Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery: |
Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery: |
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Botanical Plant Name with link to |
Flower Colour Sun Aspect of Full Sun, with link to external website for photo/data |
Flowering Months with link to |
Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Foliage Colour followed by with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier
with data for rows in |
Plant Type is:-
followed by:-
with links to |
Comments |
A plant of first-class merit, suggested as 'First Choices' Adjacent Planting |
Plant Associations It is sad to reflect that in England so few gardens open to the public label their plants or label them so that the label is visible when that plant is in flower, so that visitors can identify; and then later locate and purchase that plant. Few mail-order nurseries provide the detail as shown in my rose or heather galleries. If you want to sell a product, it is best to display it. When I sold my Transit van, I removed its signage, cleaned it and took photos of the inside and outside before putting them onto an advert in Autotrader amongst more than 2000 other Transit vans - it was sold in 20 minutes. If mail-order nurseries could put photos to the same complexity from start of the year to its end with the different foliage colours and stages of flowering on Wikimedia Commons, then the world could view the plant before buying it, and idiots like me would have valid material to work with. I have been in the trade (until ill health forced my Sole Trader retirement in 2013) working in designing, constructing and maintaining private gardens for decades and since 2005 when this site was started, I have asked any nursery in the world to supply photos. R.V. Roger in Yorkshire allowed me to use his photos from his website in 2007 and when I got a camera to spend 5 days in July 2014 at my expense taking photos of his roses growing in his nursery field, whilst his staff was propagating them. I gave him a copy of those photos. |
The plants used are placed in groups according to their kind, each providing a patch of foliage , flower colour and contrast. The backbone of the garden alpine meadow is our native creeping Thyme, Thymus serpyllum, and its varieties. These make harde-wearing, mat-like carpets, 2-3 inches (5-7.5 cms) high when in flower, and should be used where foot traffic is likely to be heaviest. There are many varieties, differing in the colour of their flowers and also, in some instances, in the tone or shade of their leaves. |
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Thymus serpyllum coccineus (Thyme creeping red) Thymus serpyllum coccineus Thymus serpyllum Thymus serpyllum Thymus serpyllum 'Russettings' Supplier in UK |
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Thymus serpyllum coccineus has purple-crimson flowers, and its Thymus serpyllum coccineus form major grows a little larger; Thymus serpyllum albus is white flowering; Thymus serpyllum 'Annie Hall', a good flesh pink; Thymus serpyllum 'Pink Chintz', a clear pink; and Thymus serpyllum 'Russettings', rose-red. |
With so many wonderful cultivars available it could be difficult deciding which thymes to grow! These are my recommendations, based on my experience of growing thyme for many years.
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Creeping red thyme, Thymus serpyllum coccineus. By Herby via Wikimedia Commons.
Creeping red thyme, Thymus serpyllum coccineus. By Herby via Wikimedia Commons.
There are other Thymus used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Thymus pseudo-lanuginosus (Thymus praecox subsp. britannicus, Thymus praecox subsp. arcticus, Woolly Thyme) Thymus hirsutus Supplier in Australia Thymus hirsutus doerfleri Supplier in UK Thymus comosus |
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To them can be added Thymus hirsutus and its variety Thymus doerfleri for their silver-grey foliage and deep pink flowers; and Thymus comosus with hairy grey-green leaves, and lilac-pink flowers. All can be planted in groups to give a tapestry of colour, spacing plants 4-6 inches (10-15 cms) apart. |
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Thymus praecox subsp. arcticus (habit). Location: Maui, Walmart Kahulu. By Forest & Kim Starr via Wikimedia Commons.
Thymus doerfleri. By Olaf Leillinger via Wikimedia Commons.
Thymus comosus. By Ghislain118 via Wikimedia Commons. |
Thymus citriodorus Thymus citriodorus var. aureus Thymus citriodorus 'Silver Queen' |
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To provide further foliage contrast the and its yellow-leaved variety white variegated leaved 'Silver Queen' may be planted, although they grow somewhat taller to 8-12 inches (20-30 cms). |
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Thymus x citriodorus. By Wildfeuer via Wikimedia Commons. |
Acaena microphylla (Scarlet Bidi-bidi, New Zealand Burr) Supplier in UK Acaena inermis |
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It is here that we can plant the Acaenas, too invasive to place elsewhere in the rock garden; Acaena buchananii, grey-green leaves, and Acaena inermis, similar to Acaena microphylla, and all making mats of compact growth, 2 inches (5 cms) high. |
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Acaena microphylla - Photo taken on 5 August 2010. By Laxskinn via Wikimedia Commons.
Acaena buchananii leaves and fruit - Photo taken on 9 September 2006. By Sten Porse via Wikimedia Commons.
Latina: Acaena inermis. By Ghislain118 (AD) via Wikimedia Commons. |
Cotula squalida Supplier in UK |
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Cotula squalida, a compatriot of the acaenas from New Zealand, is a good low carpeter with fern-like, bronzy-green foliage that may be used in moderation in the alpine meadow. It has been used to make a lawn of its own, but only small patches should be put down in conjunction with other plants lest it over-powers them by sheer exuberance. |
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Cotula squalida - New Zealand brass buttons Asteraceae Oregon (Cultivated). By David Eickhoff from Pearl City, Hawaii, USA via Wikimedia Commons. |
Antennaria dioica 'Rosea' Supplier in UK Antennaria aprica |
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Grey-leaved with deep rose-pink flowers in June, Antennaria aprica, silvery-grey in leaf, and white in flower. |
Hall Farm Nursery - The plants sold at the nursery are all propagated and cared for on site, using traditional methods and our own peat free high quality compost:- |
Antennaria dioica 'Rosea'. By Ghislain118 http://www.fleurs-des-montagnes.net via Wikimedia Commons. |
Campanula cochleariifolia (Fairy Thimble Bellflower) Campanula cochleariifolia alba Supplier in UK Campanula cochleariifolia 'Miranda' Supplier in Australia |
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One or two of the creeping Campanulas, with their handsome flower bells are pleasing in summer. Campanula cochleariifolia (Syn. pusilla) creeps by its roots, and throws up nodding soft blue flowers 3 inches (7.5 cms) high, and has a charming white form, Campanula cochleariifolia alba, and a very free-flowering form Campanula cochleariifolia 'Miranda' with bells of silvery-blue. |
The following is from Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery:- This is a genus that looks very attractive when confined to a trough; where its normal habit of spreading by runners is best controlled. The Book "Dwarf Campanulas" by Graham Nicholls - "Campanulas have long been a gardeners' favourite, their spectacular summer performance earning them a place in the herbaceous border year after year. Here their lesser-known relatives, the smaller dwarf campanulas, take center stage. Everyone who grows campanulas will enjoy this book, finding uses for the diminutive yet exuberant forms at the front of the border as well as in rock gardens, alpine houses, troughs, and containers. More than 200 Campanula species and hybrids are described, and specialists and collectors will delight in the descriptions of rare and little-documented plants and devour the information about the plants' wild habitats. Color photographs enhance the text, encouraging gardeners to experiment with dwarf campanulas in a wide range of garden situations and appreciate the diversity of this rewarding group of plants." from The Alpine Garden Society Bookshop. |
This photo shows Campanula cochleariifolia. By Teun Spaans via Wikimedia Commons.
There are other Campanula used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Achillea lewisii (Dwarf Yarrow) Gypsophila repens Supplier in UK Gypsophila repens rosea |
Creamy-yellow Full Sun |
May-Jul |
6-8 x 8-12 |
Grey-green Dry Sand, dislikes heavy clay soil |
Carpet-forming P H |
A pleasing plant to include is the dwarf Milfoil Achillea lewisii, with light greenish-grey foliage and sulphur-yellow flowers on short stalks for several weeks in summer. With it may be associated Gypsophila repens (fratensis), a compact mound of blue-grey foliage, covered with pink flowers, and its variety Gypsophila repens rosea, which has deeper rose-pink flowers throughout summer. |
There are other Achillea used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery
There are other Gypsophila used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
This image shows the Creeping baby's breath (Gypsophila repens). It has been taken at the island Mainau. By André Karwath aka Aka via Wikimedia Commons. |
Selliera radicans Supplier in Australia Polygala calcarea (Chalk Milkwort in the Milkwort Wildflower Family) Supplier in UK Silene acaulis exscapa
Potentilla verna nana Veronica prostrata 'Mrs Holt' |
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For a moister spot or close to stones, Selliera radicans (Syn. Hypsela longiflora) will form a spreading mat of green foliage, producing mauve-pink tubular flowers throughout the summer. Pygmies of cushiony or tufted growth and no invasive strength but splendid foliage and colour are the native Polygala calcarea, with bright blue flower spikes from grass-green mats in May-July, Silene acaulis exscapa, rich green moss-like cushions of an inch (2.5 cms) high with pink flowers in May-June; Potentilla verna nana of tufted growth and light yellow flowers in spring; and Veronica prostrata 'Mrs Holt', a Speedwell of 3 inches (7.5 cms) with pink flowers from June-August. |
There are other Polygala used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery There are other Silene used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery There are other Potentilla used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery There are other Veronica used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Selliera radicans - Botanical specimen in the Palmengarten, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons.
Polygala calcarea. In Muntanya d'Alinyà (Alt Urgell-Catalunya). To 1.660 m. altitude. By Isidre blanc via Wikimedia Commons.
Silene acaulis. Arctic flowers have to be hardy and grow in tight little clumps. By Alastair Rae from London, UK via Wikimedia Commons.
Flower: front and rear view. The upper sepal is much smaller than the others. Taxonym: Veronica prostrata ss Fischer et al. EfÖLS 2008 ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 Location: Donauinsel, Vienna-Floridsdorf - ca. 160 m a.s.l. Habitat: dry grassland like slope. By Stefan.lefnaer via Wikimedia Commons. |
Gentiana sino-ornata Gentiana acaulis (stemless gentian) Gentiana verna (Spring Gentian in Gentian Wildflower Family) Supplier in UK Gentiana farreri (Photo of Flower from Gentians.be is a site by and for Gentian lovers. We have a large growing database with the names and pictures of gentians and articles about various topics and so on...) Supplier in Poland Gentiana hexa-farreri Supplier in UK Supplier in UK
Information about Gentiana from the Alpine Garden Society. and the North American Rock Garden Society. The Alpine Garden Society also sells books and publications.
Photos and details about hybrids of Gentiana in English translation and Russian. |
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Where it is happy in lime-free soil, Gentiana sino-ornata and its hybrids may be introduced for their lovely blue trumpet flowers of autumn. Where they are found to thrive Gentiana acaulis may also be planted and allowed to spread, and the native Gentiana verna, the smaller, sky-blue flowering Gentian, should certainly be brought in.
Where there is lime in the soil, Gentiana farreri, Gentiana hexa-farreri and Gentiana x 'Inverleith', all autumn-flowering and spreading when suited, may be tried. |
Edrom Nurseries in Scotland sells many Evergreen Alpines and Herbaceous Alpines, as well as Plants for Shade - Evergreen, Ferns (Further details about some Ferns in Fern Plant Gallery) and Herbaceous. We have at present, a trough garden with over sixty troughs, raised beds and a half acre woodland garden, all of which may be seen in the miscellaneous pictures gallery. A four acre woodland garden is under development as we speak although this will take some time to complete, as we are still at the stage of removing bracken, brambles, gorse and fallen or unstable trees. We're hoping this will be ready for 2016. Paths and bridges have been constructed and planting of the beds is in full flow.
There are other Gentiana used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Gentiana sino-ornata in flower. Huluhai, Sichuan - 葫芦海 四川. By rduta on Flickr via Wikimedia Commons.
Gentiana acaulis. By I, KENPEI via Wikimedia Commons.
Gentiana verna. By Opioła Jerzy via Wikimedia Commons.
Gentiana farreri - Italiano: Genziana del Tibet. By Francesco Rigotti via Wikimedia Commons. |
Dwarf conifers give an air of distinction to an alpine meadow but need to be well-sited and to scale. They usually look best to the side or back of the meadow, particularly if near to an out-jutting rock or outcrop. Suitable choices are described in Alpine Shrubs and Conifers Page 2. A grouping of 3 of the slower-growing upright conifers is highly effective, while more prostrate kinds can be used to wed the meadow to stone or a slope. |
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The alpine meadow is the ideal place for placing a succession of the dwarf species and varieties of bulbs. These, too, should be planted in drifts or groups in and among the mats and creeping carpets of the meadow's alpines. With the aid of a small, narrow bladed trowel, they can be put in their places at an appropriate time to give delightful shows of beautiful and colourful flowers through the autumn, winter and spring months. Their foliage must, of course, be allowed to grow on and wither before being removed, since the leaves must make the food to fill the bulbs for another year. Here is a short selection:- |
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AUTUMN-FLOWERING: Plant August-September, 2 inches (5 cms) deep |
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Crocus asturicus atropurpureus Supplier in UK |
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Crocus asturicus atropurpureus, 3 inches (7.5 cms) high, dark violet, late |
There are other Crocus used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery There are other Crocus in Colchicum and Crocus Gallery |
The Crocus Database of the National Gardening Association has 343 images of 328 crocus. The Plant Database has 683,245 plants, and 394,232 images in the database. |
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Supplier in UK Crocus kotschyanus leucopharynx (Crocus zonatus) Supplier in UK |
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Crocus kotschyanus (Syn. zonatus), 2 inches (5 cms) high, rosy-lilac, orange base, and its variety Crocus kotschyanus leucopharynx, (syn. Crocus karduchorum), lavender-pink, with large white throat. |
"The Dig Drop Done Foundation was founded to promote the joy of bulb gardening and ensure its future in North America and Canada. This diverse and committed group of companies has devoted its time, knowledge and financial support to educating consumers on the simple, surprising beauty that flowering bulbs bring to our lives." Its members also sell bulbs, so at least one of them would probably sell these crocus on this page. |
Crocus kotschyanus between paving stones. By Meneerke bloem via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Crocus longiflorus, 4 inches (10 cms) high, lilac-blue, delicious scent |
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Crocus longiflorus. By Jpaquetvence via Wikimedia Commons. |
Crocus medius Supplier in UK |
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Crocus medius, 2 inches (5 cms) high, lilac-purple, orange-red anthers, striking. |
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Supplier in UK |
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Crocus ochroleucus, 4 inches (10 cms) high, creamy-white, orange base. |
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Crocus ochroleucus - close-up. By Meneerke bloem via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Crocus pulchellus 'Zephyr' Supplier in UK |
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Crocus pulchellus, 2 inches (5 cms) high, soft lilac, golden throat. Crocus pulchellus 'Zephyr', large white, shaded pearly-grey, is lovely. |
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Crocus serotinus salzmannii Supplier in UK Crocus salzmannii 'Erectophyllus' Supplier in UK |
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Crocus salzmannii, 4 inches (10 cms) high, lavender-blue. Crocus salzmannii erectophyllus has dark blue flowers, with orange anthers. |
Botanic Gardens Conservation International BGCI provides a global voice for all botanic gardens, championing and celebrating their inspiring work. We are the world's largest plant conservation network, open to all. Join us in helping to save the world's threatened plants. |
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Crocus speciosus albus Crocus speciosus 'Artabur' Supplier in UK Crocus speciosus 'Cassiope' Supplier in UK Crocus speciosus globus
Crocus speciosus 'Oxonian' |
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Crocus speciosus, 2 inches (5 cms) high, bright blue, naturalizing freely; and Crocus speciosus albus, white; Crocus speciosus 'Artabur', pale blue, darker feathering; Crocus speciosus 'Cassiope', blue with cream base; Crocus speciosus globus, rich blue, late-blooming; and Crocus speciosus 'Oxonian', deep violet blue. |
"Gardening is for everyone to enjoy. What better way to get children inspired to get out in the garden than to offer them bulbs and plants especially picked for their easy growing?" |
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Leucojum autumnale (Acis autumnalis) Supplier in UK |
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Leucojum autumnale, 3 inches (7.5 cms) high, white, pinkish at base, flowers appearing in early autumn before the leaves. Plant 1 inch (2.5 cms) deep in July. |
There are other Leucojum used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Français : Gros plan d'une fleur d'Acis autumnalis. By Meneerke bloem via Wikimedia Commons. |
Oxalis lobata (Oxalis pericaria) |
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Oxalis lobata, 2 inches (5 cms) high, golden-yellow flowers; plant 1 inch (2.5 cms) deep in sheltered sunny spot in July-August. |
Growing Tips from Border Alpines - Customers often ask us how we manage to get our plants looking so lush, green and healthy. The simple answer is: "Plant green side up, water well until established and feed each year at the end of the flowering period."
There are other Oxalis used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Oxalis lobata. By Ghislain118 http://www.fleurs-des-montagnes.net via Wikimedia Commons. |
Plants for Small Gardens mail-order nursery in England has the following Plant Types:- |
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Besides plants , Mountain Valley Growers in California, USA also sells books like this one on Lasagna Gardening - A new layering system for Bountiful Gardens: No Digging, No Tilling, No Weeding, No Kidding!:- "Patricia Lanza got carried away with her layers of stuff gardening and ended up making over 60 gardens. She wisely advises, though, that you start with just one. I like her approach in dealing with new gardens on sodded or weed full places. She just places wet newspapers over them and then covers that with a layer of peat moss. She layers garden matter on top of that and then more peat moss. It is a pretty informal system that allows a wonderful garden to emerge in a short amount of time. This book is chock full of tips and timesavers and her favorite varieties of veggies and fruits. She creates not only herb and vegetable gardens, but gets creative and gives you guidelines for every thing from white gardens to edible flower gardens." |
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Visitors to the mountains of Switzerland and other alpine regions will know the delight of coming upon the glowing kaleidoscopic colour of an alpine meadow be-jewelled with flowering alpine in full bloom.
But with equal facility, it can be adapted to quite large areas, becoming pleasant to walk upon and durable enough for most garden lawn purposes as an ornamental feature. |
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STAGE 2 |
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages |
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Plant Type |
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements |
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Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers) |
Alpines and Walls |
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Aquatic |
Water-side Plants |
Wildlife Pond Plants |
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Cut Flowers |
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Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916 |
Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers |
Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals |
Medium-Growing Annuals |
Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916 |
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Black or Brown Flowers |
Blue to Purple Flowers |
Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916 |
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Vining Annuals |
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Bedding for Light Sandy Soil |
Bedding for Acid Soil |
Bedding for Chalky Soil |
Bedding for Clay Soil |
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Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths |
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Bedding Plant Use |
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Flower Simple Shape |
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Use in Pots and Troughs |
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Biennial for |
Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory |
Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916 |
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Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember |
Bulbs in Window-boxes |
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Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens |
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Bulbs in Green-house or Stove |
Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums |
Clivias, |
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Hardy Bulbs
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Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline, |
Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis |
Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis |
Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots, |
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Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots |
Half-Hardy Bulbs |
Gladioli, Ixias, |
Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for |
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Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with
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1a. |
1b. |
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2b. |
3a. |
3c. |
Raised |
Plants for Wildlife-Use as well |
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Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained |
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Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house |
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Climber - Simple Flower Shape |
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Climber - Elabo-rated Flower Shape |
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DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
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Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:- |
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I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to |
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The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines. |
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Topic |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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Soil contains living material that requires the right structure and organic material to provide food for plants. If the structure of the soil tends towards a loam of about 20-50% sand, silt and 20 - 40% clay with a pH between 6 and 7.5, then this suitable for a high proportion of plants. Otherwise an application of a mulch of sand and horticultural grit for clay, or clay and horticultural grit for sand, is required to improve plant growth. If an annual mulch of organic material (Spent Mushroom Compost, Cow Manure, Horse Manure does contain weed seeds and should only be used under hedges or ground-covering trees/shrubs) is applied of 100mm (4”) thickness to the soil, then the living material in the soil can continue their role of feeding the plants. This mulch will stop the ground drying out due to wind or sun having direct access to the ground surface. The annual loss of organic matter from soils in cool humid climates is about 6lbs per square metre. If there is also a drip-feed irrigation system under the mulch (which is used for 4 continuous hours a week - when there is no rain that week from April to September), then the living material can get their food delivered in solution or suspension. If the prunings from your garden are shredded (or reduced to 4” lengths) and then applied as a mulch to your flower beds or hedges, followed by 0.5” depth of grass mowings on top; this will also provide a start for improvement of your soil. The 0.5" layer can be applied again after a fortnight; when the aerobic composting stage (the aerobic composting creates heat and 0.5" - 1 cm - thickness does not become too hot to harm the plants next to it) has been completed during the summer. Anaerobic (without using air) composting then completes the process. Application of Seaweed Meal for Trace Elements and other chemicals required to replenish what has been used by the plants in the previous year for application in Spring are detailed in the How are Chemicals stored and released from Soil? page.
You normally eat and drink at least 3 times every day to keep you growing, healthy and active; plants also require to eat and drink every day. Above 5 degrees Celcius plants tend to grow above ground and below 5 degrees Celcius they tend to grow their roots underground. 2 minor points to remember with their result-
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Soils and their Treatment
Soil Improvement |
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and • Watering Schedule - Far and away the best course of action against slugs in your garden is a simple adjustment in the watering schedule. Slugs are most active at night and are most efficient in damp conditions. Avoid watering your garden in the evening if you have a slug problem. Water in the morning - the surface soil will be dry by evening. Studies show this can reduce slug damage by 80%.
• Seaweed - If you have access to seaweed, it's well worth the effort to gather. Seaweed is not only a good soil amendment for the garden, it's a natural repellent for slugs. Mulch with seaweed around the base of plants or perimeter of bed. Pile it on 3" to 4" thick - when it dries it will shrink to just an inch or so deep. Seaweed is salty and slugs avoid salt. Push the seaweed away from plant stems so it's not in direct contact. During hot weather, seaweed will dry and become very rough which also deters the slugs.
• Copper - Small strips of copper can be placed around flower pots or raised beds as obstructions for slugs to crawl over. Cut 2" strips of thin copper and wrap around the lower part of flower pots, like a ribbon. Or set the strips in the soil on edge, making a "fence" for the slugs to climb. Check to make sure no vegetation hangs over the copper which might provide a 'bridge' for the slugs. Copper barriers also work well around wood barrels used as planters.
• Diatomaceous Earth - Diatomaceous earth (Also known as "Insect Dust") is the sharp, jagged skeletal remains of microscopic creatures. It lacerates soft-bodied pests, causing them to dehydrate. A powdery granular material, it can be sprinkled around garden beds or individual plants, and can be mixed with water to make a foliar spray.
• Electronic "slug fence" - An electronic slug fence is a non-toxic, safe method for keeping slugs out of garden or flower beds. The Slugs Away fence is a 24-foot long, 5" ribbon-like barrier that runs off a 9 volt battery. When a slug or snail comes in contact with the fence, it receives a mild static sensation that is undetectable to animals and humans. This does not kill the slug, it cause it to look elsewhere for forage. The battery will power the fence for about 8 months before needing to be replaced. Extension kits are availabe for increased coverage. The electronic fence will repel slugs and snails, but is harmless to people and pets.
• Lava Rock - Like diatomaceous earth, the abrasive surface of lava rock will be avoided by slugs. Lava rock can be used as a barrier around plantings, but should be left mostly above soil level, otherwise dirt or vegetation soon forms a bridge for slugs to cross.
• Salt - If all else fails, go out at night with the salt shaker and a flashlight. Look at the plants which have been getting the most damage and inspect the leaves, including the undersides. Sprinkle a bit of salt on the slug and it will kill it quickly. Not particularly pleasant, but use as a last resort. (Note: some sources caution the use of salt, as it adds a toxic element to the soil. This has not been our experience, especially as very little salt is used.)
• Beer - Slugs are attracted to beer. Set a small amount of beer in a shallow wide jar buried in the soil up to its neck. Slugs will crawl in and drown. Take the jar lid and prop it up with a small stick so rain won't dilute the beer. Leave space for slugs to enter the trap.
• Overturned Flowerpots, Grapefruit Halves, Board on Ground - Overturned flowerpots, with a stone placed under the rim to tilt it up a bit, will attract slugs. Leave overnight, and you'll find the slugs inside in the morning. Grapefruit halves work the same way, with the added advantage of the scent of the fruit as bait.
• Garlic-based slug repellents
Laboratory tests at the University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (UK) revealed that a highly refined garlic product (ECOguard produced by ECOspray Ltd, a British company that makes organic pesticides) was an effective slug killer. Look for garlic-based slug deterrents which will be emerging under various brand names, as well as ECOguard.
• Coffee grounds; new caffeine-based slug/snail poisons - Coffee grounds scattered on top of the soil will deter slugs. The horticultural side effects of using strong grounds such as espresso on the garden, however, are less certain. When using coffee grounds, moderation is advised. |
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UKButterflies Larval Foodplants website page lists the larval foodplants used by British butterflies. The name of each foodplant links to a Google search. An indication of whether the foodplant is a primary or secondary food source is also given. Please note that the Butterfly you see for only a short time has grown up on plants as an egg, caterpillar and chrysalis for up to 11 months, before becoming a butterfly. If the plants that they live on during that time are removed, or sprayed with herbicide, then you will not see the butterfly. |
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Plants used by the Butterflies follow the Plants used by the Egg, Caterpillar and Chrysalis as stated in |
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Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
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Cabbages - Large White eats all cruciferous plants, such as cabbages, mustard, turnips, radishes, cresses, nasturtiums, wild mignonette and dyer's weed |
Egg,
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40-100 eggs on both surfaces of leaf. |
May-June and August-Early September. 4.5-17 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
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Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
July or August; hatches in 3 days. |
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Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
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Cherry with |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
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(Common CowWheat, Field CowWheat) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Currants |
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on oak or pine tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
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Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 15 days in May-June. |
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Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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False Brome is a grass (Wood Brome, Wood False-brome and Slender False-brome) |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
... |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
1 then |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
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Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Nasturtium from Gardens |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
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Mountain pansy, |
Egg, Chrysalis |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. 3 weeks in September |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk. |
15 days in July. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
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Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf or on stalk. |
July-August for 17 days. |
|
Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on stem or stalk near plant base. |
July to hatch in 8 months in March. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
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Willow |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Plants used by the Butterflies |
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Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Asters |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
|
|
Runner and Broad Beans in fields and gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
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Aubretia in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
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Holly Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Buddleias |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Wood White |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
|
Cabbage and cabbages in fields |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October |
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Adonis Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
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Pale Clouded Yellow |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
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Cow-wheat |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
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Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamaedrys - Birdseye Speedwell) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
30 days in May-June. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-September |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
May-June for 18 days. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Painted Lady |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
|
Marigolds in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September. |
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Michaelmas Daisies |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
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Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Nasturtiums in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-May |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
7 weeks in July-August. |
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Comma |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
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Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days in August. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June.
|
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
||
Apple/Pear/Cherry/Plum Fruit Tree Blossom in Spring |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
April-May |
|
Rotten Fruit |
Butterfly |
Drinks juice |
July-September |
|
Tree sap and damaged ripe fruit, which are high in sugar |
Butterfly |
Hibernates inside hollow trees or outhouses until March. Eats sap or fruit juice until April. |
10 months in June-April |
|
Wild Flowers |
Large Skipper |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
June-August |
Links to the other Butterflies:- Black Hairstreak |
Topic - Wildlife on Plant Photo Gallery. Some UK native butterflies eat material from UK Native Wildflowers and live on them as eggs, caterpillars (Large Skipper eats False Brome grass - Brachypodium sylvaticum - for 11 months from July to May as a Caterpillar before becoming a Chrysalis within 3 weeks in May) chrysalis or butterflies ALL YEAR ROUND. |
Wild Flower Family Page (the families within "The Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers" by David McClintock & R.S.R. Fitter, Published in 1956 They are not in Common Name alphabetical order and neither are the common names of the plants detailed within each family. The information in the above book is back-referenced to the respective page in "Flora of the British Isles" by A.R. Clapham of University of Sheffield, |
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When you look at the life history graphs of each of the 68 butterflies of Britain, you will see that they use plants throughout all 12 months - the information of what plant is used by the egg, caterpillar, chrysalis or butterfly is also given in the above first column.
THE LIFE AND DEATH OF A FLAILED CORNISH HEDGE - This details that life and death from July 1972 to 2019, with the following result:- End note, June 2008. I hear spring vetch has been officially recorded somewhere in West Cornwall and confirmed as a presence in the county, so perhaps I can be permitted to have seen it pre-1972 in the survey mile. I wonder where they found it? It's gone from hedges where it used to be, along with other scarcities and so-called scarcities that used to flourish in so many hedges unrecorded, before the flail arrived. I have given careful thought to including mention of some of the plants and butterflies. So little seems to be known of the species resident in Cornish hedges pre-flail that I realise some references may invite scepticism. I am a sceptic myself, so sympathise with the reaction; but I have concluded that, with a view to re-establishing vulnerable species, it needs to be known that they can with the right management safely and perpetually thrive in ordinary Cornish hedges. In future this knowledge could solve the increasingly difficult question of sufficient and suitable sites for sustainable wild flower and butterfly conservation - as long as it is a future in which the hedge-flail does not figure.
CHECK-LIST OF TYPES OF CORNISH HEDGE FLORA by Sarah Carter of Cornish Hedges Library:-
Titles of papers available on www.cornishhedges.co.uk:-
THE GUILD OF CORNISH HEDGERS is the non-profit-making organisation founded in 2002 to support the concern among traditional hedgers about poor standards of workmanship in Cornish hedging today. The Guild has raised public awareness of Cornwall's unique heritage of hedges and promoted free access to the Cornish Hedges Library, the only existing source of full and reliable written knowledge on Cornish hedges." |
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Recommended Plants for Wildlife in different situations
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From the Ivydene Gardens Box to Crowberry Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
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The Bumblebee Pages website is divided into five major areas:
FORCED INDOOR BULBS in Window Box Gardens. |
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Theme |
Plants |
Comments |
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Thyme |
Thymus praecox, wild thyme Thymus pulegioides Thymus leucotrichus Thymus citriodorus |
Thymes make a very fragrant, easy to care for windowbox, and an excellent choice for windy sites. The flower colour will be pinky/purple, and you can eat the leaves if your air is not too polluted. Try to get one variegated thyme to add a little colour when there are no flowers. |
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Herb |
Sage, mint, chives, thyme, rosemary |
Get the plants from the herb section of the supermarket, so you can eat the leaves. Do not include basil as it need greater fertility than the others. Pot the rosemary up separately if it grows too large. |
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Mints |
Mentha longifolia, horse mint Mentha spicata, spear mint Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal Mentha piperita, peppermint Mentha suaveolens, apple mint |
Mints are fairly fast growers, so you could start this box with seed. They are thugs, though, and will very soon be fighting for space. So you will either have to thin and cut back or else you will end up with one species - the strongest. The very best mint tea I ever had was in Marrakesh. A glass full of fresh mint was placed in front of me, and boiling water was poured into it. Then I was given a cube of sugar to hold between my teeth while I sipped the tea. Plant this box and you can have mint tea for months. |
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Heather |
Too many to list See Heather Shrub gallery |
For year-round colour try to plant varieties that flower at different times of year. Heather requires acid soils, so fertilise with an ericaceous fertilser, and plant in ericaceous compost. Cut back after flowering and remove the cuttings. It is best to buy plants as heather is slow growing. |
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Blue |
Ajuga reptans, bugle Endymion non-scriptus, bluebell Myosotis spp., forget-me-not Pentaglottis sempervirens, alkanet |
This will give you flowers from March till July. The bluebells should be bought as bulbs, as seed will take a few years to flower. The others can be started from seed. |
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Yellow |
Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch Geum urbanum, wood avens Lathryus pratensis, meadow vetchling Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lotus corniculatus, birdsfoot trefoil Primula vulgaris, primrose Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup Ranunculus ficaria, lesser celandine |
These will give you flowers from May to October, and if you include the primrose, from February. Try to include a vetch as they can climb or trail so occupy the space that other plants can't. All can be grown from seed. |
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White |
Trifolium repens, white clover Bellis perennis, daisy Digitalis purpurea alba, white foxglove Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette |
All can be grown from seed. The clover and daisy will have to be cut back as they will take over. The clover roots add nitrogen to the soil. The mignonette flower doesn't look very special, but the fragrance is wonderful, and the alyssum smells of honey. |
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Pink |
Lychnis flos-cucli, ragged robin Scabiosa columbaria, small scabious Symphytum officinale, comfrey |
The comfrey will try to take over. Its leaves make an excellent fertiliser, and are very good on the compost heap, though windowbox gardeners rarely have one. |
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Fragrant |
Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette Lathyrus odoratus, sweet pea |
The sweet pea will need twine or something to climb up, so is suitable if you have sliding windows or window that open inwards. You will be rewarded by a fragrant curtain every time you open your window. |
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Spring bulbs and late wildflowers |
Galanthus nivalis, snowdrop Narcissus pseudonarcissus, narcissius Crocus purpureus, crocus Cyclamen spp. |
The idea of this box is to maximize your space. The bulbs (cyclamen has a corm) will flower and do their stuff early in the year. After flowering cut the heads off as you don't want them making seed, but leave the leaves as they fatten up the bulbs to store energy for next year. The foliage of the wildflowers will hide the bulb leaves to some extent. Then the wildflowers take over and flower till autumn |
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Aster spp., Michaelmas daisy Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Succisa pratensis, devil's bit scabious Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal |
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Bee Garden in Europe or North America |
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Plants for moths (including larval food plants and adult nectar sources) from Gardens for Wildlife - Practical advice on how to attract wildlife to your garden by Martin Walters as an Aura Garden Guide. Published in 2007 - ISBN 978 1905765041:- |
Marjoram - Origanum officinale |
"On average, 2 gardeners a year die in the UK as a result of poisonous plants. Those discussed in this blog illustrate a range of concerns that should be foremost in the designer’s mind." from Pages on poisonous plants in this website:- |
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Wildlife-friendly Show Gardens
Many of our gardens at Natural Surroundings demonstrate what you can do at home to encourage wildlife in your garden:-
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Ivydene Gardens Water Fern to Yew Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
Only Wildflowers detailed in the following Wildflower Colour Pages |
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Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
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1 |
Blue |
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1 |
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1 |
Cream |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
White A-D |
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1 Yellow |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
Flowering plants of |
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1 |
Flowering plants of |
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The following table shows the linkages for the information about the plants
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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Private Garden Design:- |
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<---- |
Yes |
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No |
Cannot be bothered. |
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At Home with Gard-ening Area |
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Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
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Grow flowers for flower arranging and vegetables on Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
Pan Plant Back-grou-nd Colour |
STAGE 3b |
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Outside Garden |
Pan, Trough and Window-Box Odds and Sods |
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Kinds of Pan Plants that may be split up and tucked in Corners and Crevices |
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Trough and Window-box plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Pan Plant |
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You need to know the following:- |
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A) Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers List leads onto the |
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Human Prob-lems |
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Blind, |
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Garden Style, which takes into account the Human Problems above |
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Classic Mixed Style |
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Cottage Garden Style |
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. |
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Naturalistic Style |
Formal English Garden |
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Mediterranean Style |
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Meadow and Corn-field |
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. |
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Paving and Gravel inland, |
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Problem Sites within your chosen Garden Style from the above |
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Exce-ssively Hot, Sunny and Dry Site is suitable for Drought Resistant Plants |
Excessively Wet Soil - especially when caused by poor drainage |
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Control of Pests (Aphids, Rabbits, Deer, Mice, Mole, Snails) / Disease by Companion Planting in Garden |
Whether your Heavy Clay or Light Sandy / Chalk Soil is excessively Alkaline (limy) / Acidic or not, then there is an Action Plan for you to do with your soil, which will improve its texture to make its structure into a productive soil instead of it returning to being just sand, chalk, silt or clay. |
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Problems caused by builders:- 1. Lack of soil on top of builders rubble in garden of just built house. |
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In planning your beds for your garden, before the vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman planting is inserted into your soft landscaping plan, the following is useful to consider:- |
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Reasons for stopping infilling of Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page. From September 2017 will be creating the following new pages on Sense of Fragrance using Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders. |
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After you have selected your vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman plants for each bed or border, you will need to infill with plants taking the following into account:- |
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Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Leaf Perfume Group:- |
Scent of Wood, Bark and Roots Group:-
Scent of Fungi Group:- |
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Sense of Sight |
Emotion of |
Emotion of |
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. |
Emotion of |
Emotion of Intellectual versus Emotional |
Sense of Touch |
Sense of Taste |
Sense of Sound |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 for |
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STAGE 3a ALL , 3 AND 4 PLANTS INDEX GALLERIES with pages of content (o) |
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Plant Type |
ABC |
DEF |
GHI |
JKL |
MNO |
PQR |
STU |
VWX |
YZ |
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Alpine in Evergreen Perennial, |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
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Annual/ Biennial |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
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Bedding, 25 |
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Bulb, 746 with Use, Flower Colour/Shape of |
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Climber 71 Clematis, 58 other Climbers with Use, Flower Colour and Shape |
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1 (o) |
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Deciduous Shrub 43 with Use and Flower Colour |
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1 (o) |
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Evergreen Perennial 104 with Use, Flower Colour, Flower Shape and Number of Petals |
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Evergreen Shrub 46, Semi-Evergreen Shrub and Heather 74 with Use and Flower Colour |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
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1 (o) |
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Fern with 706 ferns |
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1 (o) |
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Herbaceous Perennial 91, |
1 (o) |
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Rose with 720 roses within Flower Colour, Flower Shape, Rose Petal Count and Rose Use |
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Sub-Shrub |
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Wildflower 1918 with |
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Finally, you might be advised to check that the adjacent plants to the one you have chosen for that position in a flower bed are suitable; by checking the entry in Companion Planting - like clicking A page for checking Abies - and Pest Control page if you have a pest to control in this part of the flower bed. |
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 Reference books for these galleries in Table on left |
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STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY |
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Since 2006, I have requested photos etc from the Mail-Order Nurseries in the UK and later from the rest of the World. Few nurseries have responded.
with the aid of further information from other books, magazines and cross-checking on the internet. |
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