arroyo lupine. At Blue Sky Ecological Reserve in Poway, San Diego County, California. By Stickpen, via Wikimedia Commons |
Melilotus indicus (Sweet Clover) |
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It is used as a source of nectar for bees, as forage, and as a soil improver. It is poisonous to some mammals. What is Calflora? Calflora is 1. a website you can use to learn about plants that grow wild in California (both native plants and weeds); and 2. a nonprofit organization responsible for providing this service. |
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Melilotus indica (flowering habit with Laysan albatross chick). Location: Midway Atoll, Halsey Dr residences Sand Island. By Forest & Kim Starr, via Wikimedia Commons |
Ocimum basilicum (Great Basil, List of basil cultivars) |
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The leaves are used to make an insecticide that can protect stored crops from beetle damage. In double-blind taste tests, basil has been found not to significantly affect the taste of tomatoes when planted adjacent to them. Studies of the essential oil showed antifungal and insect-repelling properties, including potential toxicity to mosquitos. |
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Image of Ocimum basilicum. By Leo Michels, via Wikimedia Commons |
Origanum majorana (Sweet Marjoram) |
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The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Bees. It is noted for attracting wildlife. The plant is often used to disinfect bee hives. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer. 2 tablespoons of marjoram is packed with antioxidants, vitamins, and other nutrients. Every two tablespoons of marjoram contains:
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Origanum majorana (flowering habit). Location: Maui, Enchanting Gardens of Kula. By Forest & Kim Starr, via Wikimedia Commons |
Papaver rhoeas (Corn Poppy) |
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The leaves and latex have an acrid taste and are mildly poisonous to grazing animals. In classic and modern Persian poems, the poppy is a symbol of people who died for love (Persian: راه عشق). |
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Field poppy (Papaver rhoeas) in meadow. By MichaelMaggs, via Wikimedia Commons |
Phacelia tanacetifolia (Bee Phacelia) |
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I first spied it in the veg gardens at my chum @the10minutegardener’s patch down here in Cornwall. He had a bed of perhaps two metres square of the flowers. What was clearly apparent was that both bees and hoveflies were deeply and madly and uncontrollably in love with it. You could hardly put a pin in between the furry fellows and the sound of their activity was almost enough to make a young chap break into a verse of ‘Land of Hope and Glory’. |
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Phacelia tanacetifolia with Bombus terrestris. By Rasbak, via Wikimedia Commons |
Scabiosa atropurpurea (Pincushion Flower, aka Sweet Scabious) |
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Butterflies love these lovely, sweetly fragrant, easy-to-grow, ever-popular and very rewarding hardy annuals; so this is on the list of RHS Perfect for Pollinators. Moderately fast growing, they give a profusion of double pincushion flowers, two inches or so across, on tall, strong stems. Blooming from summer into early autumn, they will supply you with some excellent cut flowers. |
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Scabiosa sp. By Por los caminos de Málaga, via Wikimedia Commons |
Secale cereale (Rye) |
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Winter rye is any breed of rye planted in the fall to provide ground cover for the winter. It actually grows during any warmer days of the winter, when sunlight temporarily warms the plant above freezing, even while there is general snow cover. It can be used to prevent the growth of winter-hardy weeds, and can either be harvested as a bonus crop, or tilled directly into the ground in spring to provide more organic matter for the next summer's crop. The flame moth, rustic shoulder-knot and turnip moth are among the species of Lepidoptera whose larvae feed on rye. |
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Secale_cereale_flowering. By Rasbak, via Wikimedia Commons |
Tagetes tenuifolia (Signet Marigold, Golden Marigold) |
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Some species of Tagetes possess a characteristic scent, which repels insects such as mosquitoes, small animals and smaller, burrowing insects. Tagetes tenuifolia is one of these and is often planted near small creeks or puddle prone areas to repel bugs, especially mosquitoes. This is a very showy annual, that can be used as a companion plant in the rose garden and vegetable patch to help repel aphids. They have a compact habit so make ideal edging and look fantastic in containers. The petals are edible and can be scattered over salads. |
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Tegetes tenuifolia. By Kurt Stüber, via Wikimedia Commons |
Tithonia rotundifolia (Mexican Sunflower) |
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This is on the list of RHS Perfect for Pollinators. |
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Tithonia rotundifolia. By Kurt Stüber, via Wikimedia Commons |
Trachymene coerulea, aka Didiscus coeruleas (Blue Lace Flower) |
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Beautiful pale blue, flat lacy umbels, which is lovely on its own, or used as a scented filler in any arrangement. In addition, it attracts beneficial insects to the garden. Cut the flowers in the morning when approximately 80% of the flowers are open. They will last around 7 to 10 days in a vase. For dried flowers, air dry flowers for two to three weeks in a dark, dry place. Darkness is necessary so the flowers do not turn brown. |
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Blue lace flower. ブルーレースフラワー。. By Yoko Nekonomania, via Wikimedia Commons |
Trifolium incarnatum (Crimson Clover) |
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If a few plants are retained and not cut-down, the flowers produced attract bees and other beneficial insects. |
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Trifolium incarnatum, Tauberland, Germany. By Bernd Haynold, via Wikimedia Commons |
Trifolium repens (White Clover) |
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The flowers are mostly visited by bumblebees. The leaves form the symbol known as shamrock. White clover can tolerate close mowing, and can grow on many different types and pHs of soil, but prefers clay. It is considered to be a beneficial component of natural or organic lawn care due to its ability to fix nitrogen and out-compete lawn weeds. Natural nitrogen fixing reduces leaching from the soil and can reduce the incidence of some lawn diseases that are enhanced by the availability of synthetic fertilizer. |
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White clover, photographed in England by Heron 16:46, 20 Jun 2004 (UTC). By The original uploader was Heron at English Wikipedia, via Wikimedia Commons |
Trifolium subterraneum (Subterranean Clover) Product Development Pathway of each Heritage Seed:-
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The flowers of subclover are often located beneath its leaves and are low in nectar, making access both difficult and unappealing for bees. This species is self-fertilizing Subterranean clover is sometimes mixed with alfalfa for a longer-lasting grazing pasture. Subterranean clover is one of the most commonly grown forage crops in Australia. It is also grown in places such as California and Texas, where the extreme ranges of soil type and quality, rainfall, and temperature make the variable tolerances of sub clover especially useful. Subterranean clover revolutionised farming practice, converting many struggling farms into successful livestock holdings. |
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Trifolium subterraneum at Humboldt Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, California, USA. By Gordon Leppig & Andrea J. Pickart, via Wikimedia Commons |
From Attracting Beneficial Insects by Fine Gardening:- Lady beetles—Lady beetles prey on aphids and other soft-bodied insects. The adults will eat as many as 50 aphids per day. If you have enough aphids, and the beetles stick around long enough to lay eggs, each hatched larva will eat some 400 aphids before entering its pupal stage. Ground beetles—Ground beetles don't fly much, preferring to run away when disturbed. They're nocturnal hunters, rooting among leaf litter for insect eggs and larvae. Lacewings —When the fairylike green lacewing flutters silently by in search of pollen or nectar, I find it hard to imagine it in its fiercely predacious larval stage, during which it devours aphids, caterpillars, mealybugs, leafhoppers, insect eggs, and whiteflies. Hover flies —With their striped abdomens, hover flies look like small bees, but they move through the air more like flies, zipping from plant to plant, hovering briefly before landing. They visit a variety of flowers in search of pollen and nectar, and they lay their eggs near aphids or other soft-bodied insects. The eggs hatch into hungry larvae that eat up to 60 aphids per day. True bugs—There are bugs and then there are true bugs. Many are plant feeders but many are predacious, with tubular mouthparts they insert like a straw to suck the juices out of their prey. The minute pirate bug is a tiny (1/12 inch) predator with a wide-ranging appetite; it eats aphids, thrips, mites, whiteflies, and insect eggs. It lays its eggs on the leaf surface near its prey; nymphs hatch and begin feeding. The cycle from egg to adult takes only three weeks. Parasitic wasps—These very helpful creatures, ranging in size from small to minuscule, will defend your garden against caterpillars like corn earworm, tomato fruitworm, cabbageworm, and tent caterpillars. The smallest and perhaps most popular parasitic wasp is the trichogramma, a dust-size creature that lays up to 300 eggs in moth or butterfly eggs. I water my garden with overhead sprinklers, so insects always have puddles and wet leaves to drink from. If I were using drip irrigation, I'd offer them water in a saucer filled with pebbles, so they don't drown. Just like the rest of us, beneficials need protection from heat and rain. They need to hide from birds and insects who would make a meal of them. Again, a variety of leafy plants offers protection. Ground beetles hide in low-growing ground covers and in mulch or leaf litter. Flying insects hide in shrubs, on the undersides of leaves, even among the petals of marigolds. Since many of the beneficials are tiny or have short mouthparts, I offer them tiny flowers with short nectaries. Many plants in the carrot and aster families offer just that. Beneficials also need a reason to stay on when they've finished cleaning up the crops or at the end of the season when you've cleaned up the garden. Consider trying to recreate in a corner of the yard or on the edge of your garden the thick, wild diversity of a hedgerow by using a variety of early-flowering shrubs, perennials, and grasses to provide year-round shelter and a place for alternative prey to dwell. Keep this beneficial insect reservoir as close to your garden as you dare. If the insects get too comfortable in the hedgerow, they might not be inclined to travel very far for a meal. As long as there is a place for pests, the beneficials may stay to eat in your weedy refuge rather than head for the neighbor's yard. Insect allies hate dust. Keeping the soil covered at all times, either with mulch or with growing plants, conserves moisture, moderates temperatures, and eliminates dust. It also provides habitat for ground and rove beetles. Try not to eliminate every weed. Leave some for the insects. Creating your habitat can be a colorful affair. Start luring beneficials quickly with annuals like alyssum, cosmos, zinnias, sunflowers, and marigolds. At the same time, set out perennial flowers and herbs, including golden marguerite ( Anthemis tinctoria ), yarrow, lavender, mint, fennel, angelica, and tansy. Beneficials are also fond of dill, parsley, and cilantro flowers. When you've finished harvesting these herbs, leave the plants in the garden to flower. I like to let a small patch of carrots run to flower. Their blossoms are sweetly fragrant; beneficials love them. |
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STAGE 2 |
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages |
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Plant Type |
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements |
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Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers) |
Alpines and Walls |
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Aquatic |
Water-side Plants |
Wildlife Pond Plants |
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Annual for ----------------
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Cut Flowers |
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Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916 |
Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers |
Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals |
Medium-Growing Annuals |
Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916 |
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Black or Brown Flowers |
Blue to Purple Flowers |
Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916 |
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Vining Annuals |
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Bedding for |
Bedding for Light Sandy Soil |
Bedding for Acid Soil |
Bedding for Chalky Soil |
Bedding for Clay Soil |
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Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths |
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Bedding Plant Use |
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Use in Hanging Baskets |
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Flower Simple Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Use in Pots and Troughs |
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Flower Elabo-rated Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
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Use in |
Use in |
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Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
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Use in Bedding Out |
Use in |
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Biennial for |
Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory |
Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916 |
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Bulb for |
Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember |
Bulbs in Window-boxes |
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Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens |
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Bulbs in Green-house or Stove |
Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums |
Clivias, |
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Hardy Bulbs
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Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline, |
Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis |
Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis |
Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots, |
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Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots |
Half-Hardy Bulbs |
Gladioli, Ixias, |
Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for |
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Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with
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1b. |
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2b. |
3a. |
3c. |
Raised |
Plants for Wildlife-Use as well |
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Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained |
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Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house |
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Climber - Simple Flower Shape |
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Climber - Elabo-rated Flower Shape |
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DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
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Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:- |
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I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to |
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The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines. |
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Topic Table of this page has moved to the right hand side. |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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The following table shows the linkages for the information about the plants
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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Private Garden Design:- |
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Yes |
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No |
Cannot be bothered. |
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At Home with Gard-ening Area |
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Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
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Grow flowers for flower arranging and vegetables on Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
Pan Plant Back-grou-nd Colour |
STAGE 3b |
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Outside Garden |
Pan, Trough and Window-Box Odds and Sods |
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Kinds of Pan Plants that may be split up and tucked in Corners and Crevices |
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Trough and Window-box plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Pan Plant |
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You need to know the following:- |
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A) Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers List leads onto the |
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Human Prob-lems |
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Blind, |
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Garden Style, which takes into account the Human Problems above |
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Classic Mixed Style |
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Cottage Garden Style |
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Naturalistic Style |
Formal English Garden |
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Mediterranean Style |
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Meadow and Corn-field |
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Paving and Gravel inland, |
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Problem Sites within your chosen Garden Style from the above |
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Exce-ssively Hot, Sunny and Dry Site is suitable for Drought Resistant Plants |
Excessively Wet Soil - especially when caused by poor drainage |
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Control of Pests (Aphids, Rabbits, Deer, Mice, Mole, Snails) / Disease by Companion Planting in Garden |
Whether your Heavy Clay or Light Sandy / Chalk Soil is excessively Alkaline (limy) / Acidic or not, then there is an Action Plan for you to do with your soil, which will improve its texture to make its structure into a productive soil instead of it returning to being just sand, chalk, silt or clay. |
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Problems caused by builders:- 1. Lack of soil on top of builders rubble in garden of just built house. |
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In planning your beds for your garden, before the vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman planting is inserted into your soft landscaping plan, the following is useful to consider:- |
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Reasons for stopping infilling of Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page. From September 2017 will be creating the following new pages on Sense of Fragrance using Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders. |
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After you have selected your vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman plants for each bed or border, you will need to infill with plants taking the following into account:- |
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Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Leaf Perfume Group:- |
Scent of Wood, Bark and Roots Group:-
Scent of Fungi Group:- |
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Sense of Sight |
Emotion of |
Emotion of |
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Emotion of |
Emotion of Intellectual versus Emotional |
Sense of Touch |
Sense of Taste |
Sense of Sound |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 for |
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STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
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Plant Type |
ABC |
DEF |
GHI |
JKL |
MNO |
PQR |
STU |
VWX |
YZ |
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Alpine in Evergreen Perennial, |
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Annual/ Biennial |
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Bedding, 25 |
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Bulb, 746 with Use, Flower Colour/Shape of |
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Climber 71 Clematis, 58 other Climbers with Use, Flower Colour and Shape |
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Deciduous Shrub 43 with Use and Flower Colour |
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Evergreen Perennial 104 with Use, Flower Colour, Flower Shape and Number of Petals |
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Evergreen Shrub 46, Semi-Evergreen Shrub and Heather 74 with Use and Flower Colour |
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Fern with 706 ferns |
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Herbaceous Perennial 91, |
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Rose with 720 roses within Flower Colour, Flower Shape, Rose Petal Count and Rose Use |
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Sub-Shrub |
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Wildflower 1918 with |
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Finally, you might be advised to check that the adjacent plants to the one you have chosen for that position in a flower bed are suitable; by checking the entry in Companion Planting - like clicking A page for checking Abies - and Pest Control page if you have a pest to control in this part of the flower bed. |
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 Reference books for these galleries in Table on left |
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STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY |
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Since 2006, I have requested photos etc from the Mail-Order Nurseries in the UK and later from the rest of the World. Few nurseries have responded.
with the aid of further information from other books, magazines and cross-checking on the internet. |
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